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Best Business Opportunities in Bhutan - Identification and Selection of right Project, Thrust areas for Investment, Industry Startup and Entrepreneurship Projects

The economy of Bhutan, one of the world's smallest and least developed countries, is based on agriculture and forestry, which provide the main livelihood for more than 60% of the population. Agriculture consists largely of subsistence farming and animal husbandry. The economy is closely aligned with India's through strong trade and monetary links and dependence on India's financial assistance. Most production in the industrial sector is of the cottage industry type. Most development projects, such as road construction, rely on Indian migrant labour. Model education, social, and environment programs are underway with support from multilateral development organisations.

The industrial sector is in a nascent stage, and though most production comes from cottage industry, larger industries are being encouraged and some industries such as cement, steel, and ferroalloy have been set up. Most development projects, such as road construction, rely on Indian contract labour. Agricultural produce includes rice, chilies, dairy (some yak, mostly cow) products, buckwheat, barley, root crops, apples, and citrus and maize at lower elevations. Industries include cement, wood products, processed fruits, alcoholic beverages and calcium carbide.

Bhutan’s hydropower industry accounts for 32% of the nation’s economy. The dependency on a single sector is a potential risk factor, the report states. As an alternative revenue generation sector, the government is promoting tourism, which also hopes to generate employment. Like in most countries, the Cottage and Small Industry (CSI) play a pivotal role in the overall industrial economy of Bhutan.

 

Business Sectors

Agriculture Industry

Agriculture in Bhutan has a dominant role in the Bhutan's economy. Approximately 80% of the population of Bhutan are involved in agriculture. Over 95% of the earning women in the country work in the agricultural sector. Majority of the refugees in this Himalayan nation are also employed in the agricultural sector. Agriculture in Bhutan is characterized by its labor-intensive nature with relatively low intensity of farm inputs.

Major crops cultivated in Bhutan are maize and rice. Maize accounts for 49% of total domestic cereal cultivation, and rice accounts for 43%. Rice is the major staple crop. Agriculture in the country includes cultivation of wheat and other minor cereal crops. Paddy is the primary crop in those regions where proper irrigation is available. Apart from paddy, other crops like wheat, barley, oil seeds, potato and different vegetables are also cultivated in these lands. The primary goals of agriculture in Bhutan are to raise the per capita income of the people living in rural areas, to enhance self-sufficiency in staple crops, and to increase the productivity per unit of farm labor and agricultural land.

There may be investment opportunities in:

  • Dall Mill (Split Dalls/ Pulses for Chhilke-wali Moong, Urad, Arhar, Channa, Masoor)
  • Poha (Rice Flakes)
  • Atta, Maida Suji & Wheat Bran (Wheat Flour Plant) Roller Flour Mill
  • Rice Powder, Puttu and Wheat Powder
  • Biscuits & Candy
  • Rice Mill(Parboiled Rice)
  • Bakery industry, etc.


Minerals and Mining

The country’s mineral industry was small and insignificant to its economy and was dominated by the production of cement, coal, dolomite, gypsum, and limestone. Known resources included deposits of beryl, copper, graphite, lead, mica, pyrite, tin, tungsten, and zinc. Mining is one of the fastest growing industries in Bhutan generating average revenue of 54 million U.S. dollars or contributing 3 percent to country's GDP.

Industrial mineral products were the primary output of Bhutan’s mineral industry and included dolomite, graphite, marble and slate, and sand and stone. The production of a variety of stone materials and energy fuels had been increasing steadily in recent years and corresponded to the increased demand for these commodities in the construction sector. While major exports of minerals are made in raw form, Bhutan processes some of its minerals into value-added products such as calcium carbide, cement, and ferrosilicon.

Accordingly, Bhutan’s policies on mining and quarrying consider inter-generational equity. This is important since minerals constitute vital raw materials for the mineral based manufacturing industries and are a major resource for economic development of a country. Bhutan is endowed with rich mineral resources that has allowed for the sustainable growth of a mineral based industry and export base. This mineral resource exploitation and value addition has helped generate employment and can contribute towards poverty alleviation.

There may be investment opportunities in:

  • Artificial Marble Tiles
  • Granite (Marble) Polishing Batti (Bar)
  • Granite Marble Cutting and Polishing Unit
  • Calcium Carbonate from Marble Chips
  • Coal Washing Unit
  • Ferro Silicon Manufacturing
  • Gypsum plaster boards
  • Beneficiation of chromium, nickel and manganese ore
  • Integrated production unit of gypsum powder, gypsum board
  • P.V.C. laminated gypsum ceiling tiles, etc.


Livestock Industry

Livestock farming practices continue to evolve in response to rapid modernization and growing economic opportunities in the Bhutan Himalaya. Animal husbandry is an integral part of farming activities in Bhutan and, especially in the high altitude or alpine regions, animal husbandry forms virtually the sole economic activity. The consumption of animal products is an important element of the Bhutanese diet.

Livestock is an integral part in all Bhutanese farming systems. While most households rear livestock for home consumption, livestock farming and nomadic herding are the predominant activities in the alpine and cool temperate zones. Over 80 per cent of rural households own cattle. Other significant livestock include poultry (reared by about 65% of rural households), pigs (38%), horses (23%), goats (15%) and yaks (2%). Inadequate pasture land and poor access to markets are significant constraints to improving production, but increasing urban demand for livestock products is encouraging farmers near urban areas to keep better breeds and improve feed and fodder management. In the livestock sector artificial insemination covers not only Jersey breeds that are high yielding but also for the production of Jatsa and Jatsam that are local high yielding varieties.

The indigenous cattle are the most important livestock genetic resources for food, animal energy and household income in Bhutan. Poultry farming is one of the important livestock farming components in Bhutan.

There may be investment opportunities in:

  • Aquaculture Fish Farming
  • Prawn/Shrimp Farming
  • Poultry & Broiler Farming
  • Management of Rabbits/Angora Rabbit Farming
  • Goat & Sheep Farming
  • Poultry Farm for Producing Eggs
  • Animal Feed Using Date Pits, Discarded Dates and Other Ingredients
  • Pig Farming
  • Cattle Feed, etc.

 

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INSTANT GINGER POWDER DRINK - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

Ginger is one of the oldest and most important spices used in different kinds of food preparation. Ginger possesses a warm pungent taste and a pleasant odor, hence it has a wide use as a flavoring in numerous food preparation, beverages, ginger bread, soups, pickles and many soft drinks. There are two general types of ginger viz. fresh green ginger used for the preparation of candied ginger (in sugar syrup) and dried or cured ginger applied in the spice trade, for extracts, oleoresins and for the distillation of its volatile oil. The main application of the ginger oil is in confectionery, beverages, and baked products. An instant beverage powder with non-polymer catechins contained at high concentration has improved flavor and taste owing to reductions in bitterness and astringency, and also provides improved flavor and taste and improved stability in external appearance after reconstituted into a beverage. The instant beverage powder contains the following ingredients (A) and (B): (A) from 0.5 to 20.0 wt % of a purified product of green ginger extract powder. Instant Ginger Drink with Creamer made from fresh young roots, peeled and sliced, cooked in heavy sugar syrup, and then air dried. After the process, it mixed with creamer for taste variant. The instant ginger powder in the present is comprised of a powdery concentrate composition containing non-polymer catechins, and is taken as a reconstituted beverage by dissolving it in a liquid such as deionized water or hot water. The instant beverage powder of the present may desirably be taken as a reconstituted beverage containing from 0.01 to 0.5 wt % of non-polymer catechins. the content of non-polymer catechins in the instant beverage powder is set at from 0.5 to 15.0 wt % in the present invention, but may be set preferably at from 0.5 to 12.0 wt %, more preferably at from 0.6 to 10.0 wt %, even more preferably at from 0.6 to 5.0 wt %. The setting of the content of non-polymer catechins within the above-described range makes it possible to readily digest a large amount of non-polymer catechins, and moreover, to expect the physiological effects of non-polymer catechins. The term "non-polymer catechins" as used herein is a generic term, which collectively encompasses non-epi-form catechins such as catechin, gallocatechin, catechin gallate and gallocatechin gallate, and epi-form catechins such as epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate. The concentration of non-polymer catechins is defined based on the total amount of the above-described eight non-polymer catechins. The purified product is next granulated into a powder. The granulation may be conducted by either a dry method or a wet method, but for obtaining a particle size suited for dissolution in water or another drinking medium, wet granulation that granulates by using the adhesive force of water or a binder is preferred. Examples of preferred granulation methods include spray-drying granulation, freeze-drying granulation, fluidized bed granulation and tumbling granulation. The granulation can be conducted by using two or more of these granulation methods in combination. The instant drinks are available in a range of flavours: Orange, Raspberry, Cherry, Kiwi, Mango, Cola, Peach, Tropic, sprite, Apple, Apricot, Fruit Punch, Grape, Strawberry, Lemon, Pineapple, Ice tea Lemon, Ice tea Apple and Ice tea Peach. The demand of ginger based beverage will ever increasing due to its health benefits. It has good export, global and domestic demand. There is good scope for new entrepreneurs.
Plant capacity: 600 MT/Annum (5000 Pouches (400 GMS) per dayPlant & machinery: 50 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: 348 Lakhs
Return: 49.00%Break even: 42.00%
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HIGH FRUCTOSE CORN SYRUP (HFCS)- Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

Fructose is a simple monosaccharide found in many foods. It is a white solid that dissolves readily in water. Honey, tree fruits, berries, melons and some root vegetables, contain significant amounts of the fructose derivative sucrose (table sugar). Sucrose is a disaccharide derived from the condensation of glucose and fructose. Crystalline fructose and high-fructose corn syrup are often confused as the same product. Crystalline fructose, which is often produced from a fructose-enriched corn syrup, is indeed the monosaccharide. High-fructose corn syrup, however, is usually considered to be a mixture of nearly equal amounts of fructose and glucose. High fructose corn syrup provides sweetness intensity equivalent to sugar. High fructose corn syrup can replace sugar in one-for-one proportions. The sweetness profile of high fructose corn syrup enhances many fruit, citrus and spice flavors in beverages, bakery fillings and dairy products. High fructose corn syrup is composed of either 42 percent or 55 percent fructose, with the remaining sugars being primarily glucose and higher sugars. In terms of composition, high fructose corn syrup is nearly identical to table sugar (sucrose), which is composed of 50 percent fructose and 50 percent glucose. Glucose is one of the simplest forms of sugar that serves as a building block for most carbohydrates. Fructose is a simple sugar commonly found in fruits and honey. High fructose corn syrup is used in foods and beverages because of the many benefits it offers. In addition to providing sweetness at a level equivalent to sugar, High fructose corn syrup enhances fruit and spice flavors in foods such as yogurt and spaghetti sauces, gives chewy breakfast bars their soft texture and also protects freshness. High fructose corn syrup keeps products fresh by maintaining consistent moisture. The industry responses towards substitution of sugar by HFS are positive provided a) it does not interfere with the product quality; b) regular supply of HFS is ensured; c) its use offers a price advantage over sugar; d) it does not change colour on heating; e) preservative qualities for the products is as good as in the case of sugar; f) there is no objection in using HFS by FPO or other food related enforcement agencies. HFS can replace sugar in industrial and domestic applications. Among industries, the major consuming sectors include bakery, confectionery, processed foods, beverages, soft drinks, ice creams, baby foods. Now-a-days the demand for HFCS is increasing day by day, so there is wide scope for new entrepreneurs to venture into this project.
Plant capacity: 37500 MT/Annum (High Fructose Corn Syrup, 15000 MT/Anuum (Gluten)Plant & machinery: 2314 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 3430 Lakhs
Return: 46.00%Break even: 33.00%
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VERMICELLI, NOODLES AND CHERRY (TOOTI FRUITY)- Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities

Vermicelli, commonly known as "SAVAT" in India, is such an ancient symbol of festival. The vermicelli is in use since the early period of Indian civilization. Vermicelli nowadays is used by all community irrespective of their caste, religion and country. It is generally prepared at the occasion of Rakshabandhan or Rakhee by Hindus, by Muslim at Id, by Christians at the occasion of Good Friday and X-mass day. In India, vermicelli is made from plain wheat flour or maida but in most of the western countries, different formulations have seen used to make vermicelli or the like products. All raw materials, plant, and machineries are available indigenously and can be started on fairly cottage small scale. This industry gives a good amount of return and therefore is useful for all those new entrepreneurs who have little sum to invest. Noodles are a very important part of Indian and worldwide cooking. They are a staple ingredient in many recipes and a lot of signature dishes involve noodles. A noodle is a type of food with a thin and elongated shape made from unleavened dough that is cooked in a boiling liquid. There is a great variety of noodles, which vary according to their region of production, ingredients, shape or width, and manner of preparation. Depending upon the type, noodles may be dried or refrigerated before cooking. Noodles are eaten hot or cold, steamed, stir-fried, deep-fried, boiled, or served in a soup. For the nutritionally-inclined noodles are excellent sources of protein. Besides being low in calories, they are extremely high in complex carbohydrates. Instant noodles are dried or precooked noodles fused with oil, and often sold with or without a packet of flavoring. Dried noodles are usually eaten after being cooked or soaked in boiling water for 2 to 5 minutes, while precooked noodles can be reheated, or eaten straight from the packet. Tooti fruity is an Italian confection made with sliced fruit which has been candied or dried to preserve it. The fruit in tooti fruity is often brightly colored with various dyes to make it more attractive and it may be used in a variety of ways. The term “tooti fruity” generally means “all fruit”. Any fruit can be included in a tooti fruity mix if it can be dried well. Some common fruits include papaya, pineapple, mango, apricot, and grapefruit etc and many others can also be used, and sometimes nuts can also be included. It is used as an additive in ice-cream and some sweets but its major consumption is in paan masala and some fresheners or "Mukhwas". This product can be manufactured across the country but unfortunately there are very few producers and demand is increasing. Extruders are now used in a variety of applications, such as the manufacture of ready-to-eat breakfast cereals, pasta, noodles, meat analogues (nougats), filled snack products and pet food. It is also used in mechanical de-boning of meat and hops processing. Extruded products can be broadly categorized into products for human consumption, products for animal consumption, and biodegradable, non-consumable material. The instant noodle market estimated to be valued at Rs 5.5 billion and growing at 15%, has some major players, such as Nestle, Indo Nissan Foods, and International Best foods. The size of the packaged food market in India is estimated at US $10 billion and is expected to reach US $20 billion by 2014, while the share of packaged food in the food and grocery market is expected to touch 5 per cent by the same time. The overall size of the snack food market is estimated at Rs 45 to Rs 50 bn. The market is reported to be growing at 7 to 8% annually. The organized snacks category is sub-divided into the traditional segment (bhujia, chanachur and the like), Western segment (potato chips, cheese balls etc.) and the newly established finger snacks segment, which is an adaptation of traditional offerings in the western format. In the Rs 19 billion branded (organized) snacks market, constituting over 40% of the market by value, Frito-Lay is estimated to command a market share of 45%, followed by Haldiram at 27% and ITC at 16%. The branded snacks market accounted for 16% by value and 12% by volume sales in 2007. According to a projection by Euromonitor International, the branded snacks market is growing at a compounded annual growth rate of 14% and would reach a value of Rs 35 billion by 2012. The demand for extruded food is ever increasing. There is good scope for new entrepreneurs. Few Indian Major Players are as under: Glaxosmithkline Consumer Healthcare Ltd. Indo Nissin Foods Ltd. M T R Foods Pvt. Ltd. Nestle India Ltd. Om Oil & Flour Mills Ltd. Surya Agroils Ltd. Capacity Vermicelli 11250000/Annum (Each Pouches 200 gms) Noodles 3000000/Annum (Each Pouches 500 gms) Tooti Fruity 7500000/Annum (Each Pouches 100 gms)
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: 149 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 382 Lakhs
Return: 43.00%Break even: 67.00%
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CHIP BLOCK (COMPRESSED WOOD) - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

Wood waste is, by far, the largest portion of the waste stream generated from wood working Industry. Almost everyone in the woodworking business has a problem with wood scrap, chips and sawdust occurring as a by-product of woodworking. From the mill to the finished product, this offal represents an impressive amount, approximately 50 percent and is usually categorized as waste. Piles of wood waste can be quickly turned into piles of savings and profits with the proper wood waste disposal system. Wood waste generated at residential and commercial wood frame construction sites offers a greater potential for reuse due to the ease of separating the wood during the various stages of construction. Cut-offs and scraps generated during the framing and trimming stages constitute a relatively clean and homogeneous waste steam that can make an excellent feedstock for engineered wood production. This type of wood waste represents a highly desirable form of wood waste that processors are eager to obtain. Hence all these alternatives can save money in avoided disposal fees and potentially generate income from the sale of salvageable materials. Shavings and sawdust may be reground into wood flours, or the wood flour may be recovered as sized dust materials that have been screened and separated. Wood flour has major industrial markets in industrial fillers, binders and extenders in industrial products like epoxy resins, fertilizers, adhesives, absorbent materials, felt roofing, inert explosive components, ceramics, floor tiles, cleaning products, wood fillers, caulks and putties, soil extenders and a vast array of plastics. Some wood flours like mesquite may be used in edible flavorings for human or pet consumption. Wood/sawdust chip block are generally used as packing components. They are also used as the feet of wooden pallet in packaging. Wood-fired systems using sawdust, shavings or shop-produced wood waste account for 88 percent of power production, with landfill gas accounting for 8 percent, agricultural waste 3 percent and anaerobic digesters 1 percent of power production (NREL data). Some power companies co fire biomass with coal to save fuel costs and earn emissions credits. Using wood waste or other biomass in the fuel mix enhances their competitiveness in the market place. Added to decreased production and less supply to meet what had been the demand, there has been increasing demand for sawdust from the bio energy sector as more consumers are incorporating pellet stoves and pellet fueled hot-water boilers into their homes. This has led to increasing numbers of wood pellet producers, especially in the northern and northeastern states. The increased demand for sawdust and increased price for the commodity has primarily impacted livestock producers, particularly dairy farmers and hog producers who use sawdust as part of a composting system for decomposing quarantined carcasses. There is a very good demand and market potential for this product.
Plant capacity: 180000 Nos./AnnumPlant & machinery: 70 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: 136 Lakhs
Return: 42.00%Break even: 45.00%
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CHIP BLOCK (COMPRESSED WOOD) - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

Wood waste is, by far, the largest portion of the waste stream generated from wood working Industry. Almost everyone in the woodworking business has a problem with wood scrap, chips and sawdust occurring as a by-product of woodworking. From the mill to the finished product, this offal represents an impressive amount, approximately 50 percent and is usually categorized as waste. Piles of wood waste can be quickly turned into piles of savings and profits with the proper wood waste disposal system. Wood waste generated at residential and commercial wood frame construction sites offers a greater potential for reuse due to the ease of separating the wood during the various stages of construction. Cut offs and scraps generated during the framing and trimming stages constitute a relatively clean and homogeneous waste steam that can make an excellent feedstock for engineered wood production. This type of wood waste represents a highly desirable form of wood waste that processors are eager to obtain. Hence all these alternatives can save money in avoided disposal fees and potentially generate income from the sale of salvageable materials. Shavings and sawdust may be reground into wood flours, or the wood flour may be recovered as sized dust materials that have been screened and separated. Wood flour has major industrial markets in industrial fillers, binders and extenders in industrial products like epoxy resins, fertilizers, adhesives, absorbent materials, felt roofing, inert explosive components, ceramics, floor tiles, cleaning products, wood fillers, caulks and putties, soil extenders and a vast array of plastics. Some wood flours like mesquite may be used in edible flavorings for human or pet consumption. Wood/sawdust chip block are generally used as packing components. They are also used as the feet of wooden pallet in packaging. Wood-fired systems using sawdust, shavings or shop-produced wood waste account for 88 percent of power production, with landfill gas accounting for 8 percent, agricultural waste 3 percent and anaerobic digesters 1 percent of power production (NREL data). Some power companies co-fire biomass with coal to save fuel costs and earn emissions credits. Using wood waste or other biomass in the fuel mix enhances their competitiveness in the market place. Added to decreased production and less supply to meet what had been the demand, there has been increasing demand for sawdust from the bio-energy sector as more consumers are incorporating pellet stoves and pellet-fueled hot-water boilers into their homes. This has led to increasing numbers of wood-pellet producers, especially in the northern and northeastern states. The increased demand for sawdust and increased price for the commodity has primarily impacted livestock producers, particularly dairy farmers and hog producers who use sawdust as part of a composting system for decomposing quarantined carcasses. There is a very good demand and market potential for this product.
Plant capacity: 180000 Nos./AnnumPlant & machinery: 70 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: 136 Lakhs
Return: 42.00%Break even: 45.00%
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Bagasse based Cogeneration Power Plant - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities

Energy demand is fast increasing with rapid industrialization and urbanization in India. In a developing economy like India, generally energy demand is increasing at much faster pace than supply. Increasing demand also leads to increase in cost of energy, hence high power tariffs for consumers. Increasing price of petroleum crude and other fossil fuels, world over and in India in the last two decades, has forced us to look for cheaper, renewable sources of energy. Use of bio-mass generated from Agriculture and Agro-process industries are the prime and readily available sources of renewable energy. Cogeneration based on Rankine Cycle is not new to the sugar industry. The term power generation in the engineering sense implies the production of mechanical or electrical power from some other source of energy e.g., thermal hydroelectric or electrochemical energy. India is the second largest producer of Sugar cane in world after Brazil. Indian Sugar mills both in the private and co-operative or joint sector have accepted the importance of implementing high efficiency grid connected cogeneration power plant for generating exportable surplus. In fact, additional revenue stream by sale of exportable power to State Electricity Boards (or third party customers), has become the only way for achieving long term sustainability, given the fiercely competitive domestic and international sugar markets. Sugarcane Bagasse is an ideal renewable source of energy and is readily available from Sugar mills. Conventional means of power generation have used air, steam or water as a working medium for internal combustion engines reciprocating steam engines and steam and hydraulic turbines. Newer techniques such as magnetohydrodyamics, fuel-cell wind and solar power are under investigation and may eventually prove important. Per capita power consumption is a barometer of country's prosperity, economic growth and industrialization. Major portion of the additional power requirement will have to be met through thermal generation. Co-generation power plant (Power Plant) based on bagasse makes use of generation of power from bagasse as fuel. Cogeneration is the simultaneous production of process heat and electric power using single fuel. Biomass fuel can also be used in cogeneration plants for enhancing their efficiency. Biomass combustion facilities that produce electricity from steam-driven-turbine generators have a conversion efficiency of nearly 17 to 25 percent. Using a boiler to produce both heat and electricity (cogeneration) improves over all system efficiency to as much as 85 percent. That is, cogeneration converts 85 percent of the fuel’s potential energy into useful energy in two forms; electricity and steam heat. Cogeneration facilities increase economic viability and profitability of an industry. Cogeneration projects based on agro waste, like rice husk, bagasse etc. as fuel result is lowering the cost of energy generation, low capital investment, higher profitability of plant due to substantial reduction in cost of production and enhanced productivity and less consumption of costly and scarce fuels like diesel oil. The installed power generation of the country stood at 167,077.36MW during FY2010-2011. The Indian government has set ambitious goals in the 11th plan for power sector owing to which the power sector is poised for significant expansion. In order to provide availability of over 1000 units of per capita electricity by year 2012, it is estimated that, need-based capacity addition of more than 100,000 MW would be required. This has resulted in massive addition plans being proposed in the sub-sectors of Generation, Transmission and Distribution leaving ample space for new players. There is a very good scope in the power sector and new entrepreneurs should venture into this field.
Plant capacity: 10 MWPlant & machinery: 1423 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 3214 Lakhs
Return: 1.00%Break even: 49.00%
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IODIZED SALT - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Economics

Salt is existent in all animal and vegetable life and is coeval with life itself. It is a basic element in food of any living being. Salt as a chemical is of significant importance. Salt was the name originally given to the residue left by evaporation of sea water. Afterwards the name was employed to include all substances held in solution in sea water. Chemists ultimately extended the name to cover all combinations of an acid and a base. Sodium chloride (NaCl) now called common salt, is an example of the simplest type of chemical salt. Sodium chloride is an essential constituent of the body fluids and is responsible for a number of vital functions in the body. Sodium chloride or common salt is the chemical compound NaCl. It occurs naturally in many parts of the world as the mineral halite and as mixed evaporates in salt lakes. Seawater contains an average of 2.6% (by weight) NaCl. Sodium chloride crystals are cubic in form. Table salt consists of tiny cubes tightly bound together through ionic bonding of the sodium and chloride ions. Iodizing salt for human consumption is a modern trend. Iodine is an essential element in healthy human life enabling the function of our thyroid gland, “the master gland of metabolism.” Too little iodine can produce a thyroid enlargement known as a goiter; more significantly, iodine deficiency impairs fetal brain development and imposes on a newborn infant a lifetime intellectual deficit of 10 – 15 IQ points. Too much iodine is also a problem, though less common. Iodine is used in the body for formation of thyroxine an essential hormone. Salt is used as a medium to supply iodine to the body. Iodization of common salts has been recognized all over the world to meet the deficiency of iodine to eradicate goiter. Four inorganic compounds are used as iodide sources, depending on the producer: potassium iodate, potassium iodide, sodium iodate, and sodium iodide. The only iodizing agent so far approved for table salt is potassium iodide. It is present at a concentration of (0.01%). Looking to the high incidence of iodine deficiency, the iodization of salt was made compulsory in one after another state starting from 1980s. This resulted in establishment of many salt iodization plants in public and private sectors. The raw materials of edible salt are rock salt or crude solar sea salt or evaporated salt. Rock salt typically ranges between 95% and 99% NaCl, and mechanically evaporated salt and solar salt normally exceed 99% NaCl. Evaporated salt made with purified brine has the highest purity, in some cases 99.99% NaCl. Voluntary standards, such as those developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), the American Water Works Association (AWWA) assure appropriate quality for the intended use. Mandatory specifications for food grade, drug/medical and analytical use include Food Chemicals Codex, U.S. Pharmacopoeia, and Reagent Grade Chemicals. Salt is used as a raw material in chlor-alkali industry and in manufacture of other inorganic chemicals. It is used in detergents, fertilizers industry. Salt industry is one of the very old industries. However, due to its wide spread use in all over the world and also due to increasing demand for refined, iodized, super quality salts, even today, the industry provide very big scope for new investment in salt cultivation and also number of forward and backward linkages. Future scope for demand to increase may not be that lucrative but the way in which the structure of demand is changing that may create new opportunities of investment. It is estimated that demand for raw salt for edible use will increase at the rate of 2 per cent per annum i.e. the rate at which population is increasing while the demand for iodized salt is expected to increase at 10 per cent per annum and refined salt at 12 percent per annum. New entrepreneurs should venture into this field. Few Indian Major Players are as under: Ankur Chemfood Ltd. G Das & Co. Pvt. Ltd. Hindustan Salts Ltd. Nirma Ltd. Rasoi Ltd. Saboo Sodium Chloro Ltd. Sahayamatha Salt Refinery Ltd. Sambhar Salts Ltd. Super Salts Pvt. Ltd. Tamil Nadu Salt Corpn. Ltd. Tata Chemicals Ltd. Tuticorin Salt & Marine Chemicals Ltd. Vaibhav Enterprises Ltd.
Plant capacity: 15000 MT/ AnnumPlant & machinery: 698 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 1055 Lakhs
Return: 45.00%Break even: 42.00%
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Rice Bran Based Solvent Extraction Plant - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities

Rice has been and continues to be the largest source of human nutrition. Rice bran is a by-product of the rice milling process. Rice bran is the most important source of edible oil among the unconventional sources. Rice bran is the brown coating around the white starchy rice kernel, which is obtained by dehusking paddy and polishing the rice. While white rice holds little nutritional value, the bran that is removed contains 65 percent of the rice kernel’s nutrients and boasts a bounty of healthful benefits. The thin brown layer that is milled off in the processing of white rice, rice bran is just as effective as the other bran’s in fighting high cholesterol and providing high-grade fiber. India produces about 80 million tonnes of paddy annually. This can yield about 5 million tonnes of rice bran and to the extent of 8 lakhs tonnes of rice bran oil. Production of rice bran oil is currently estimated at about 2 lakhs tonnes and hardly 10-15 per cent of it is of edible grade, although the potential availability is reckoned at about 8 lakhs tonnes. The wide gap between the actual production and the potential availability of rice bran oil is primarily due to the fact that at present around 70 per cent of the paddy produced in the country is processed through huller mills while only 30 percent is processed by modern sheller mills. It has been estimated that huller mills number about 80,000 while there are only 28,000 modern sheller mills. Rice bran oil is natural oil that is created using the hull or bran of the rice grain. One of the advantages of using rice bran oil in cooking is that the oil has a high smoking point. This means the oil is ideal for frying foods without running the risk of overheating and burning the food before the meat or coated vegetables are cooked all the way through. The creation of rice bran oil involves the pressing of the hull or bran of the rice grain. By pressing on the hull, small amounts of oil can be extracted and collected. The oil released from the rice bran contains a hefty amount of Vitamin E, gamma oryzanol and the essential fatty acids that lend a great deal of taste to the oil. The presence of a number of antioxidants also help to make rice bran oil a healthier alternative for use in salad dressings and as an ingredient in baked goods. Rice Bran Oil alone has the potentiality of wiping out a large part of the deficit oil in the country. India is the biggest producer of rice in the world, next to China. However only a very small proportion of the rice bran is processed and large quantity of oil in rice bran is wasted. According to the solvent Extractor's Association of India, the total production of oil from indigenous sources amounted to 76.2 lakhs tonnes in oil year 2003-2004 and in the current oil year this is expected to rise to around 80.6 lakhs tonnes. The government estimated that the total shortfall in supply was of the order of about 6 lakhs to 7 lakhs tonnes. However, it imported about 11 lakhs tonnes last year, which is expected to go up to about 15 lakhs tonnes in the current year. The government is importing just the double of its own stated shortfall. There is an ample of scope and space for new entrepreneurs to venture into this field. Few Indian Major Players are as under: A G Fats Ltd. Agrawal Oil Extractions Ltd. Balaji Agro Oils Ltd. Boppana Oils Ltd. Cethar Foodoil Ltd. Chaitanya Oils Ltd. Goa Agro Oil Ltd. Godavari Edible Bran Oil Ltd. J R Foods Ltd. J S P Oils & Fats Ltd. K G N Agro Internationals Ltd. Kedia Overseas Ltd. Kirti Dal Mills Ltd. Lakshmi Energy & Foods Ltd. Madras Vanaspati Ltd. Midland Industries Ltd. Modi Naturals Ltd. Morinda Overseas Inds. Ltd. Organic Chemoils Ltd. Patliputra Industries Ltd. Prakash Solvent Extractions Ltd. Raghunath Cotton & Oil Products Ltd. Rasoi Ltd. Ravindra Solvent Oils Ltd. Rice Oil & Foods Ltd. Rom Industries Ltd. S K M Animal Feeds & Foods (India) Ltd. Sambandam Solvent Extraction Ltd. Satyakala Agro Oil Products Ltd. Shanti Kunj Solvent Ltd. Shree Madhav Edible Products Ltd. Shree Shakthi Agro Oils Ltd. Siddaganga Oil Extractions Pvt. Ltd. Sidh Industries Ltd. Sonitpur Solvex Ltd. Sree Tulasi Solvent Extractions Ltd. Sri Murugarajendra Oil Industry Ltd. Srihitha Refineries Ltd. Thapar Agro Mills Ltd. Unique Organics Ltd. Vijay Agro Products Pvt. Ltd.
Plant capacity: 8100 MT/AnnumPlant & machinery: 486 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : 804 Lakhs
Return: 42.00%Break even: 54.00%
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POTATO POWDER, GRANULES & FLAKES - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Plant Layout

Potato is one of the important tuber vegetables, which is consumed throughout the year. Indian vegetable basket is incomplete without mentioning the king of vegetables-potato-a sustaining force and a culinary delight. The tantalizing taste of nutrient-rich potatoes makes it an essential part of every breakfast, lunch and dinner worldwide. Potatoes can be consumed in varied forms. In fact, it is a vegetable that can easily be combined with any other food item including other vegetables, cereals, pulses, meat and poultry. Potato can be used to produce many value-added products. It can be roasted, boiled, fried, baked or steamed. The raw materials required are fresh potatoes. The forms of its products are single cell or cell aggregates, so we call it potato granules/powder and flakes. The main difference between potato powder and potato starch is that potato powder is the dehydration of fresh potatoes; they contain all dry matter of potatoes in addition to potato skin. To maintain the integrity of potato cell granules as much as possible, potato powder after watering have the nutrition, flavor and taste of cooked potatoes. Potato starch is only one of many ingredients of potato, so potato starch does not have the nutrition, flavor and taste of potatoes. Potato powder contain not only as the same nutrition level as cereal flour, but also rich in vitamin C and a lot of K. Potato powder contain large amounts of dietary fiber and lower fat. Do not contain cholesterol and saturated fatty acid, are convenient to eat and easy to digest and absorb, so they are particularly suitable for elderly and children to eat. Re-mixed potato powder strengthened nutrition is the full price of nutritious food accepted by the world. The storage and transportation of the potato powder are safe, the cost is low, and shelf life is longer. Using the potato powder to replace the fresh potato will greatly simplify the production process; reduce the cost and crease productivity. The storage and transportation cost of the potato powder are far lower than the fresh potatoes. It is estimate that 10 percent of potatoes produce is used as seed, 20% of produce are wasted due to inadequate storage and lack of proper transport infrastructure. The remaining 70% of potatoes (i.e.17.5 million tonnes) are consumed as fresh or processed. Of these almost 97% percent are consumed as fresh i.e. around 17.0 million tonnes are consumed as fresh potatoes is estimated at 15kg per annum. Roughly 0.5 million tonnes of potatoes are used for processing. Potato powder, Granulated and flakes are processed potatoes. It will help to increase the shelf life of potatoes. There are various machines are required for the processing of potatoes. Most of the machines are indigenously available very few of them may be imported. There are plenty of well verities of potato available for processing. The process technology can be easily available in India. As a whole the products have fair market demand. There is good scope for new entrepreneurs. Few Indian Major Players are as under: Tipsy-Topsy Exports Superveg Agrotech Pvt. Ltd. Sifter International Nile Valley Company Rice, Spice And Paper Inc.
Plant capacity: 3000 MT/Annum, 5 MT Potato Powder/Day, 2.5 MT Potato Flakes/Day, 2.5 MT Potato Granules/DayPlant & machinery: 665 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: 1240 Lakhs
Return: 36.00%Break even: 42.00%
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MORINGA OLEIFERA (DRUMSTICK) POWDER - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities

India has a major agribusiness sector which has achieved remarkable successes over the last three and a half decades. India ranks first in the world in production of fruits and second in vegetables. The changing food habits of people are discernible. There has been a positive growth in ready –to-serve beverages, fruit juices and pulps, processed fruits and vegetables products, i.e., dried or preserved and dehydrated vegetables and fruits. Moringa or drum sticks is among the well known vegetables being used in our food during its availability. It is commonly known as “Sejana”. Each vegetable and fruit has its own nutritional content. Moringa tree is mainly grown in semi-arid, tropical and sub-tropical areas. While the best type of soil for this tree is dry and sandy, it can also tolerate poor soil such as that found in coastal areas. The tree is native to the Himalayan foothills in Northwestern India. Moringa is widely cultivated in areas such as Africa, Central and South America, Sri Lanka, India, Mexico, Malaysia, and the Philippines. It is believed to be one of the most useful trees in the world. Its leaves are highly nutritious, being a significant source of beta-carotene, Vitamin C, protein, iron and potassium. The leaves are cooked and used as spinach. The tree has a medium height, extending to 15-20 feet. The fruits are 6-8 inch long, brown in color and have six visible veins. The leaves are 1-2 feet long and leaflets are in pairs of 6 to 9, with a width of ¼ inches. The seeds of Moringa oleifera are triangular in shape and astringent in taste. The usage of drumstick powder is mainly used in curries, kormas, and dal. Apart from that it also makes good savory cutlets. It imparts that special flavour to sambars and is used as a thickening agent. It gives a distinct palatable taste and is a rich source of glutamic acid and it is highly useful in joint pains. Dehydrated drumstick powder is an integral part of Indian cuisine and is extensively used in many food and curry preparations. It is a mass consumption item used round the year. Apart from individual households, it is used in large quantities in restaurants, dhabas, road-side eateries, hotels and canteens and many such places. But the conventional method of eating the fresh pod is not easily available instantly. Hence dehydrated drumstick powder has become acceptable. Drumstick is one of the world’s most useful trees with potential to improve nutrition, boost food security, foster rural development and support sustainable land care. From leaves and root to pods and seeds, all parts of the drumstick tree are highly edible. The drumstick is valued mainly for its tender pods, which are relished as vegetable but all its parts – bark, root, fruit, flowers, leaves, seeds and even gum – are of medicinal value. They are used in the treatment of ascites, rheumatism and venomous bites as antiseptic and as cardiac and circulatory stimulants. India is the largest producer of drumstick with an annual production of 1.1 to 1.3 million tonnes grown over 38,000 hectares. Andhra Pradesh leads with 15,665 hectares under murungai cultivation, compared to 7,408 hectares in Tamil Nadu. Drumstick in powder form is easily soluble, is in compact form and very convenient to transport. With increasing health awareness and improved standards of living, drumstick powder has good market potential. New entrepreneurs should venture into this field.
Plant capacity: 300000 Kgs./AnnumPlant & machinery: 19 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: 94 Lakhs
Return: 52.00%Break even: 41.00%
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  • T.C.I is Total Capital Investment
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