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Best Business Opportunities in West Bengal- Identification and Selection of right Project, Thrust areas for Investment, Industry Startup and Entrepreneurship Projects

Mineral: Project Opportunities in West Bengal

PROFILE:

A mineral is a naturally occurring solid chemical substance formed through biogeochemical processes, having characteristic chemical composition, highly ordered atomic structure, and specific physical properties. India is one of the world's most naturally endowed lands. India is home to numerous minerals which benefit the country economically. The minerals produced in India constitute one-quarter of the world's most popular mineral resources.

RESOURCES:

West Bengal stands third in the country in terms of mineral production. The state contributes about one-fifth to the total production of minerals in the country. Coal constitutes 99% of the minerals extracted in West Bengal; fireclay, china clay, limestone, copper, iron, wolfram, manganese and dolomite are mined in small quantities. There are good possibilities of obtaining mineral oil and natural gas in the areas near the Bay of Bengal.

West Bengal is the third largest state for coal production, accounting for about half of India's total. Lignite mined in Darjeeling is used to make briquettes. West Bengal ranks next to Bihar and Madhya Pradesh in production of fireclay. China clay used in the pottery, paper, textile, rubber and paint industries are unearthed at Mohammad Bazar in Birbhum and Mejia in Bankura. Limestone which is used in cement industry is mined in Bankura, Purulia, Darjeeling and Jalpaiguri. There are copper mines in Jalpaiguri and Darjeeling. Small quantities of low quality iron-ore are mined in Bardhaman, Purulia, Birbhum and Darjeeling. There are manganese in the Jhargram region of Paschim Medinipur, Purulia and Bardhaman. The state’s production of dolomite comes from the Dooars region of Jalpaiguri.

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

Keeping pace with the liberalised Mineral Policy being adopted by the Government of India, Government of West Bengal has formulated its Mineral Policy in 2002. Among the basic objectives of the West Bengal Mineral Policy, 2002 following are worth mentioning:

1. To review the existing State monopolies over mineral exploration and wherever required, go in for selective de-reservation.

2. To invite private capital, resources and technology, both foreign and domestic, for better exploration and exploitation;

3. To promote necessary linkages for smooth and uninterrupted development of mineral based industries to meet the needs of the State.

4. To ensure proper vigilance and supervision of mining activities with particular emphasis on simplification of procedures and greater generation of revenues from mineral resources.

5. To develop industry friendly facilities in specific minerals like, Coal, Granite and China Clay and in Natural gas like Coal bed Methane.

 

Iron and Steel: Project Opportunities in West Bengal

PROFILE:

India has one of the richest reserves of all the raw materials required for the industry, namely land, capital, cheap labour, iron ore, power, coal etc. Yet India is 5th in the world ranking for production of steel. Iron and steel is basis for laying the vibrant Indian industry. Production of steel has come to exist as an index of a country's potential, industrial and economic growth. The making of iron and steel had been known to the people of India since long. The iron pillar of Delhi is a proof of it and speaks of the quality of steel produced in this country in ancient times. The steel industry is often considered to be an indicator of economic progress, because of the critical role played by steel in infrastructural and overall economic development. The per capita usage of steel gives an indication of the technological advancement of a nation.

RESOURCES:

The growth of steel industry in the State is largely related to the proximity of raw materials, skilled manpower, port facilities and the vast market for steel products. Given these location advantages, large numbers of mini integrated steel plants have already been set up in the state manufacturing a wide range of products such as sponge irons, mild steels, iron pipes etc. The neighbouring Eastern States of India viz. Jharkhand, Orissa and Chattisgarh are endowed with huge iron ore reserves along with cooking coal and non-cooking coal. The establishment of Bengal Iron Works at Kulti in Burdwan district of West Bengal in 1870 where the first commercial blast furnace was set up in 1875 heralded the commencement of this industry in the State.

The easy availability of power, competitive rates of freight, close proximity to areas with natural resources relevant to the industry, and labour force traditionality skilled in operating iron and steel units are factors that have influenced the surge in investment in this sector.

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

Under the new industrial policy, iron and steel has been made one of the high priority industries. Price and distribution controls have been removed  as well as foreign direct investment up to 100% (under automatic route) has been permitted.  The Trade Policy has also been liberalized and import and export of iron and steel is freely allowed with no quantitative restrictions on import of iron and steel items. Tariffs on various items of iron and steel have drastically come down since 1991-92 levels and the government is committed to bring them down to the international levels.  With the abolishing of price regulation of iron and steel in 92, the steel prices are market determined. The policy devises a multi-pronged strategy to achieve these targets with following focus areas; removal of supply constraints especially availability  of critical inputs like iron ore; improve cost competitiveness by expanding and strengthening the infrastructure in roads, railways, ports and power; increase exports; meet the additional capital requirements by mobilizing financial resources; promote investments by removing  procedural delays. In addition the policy also addresses challenges arising out of environmental concerns, human resource requirements, R&D, volatile steel prices and the secondary sector. 

 

Leather: Project Opportunities in West Bengal

PROFILE:

Leather Industry occupies a place of prominence in the Indian economy in view of its massive potential for employment, growth and exports. There has been increasing emphasis on its planned development, aimed at optimum utilisation of available raw materials for maximising the returns, particularly from exports.  The Indian leather sector meets 10% of global finished leather requirement. The leather industry is spread in different segments, namely, tanning & finishing, footwear & footwear components, leather garments, leather goods including saddlery & harness, etc.

RESOURCES:

West Bengal has been functioning as a vast raw material resource base for the leather industry in the form of hides and skins. However, Indian leather export has undergone a transition from the export of raw hides and skins in the fifties to value added finished leather in the nineties. In the context, leather processing industries in West Bengal needed a strong structural support and proposal was mooted for setting up an eco-friendly complex near Calcutta with modern technical and training facilities. In this full scale integrated leather complex, facilities for leather-finishing, computer-aided design centres, modern training centre for up gradation are also being provided. This mega complex will also have manufacturing units to produce footwear uppers, finished foot wears, leather goods and garments to catering to the expanding domestic and export markets. The availability of a wide range of cost effective leather chemicals with consistent quality is crucial for the success of such a mega complex. Entrepreneurs can set up manufacturing units in the mega complex for both tanning chemicals and post-tanning chemical auxiliaries.

 

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

Government policies in support of the industry are:

• The entire leather sector is now de-licensed and de-reserved, paving way for expansion on modern lines with state-of-the art machinery and equipment

• 100% Foreign Direct Investment and Joint Ventures permitted through the automatic route

• 100% repatriation of profit and dividends, if investments made in convertible foreign currency. Only declaration to this effect to the Reserve Bank is required.

• Promotion of industrial parks (one leather park in Andhra Pradesh, one leather goods park in West Bengal, one footwear park in Tamil Nadu and one footwear components park in Chennai).

• Funding support for modernizing manufacturing facilities 

• Funding support for establishing design studios

• Duty free import of raw materials (namely raw skins, hides, semifinished leather and finished leather) and of embellishments and components under specific scheme

• Concessional duty on import of specified machinery for use in leather sector

• Duty neutralization / remission scheme 

 

Petrochemicals: Project Opportunities in West Bengal

PROFILE:

The petrochemical industry in India has been one of the fastest growing industries in the country. Since the beginning, the Indian petrochemical industry has shown an enviable growth rate. This industry also contributes largely to the economy of the country and the growth and development of manufacturing industry as well. It provides the foundation for manufacturing industries like construction, packaging, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, textiles etc.    

RESOURCES:

The state of West Bengal accounts for almost 4% of India’s production of petroleum products and 13% of India’s polymer production. The production has almost doubled in the last decade. Crude throughput at Haldia refinery increased to 5,502 million tones and its capacity utilization increased to 91.7% during 2005-06.

The growth of the Petrochemical sector has been very impressive both in terms of units set up and investment volume. The main reason for the recent growth of this industry is due to upstream and downstream industry linkages by the oil refining and petrochemical units set up in the state. The industry is due to receive a further fillip with the announcement of US$ 1 billion gas pipeline project to bring natural gas in the state. Haldia Petrochemicals Ltd. is India’s second largest integrated petrochemical complex. Currently producing 1.5 million tons of polymers and chemicals and has grown significantly to its present turnover of US$ 1.4 billion.

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

The major thrust areas of the policy are:

•        Encourage public sector companies & nationalized banks to enter the capital market to raise resources & offer new investment avenues.

•        Invite & encourage private sector investment in these industries in order to accelerate growth.

•        Set up Petroleum, Chemical & Petroleum Investment Regions (PCPIR) in the state to promote investment on a global scale.

•        Foreign Technology investments will be invited in the petrochemical industries.

•        Encourage Foreign Equity participation in the petrochemical industries.

 

Food Processing: Project Opportunities in West Bengal

PROFILE:

Indian food processing industry is widely recognized as a 'sunrise industry' having huge potential for uplifting agricultural economy, creation of large scale processed food manufacturing and food chain facilities, and the resultant generation of employment and export earnings. The food processing sector in India is geared to meet the international standards. Food Safety and Standards Authority of India has the mandate to develop standards and also to harmonise the same with International Standards consistent with food hygiene and food safety requirement and to the conditions of India's food industry.

RESOURCES:

West Bengal is one of the three front running states in India in food and agro processing sector. Fruits, vegetables and cereals grow in abundance in West Bengal. The state accounts for 30% of potatoes, 27% of pineapples, 12% of bananas and 16% of India’s rice production. Additionally fruits like mangoes, papaya, guava and jackfruit and vegetables like tomatoes, cauliflowers, cabbage, brinjal, pumpkin, are available in plenty.

West Bengal is the largest producer of rice, pineapple, vegetables and fruits in the country and second largest producer of potatoes and lychees. It ranks 1st in total meat production (including poultry) in the country and accounts for 10% of the country’s edible oil production. It is a substantial producer of spices, coconut, cashew nut, arecanut, betel vine and oilseeds. West Bengal is also one of the leading states in pisciculture since it the largest producer of fish.

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

Agro & Food Processing Industries form a very important part of the State’s economy. The West Bengal Government is setting up a number of policies & plans to focus on the selected areas like vegetables, fruits, fisheries, rice, poultry, dairy & floriculture. The major thrust areas of the policy are:

•        Increase agricultural production & productivity vertically through wider adoption of appropriate eco-system-specific & cost effective technology.

•        Bring more area under High Yielding Variety (HYV), hybrid & improved varieties of crops.

•        Emphasize increase production of pulses & oil seeds in non-traditional areas & non-conventional seasons.

•        Create employment opportunities in this sector to improve the socio-economic status of the farmers & also to remove sub-regional disparity.

•        Extending soil-testing facilities up to district level for proper use of fertilizer.

•        Post-harvest technology for reducing loss & better marketability.

•        Bring cultivable waste land & fallow land under cultivation.

•        Application of low cost technology for increasing production & productivity.

•        More money involvement in agriculture.

•        Encourage private entrepreneurship for processing of fruits, vegetables & horticultural items.

•        Promote floriculture parks & flower complexes in the state.

•        Other Business Process, knowledge Process and Engineering Process Outsourcing services

The State Government is encouraging the farmers for mechanization through the use of modern agricultural implements & machines for timely farm operation & reduction in the cost of cultivation.

 

Textiles: Project Opportunities in West Bengal

PROFILES:

The Indian textile industry is one of the largest industries in the world. The textile industry in India is the largest provider of employment after agriculture. This industry is one of the earliest industries of India to come into being; it is presently the second biggest industry in the world after China. Over the years, this industry has proved to be the provider of the basic requirements of the people. The industry holds a vital place in the Indian economy as it makes a contribution of 14 % to the industrial production of the country and at the same time sums up 4% of the total GDP of India. Along with contributing to the Indian economic scenario in terms of employment, involvement in the industrial production, foreign revenues the textile industry of India also contributes to the global textile economy. It contributes to the global textile fibre and yarn production.

RESOURCES:

The textile industry of Kolkata plays a significant role in the economy of the capital city of the state of West Bengal. West Bengal has traditionally been a major producer of cotton textile as well in the country. Jute textile manufacturing is the most prominent industry in West Bengal due to availability of raw jute in the state. At present there are 59 Jute mills in West Bengal. Main jute products are Hessian, sacking, jute bags, and other items produced by jute. Most of the jute mills are located on the banks of river Hooghly near Kolkata. West Bengal is the leader and pioneer in the country for the manufacturing of Jute textiles. Hosiery industry in West Bengal has a huge grow potential as Bengal was the birthplace of hosiery industry in India.

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

The Ministry of Textiles in India has formulated numerous policies and schemes for the development of the textile industry in India. The government of India has been following a policy of promoting and encouraging the handloom sector through a number of programmes. Most of the schematic interventions of the government of India in the ninth and tenth plan period have been through the state agencies and co-operative societies in the handloom industries. Some of the major acts relating to textile industry include: Central Silk Board Act, 1948, The Textiles Committee Act, 1963, The Handlooms Act, 1985, Cotton Control Order, 1986, The Textile Undertakings Act, 1995 Government of India is earnestly trying to provide all the relevant facilities for the textile industry to utilize its full potential and achieve the target. The textile industry is presently experiencing an average annual growth rate of 9-10% and is expected to grow at a rate of 16% in value, which will eventually reach the target of US $ 115 billion by 2012. The clothing and apparel sector are expected to grow at a rate of 21 %t in value terms.

 

Biotechnology: Project Opportunities in West Bengal

PROFILE

The Indian biotechnology sector is one of the fastest growing knowledge-based sectors in India and is expected to play a key role in shaping India's rapidly developing economy. With numerous comparative advantages in terms of research and development (R&D) facilities, knowledge, skills, and cost effectiveness, the biotechnology industry in India has immense potential to emerge as a global key player. Biopharma and bioservices sectors contributed 63 per cent and 33 per cent, respectively, to the total biotech exports. The bioagriculture, bioindustrials and bioinformatics sectors remained focussed on domestic operations, bringing in nearly 90 per cent of their revenues from India.

RESOURCES

West Bengal has a vast knowledge base with few of the premiers institutes of India located here.          Presence of Kharagpur IIT which over the years have done path breaking research in this sector is a major resource of biotechnology development. It has rich bio diversity, characterized by several species of medicinal & aromatic plants and diverse agro climatic zones. A matrix of 75 deliverable products is ready for commercialization in the agro and medical sector. Increase awareness among people about the adverse side effects of synthetic drags.

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

The state has been putting efforts to facilitate the growth of biotech industries and development of clean biotech technologies. The various key initiatives under this section include:

•        Conserve bio-diversity through mapping and sustainable use of bio-resources.

•        Create a "Centre of Excellence for Biotechnology" as a high quality support service to Biotech Industries.

•        Facilitate the flow of venture capital funds and bank credit to Biotech companies.

•        Spread general awareness for optimum utilisation of Biotechnology in the agriculture sector.

 

Automobile and auto components: Project Opportunities in West Bengal

PROFILE:

The Indian auto industry has the potential to emerge as one of the largest in the world. Presently, India is second largest two wheeler markets in the world, fourth largest commercial vehicle market in the world. 11th largest passenger car in the world and is expected to be the seventh largest market by 2016. The growth is a reflection of the emergence of India as a global automobile hub with almost all global auto makers having set up plants in India to cater mainly to the domestic market, as also the export market. The Indian auto component industry has kept pace with technological developments and is today catering not only to OEM and Tier I auto makers in India but abroad as well. Many Indian auto part makers have today also succeeded in emerging as the supplier of choice to global auto majors.

RESOURCES:

West Bengal has traditionally been very strong in the engineering industries and has been an important manufacturing base in the past. West Bengal’s Hindustan Motors was one of the pioneers by commencing production of vehicles in the state in the year 1948. Recently it has collaborated with Mitsubishi Company of Japan to diverse into a wide range of cars and manufactures everything related to automobile industry like trekkers, trucks, and also luxury cars like Mitsubishi Lancer and touching a consolidated net sale of US$ 233.47 million in the last fiscal year. West Bengal realizing this huge potential in this sector has geared up with appropriate plans and policies to boost this sector. Also it has got certain inherent competitive advantages since the state is located in the heart of India’s steel and manufacturing cluster.

 

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

A number of policy initiatives have been taken by the government to facilitate the automotive industry. These include:

•        Permitting 100% FDI in this sector & removal of minimum capital investment norm for fresh entrants.

•        Establishing an international hub for manufacturing small, affordable passenger cars & a centre for manufacturing two-wheelers.

•        Conducting incessant modernization of the industry & facilitate indigenous design, research & development.

•        Leveraging State’s software technology into automotive technology wherever relevant.

•        Encouraging development of vehicles propelled by alternate energy sources.

•        Development of domestic safety & environmental standards at par with the international standards.

•        Emphasis on low emission fuel auto technologies & availability of appropriate auto fuels.

The State is also encouraging dynamic investment in the sector to create an environment for volume production & indigenous capability for small cars & auto parts.

 

Tea: Project Opportunities in West Bengal

PROFILE:

Tea is indigenous to India and is an area where the country can take a lot of pride. This is mainly because of its pre-eminence as a foreign exchange earner and its contributions to the country's GNP. In all aspects of tea production, consumption and export, India has emerged to be the world leader, mainly because it accounts for 31% of global production. It is perhaps the only industry where India has retained its leadership over the last 150 years. Tea production in India has a very interesting history to it. The range of tea offered by India - from the original Orthodox to CTC and Green Tea, from the aroma and flavour of Darjeeling Tea to the strong Assam and Nilgiri Tea- remains unparalleled in the world.

RESOURCES:

West Bengal is the second largest tea growing state in the countryl contributing almost 21% of the total production in the country. There are three tea-growing zones in the state;       Darjeeling,          Terai and Dooars. Darjeeling tea is considered to be the finest in the world. There are 343 tea gardens in West Bengal covering 1,03,950 hectares planted area. Some of the major players in the Tea industry in West Bengal include Tata Tea Ltd, James Finlay & Company. Both of them together are representing world’s second largest global branded tea operations with product and brand presence in over 50 countries. Goodricke Group Ltd. (GGL) a part of the UK-based Cammelia Plc, the world’s single largest tea producer in the private sector. In India it is the third largest tea producer and the leading producer of Darjeeling tea.

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

The tea industry in India is highly regulated. It requires licenses for its import or export. While The Tea Act, 1953 controls production and distribution activities, the Tea (Marketing) Control Order, 2003 regulates tea sales and stipulates that a defined percentage of tea produced from each garden be sold through the auction system. In addition to this central cess, States also levy sales tax on sale of tea. Profits from production and sale of tea are subject to agricultural income tax by the states. Thus, the residual income after paying corporate tax is taxed again. This tax is levied on profits accruing to gardens located in respective state. 100% foreign direct investment (FDI) in tea industry is permitted subject to compulsory divestment of 26% equity of the company in favour of an Indian partner / Indian public within five years from the date of investment.

 

Tourism: Project Opportunities in West Bengal

PROFILE:

Tourism has become an important industry in many countries of the world, both in the east and the west. Various initiatives are being taken by the Government and other organizations to promote tourism here. Tourism in India is the largest service industry, with a contribution of 6.23% to the national GDP and 8.78% of the total employment in India. India's rich history and its cultural and geographical diversity make its international tourism appeal large and diverse. It presents heritage and cultural tourism along with medical, business and sports tourism. India has one of the largest and fastest growing medical tourism sectors.

RESOURCES:

West Bengal has the widest variety of attractions in terms of tourist spots from the bustling Kolkata Megapolis with its historical and modern charms, to the zones of tranquillity like the Himalayan terrain in the north to the Sunderbans in the south. The state is endowed with all the diversities of nature that is a tourist’s dream. From the arid Chhota Nagpur plateau region in the west, forests in the north and south, mountains in the north, sea beaches in the south and rivers crisscrossing the whole of the state the varied panorama offers the discerning traveller a very wide choice and caters to the requirements of varied travel segments. More specifically, the snow capped peaks of the Himalayas, Darjeeling, referred by many as the Queen of the Hill Stations, the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway declared as a World Heritage Site, the vast tea estates of the Dooars, the famed Royal Bengal Tiger of Sunderbans, the innumerable historical landmarks of India’s and Bengal’s glorious history are all wonders for the prospective tourists.

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

In order to develop tourism in India in a systematic manner, position it as a major engine of economic growth and to harness its direct and multiplier effects for employment and poverty eradication in an environmentally sustainable manner, the National Tourism Policy was formulated in the year 2002. Broadly, the “Policy” attempts to:-

•        Position tourism as a major engine of economic growth;

•        Harness the direct and multiplier effects of tourism for employment generation, economic development and providing impetus to rural tourism;

•        Focus on domestic tourism as a major driver of tourism growth.

•        Position India as a global brand to take advantage of the burgeoning global travel trade and the vast untapped potential of India as a destination;

•        Acknowledges the critical role of private sector with government working as a pro-active facilitator and catalyst;

•        Create and develop integrated tourism circuits based on India’s unique civilization, heritage, and culture in partnership with States, private sector and other agencies; and

•        Ensure that the tourist to India gets physically invigorated, mentally rejuvenated, culturally enriched, spiritually elevated and “feel India from within”.

 

Waste Management: Project Opportunities in West Bengal

PROFILE:

Waste management is the collection, transport, processing or disposal, managing and monitoring of waste materials. The term usually relates to materials produced by human activity, and the process is generally undertaken to reduce their effect on health, the environment or aesthetics. Waste management is a distinct practice from resource recovery which focuses on delaying the rate of consumption of natural resources. The management of wastes treats all materials as a single class, whether solid, liquid, gaseous or radioactive substances, and tried to reduce the harmful environmental impacts of each through different methods.

RESOURCES:

There are 609 hazardous waste generating units in West Bengal. Amongst the nineteen districts of the state, two districts (Darjeeling and South Dinajpur) do not generate hazardous waste. The total quantum of hazardous waste generation from West Bengal is 2,59,776.24 metric tonnes per annum. (MTPA), out of which 46 per cent (1,20,596.41 MTPA) is landfillable, 49 per cent (1,26,596.38 MTPA) is recyclable and the remaining 5 per cent (12,583.45 MTPA) is incinerable by nature. Interestingly, it was observed that the majority of hazardous waste generating units in the state is small and is generating meagre quantity of waste, whereas the units generating substantial amount of hazardous wastes are limited in number.

 

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

The Central Government notified the Municipal Solid Wastes (Management & Handling) Rules 2000 under Sections 3, 6 and 25 of the Environment (Protection) Act 1986 for the purpose of managing municipal and urban wastes/garbage in an environmentally sound manner. Government of West Bengal are the nodal agencies for technical guidance and preparation of project report for the development of municipal solid waste management plan for the municipal authorities situated within Kolkata Metropolitan Area (KMA) and Non-KMA areas respectively. National policy on waste management is set out in the October 1998 policy statement on waste management- Changing our Ways. It outlines the Government's policy objectives in relation to waste management, and suggests some key issues and considerations that must be addressed to achieve these objectives. The policy is firmly grounded in an internationally recognised hierarchy of options, namely prevention, minimisation, reuse/recycling, and the environmentally sustainable disposal of waste which cannot be prevented or recovered.

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Manufacturing Business of Plastic Optical Lenses

Traditional glass lenses can be replaced by plastic optical lenses. They're constructed of an inert, pliable polymer that allows you to design frames that don't distort your eyesight or disrupt your eye socket's natural shape. Because they're so light, you won't even notice you're wearing them! Optical lenses are light-focusing or diverging optical components that focus or diverge light. Optical lenses are used in a variety of fields, such as life sciences, photography, industry, and defence. The profile or substrate of a lens affects how light flows through it. A lens is a refractory transmissive optical device that alters the focal length of a light beam. A simple lens is made up of a single piece of material, whereas a compound lens is made up of numerous simple lenses (elements) connected by a common axis. Lenses are made of transparent materials that have been ground and polished into the right shape, such as glass. The great majority of lenses are spherical, with two sphere sections on each surface. Convex (bulging outwards from the lens), concave (depressed into the lens), or planar (no bulging outwardly from the lens) surfaces are possible (flat). The lens axis is the line that connects the centres of the spheres that make up the lens surfaces. A magnifying glass is a frame that contains a single convex lens and a handle or stand. Myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia, and astigmatism, among other vision abnormalities, can be treated using lenses. Monoculars, binoculars, telescopes, microscopes, cameras, and projectors are some of the additional applications. When used on the human eye, some of these instruments provide a simulated image; others create a real image that may be captured on photographic film or an optical sensor, or displayed on a screen. The Abbe number refers to a lens's dispersion, which is the property most closely linked to its optical performance of all its properties. Lower Abbe numbers imply chromatic aberration (colour fringes above/below or to the left/right of a high contrast object), which is more common in larger diameter lenses with stronger prescriptions (4D or greater). Lower Abbe numbers are an inherent characteristic of mid and higher index lenses, regardless of the material employed. The Abbe number for a material at a specific refractive index formulation is called the Abbe value. So far, glass lenses have been employed in a wide range of applications. As a result of its brittleness and susceptibility to deterioration, plastic lenses have developed and grown in popularity. Plastic lenses beat glass lenses in terms of UV resistance, durability, and safety for use in sports or other high-intensity activities where the lens is likely to break. Plastic lenses can be coated with a variety of coatings to meet the needs of users. Optical lenses are optical components that concentrate or diverge light. Microscopes, binoculars, camera lenses, and telescopes are examples of optical lenses. Optical lenses are made of many materials, such as glass, polycarbonate, and plastic resins. Because of their multiple advantages and the increasing growth of optics-related industries, resin-based lenses are currently in the limelight. The Internet's widespread use has accelerated the adoption of mobile phones and televisions. As a result, an increasing number of people are experiencing vision issues and needing to utilise plastic lenses. These lenses feature a wide range of practical qualities, such as little distortion, shatter resistance, and strong breaking resistance, which has increased their popularity and demand significantly. Key Players • Appasamy Ocular Devices Pvt. Ltd. • Bausch & Lomb India Pvt. Ltd. • Eagle Optics Pvt. Ltd. • Essilor India Pvt. Ltd. • G K B Hi-Tech Lenses Pvt. Ltd.
Plant capacity: 20,000 Pairs per dayPlant & machinery: 10.27 Cr
Working capital: N/AT.C.I: Cost of Project: 14.73 Cr
Return: 25.00%Break even: 44.00%
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Manufacturing Business of Plastic Optical Lenses

Traditional glass lenses can be replaced by plastic optical lenses. They're constructed of an inert, pliable polymer that allows you to design frames that don't distort your eyesight or disrupt your eye socket's natural shape. Because they're so light, you won't even notice you're wearing them! Optical lenses are light-focusing or diverging optical components that focus or diverge light. Optical lenses are used in a variety of fields, such as life sciences, photography, industry, and defence. The profile or substrate of a lens affects how light flows through it. A lens is a refractory transmissive optical device that alters the focal length of a light beam. A simple lens is made up of a single piece of material, whereas a compound lens is made up of numerous simple lenses (elements) connected by a common axis. Lenses are made of transparent materials that have been ground and polished into the right shape, such as glass. The great majority of lenses are spherical, with two sphere sections on each surface. Convex (bulging outwards from the lens), concave (depressed into the lens), or planar (no bulging outwardly from the lens) surfaces are possible (flat). The lens axis is the line that connects the centres of the spheres that make up the lens surfaces. A magnifying glass is a frame that contains a single convex lens and a handle or stand. Myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia, and astigmatism, among other vision abnormalities, can be treated using lenses. Monoculars, binoculars, telescopes, microscopes, cameras, and projectors are some of the additional applications. When used on the human eye, some of these instruments provide a simulated image; others create a real image that may be captured on photographic film or an optical sensor, or displayed on a screen. The Abbe number refers to a lens's dispersion, which is the property most closely linked to its optical performance of all its properties. Lower Abbe numbers imply chromatic aberration (colour fringes above/below or to the left/right of a high contrast object), which is more common in larger diameter lenses with stronger prescriptions (4D or greater). Lower Abbe numbers are an inherent characteristic of mid and higher index lenses, regardless of the material employed. The Abbe number for a material at a specific refractive index formulation is called the Abbe value. So far, glass lenses have been employed in a wide range of applications. As a result of its brittleness and susceptibility to deterioration, plastic lenses have developed and grown in popularity. Plastic lenses beat glass lenses in terms of UV resistance, durability, and safety for use in sports or other high-intensity activities where the lens is likely to break. Plastic lenses can be coated with a variety of coatings to meet the needs of users. Optical lenses are optical components that concentrate or diverge light. Microscopes, binoculars, camera lenses, and telescopes are examples of optical lenses. Optical lenses are made of many materials, such as glass, polycarbonate, and plastic resins. Because of their multiple advantages and the increasing growth of optics-related industries, resin-based lenses are currently in the limelight. The Internet's widespread use has accelerated the adoption of mobile phones and televisions. As a result, an increasing number of people are experiencing vision issues and needing to utilise plastic lenses. These lenses feature a wide range of practical qualities, such as little distortion, shatter resistance, and strong breaking resistance, which has increased their popularity and demand significantly. Key Players • Appasamy Ocular Devices Pvt. Ltd. • Bausch & Lomb India Pvt. Ltd. • Eagle Optics Pvt. Ltd. • Essilor India Pvt. Ltd. • G K B Hi-Tech Lenses Pvt. Ltd.
Plant capacity: 20,000 Pairs per dayPlant & machinery: 10.27 Cr
Working capital: N/AT.C.I: Cost of Project: 14.73 Cr
Return: 25.00%Break even: 44.00%
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Recycling of Lithium Ion Battery Business

The popularity of smart phones and tablets has resulted in a significant increase in the demand for lithium ion batteries in recent years. Because these gadgets contain hazardous elements that must be properly disposed of to avoid contamination of the environment, it is now more important than ever to recycle these batteries. Most commercial lithium ion batteries contain transition metal oxides or phosphates, aluminium, copper, graphite, organic electrolytes containing poisonous lithium salts, and other chemicals. As a result, an increasing number of scientists are concentrating their efforts on the recycling and repurposing of spent lithium ion batteries. However, recycling expended lithium ion batteries is difficult due to their high energy density, greater safety, and low cost. Lithium-ion batteries are becoming increasingly popular. Cell phones, computers, consumer gadgets, and certain industrial applications already use them. They're used in telecom towers, solar storage systems, and electric automobiles. Lithium-ion batteries should be recycled for a variety of reasons, according to battery experts and environmentalists. The recovered materials might be utilised to build new batteries, cutting production costs. These components now account for more than half of the cost of a battery. The most expensive components of the cathode, cobalt and nickel, have seen significant price changes in recent years. The removal of any plastic, rubber, or metal pieces is the first stage in recycling a lithium ion battery. These parts are sold as raw materials after being separated from the remainder of the waste stream. The next stage is to separate all metals, which is usually done by electrolysis, which produces an acid solution that dissolves metals while leaving the bulk of other components behind. Batteries can be dismantled into groups of similar materials and reused without any additional processing. Cobalt and nickel, for example, could be employed in new batteries or as semiconductor components. Steel is created from manganese and iron, and aluminium is delivered to aluminium smelters. Despite the fact that chromium is infrequently recovered for use in steel manufacturing, it is most commonly used as a high-purity alloying agent. Lithium waste does not react with other chemicals, thus it can be disposed of properly in landfills or resold to manufacturers who will reuse it after separation. India's lithium-ion battery sector is expected to grow quickly over the next five years. One of the primary steps taken by the Indian government to drive the growth of this sector is the National Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020, which forecasts 6-7 million electric vehicles on Indian roads by 2020 and a target of 175 GW renewable energy installation by 2022. India's annual lithium-ion battery market is expected to increase at a 37.5 percent compound annual growth rate (CAGR) from now until 2030, when it would reach 132 GWh, according to projections. By 2030, the market for lithium-ion batteries will have grown from 2.9 gigawatt-hours in 2018 to around 800 gigawatt-hours. India's goal to transition from fossil fuel-based vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs) would drive up demand for batteries in the coming years. The lithium-ion battery (LiB) is now the most suitable alternative among the various existing battery technologies. With today's recycling technology, valuable metals including cobalt, nickel, manganese, lithium, graphite, and aluminium can be recovered up to 90%. These make up around 50-60% of the total battery cost, with cobalt being the most expensive.
Plant capacity: Copper: 1.4 MT Per Day | Aluminium: 0.8 MT Per Day | Graphite: 1.8 MT Per Day | Carbon Black: 0.3 MT Per Day | Lithium Cobalt Oxide: 2.5 MT Per Day | Plastic: 0.2 MT Per DayPlant & machinery: 200 Lakhs
Working capital: N/AT.C.I: Cost of Project: 422 Lakhs
Return: 27.00%Break even: 55.00%
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Start Bamboo Fiber & Yarn Manufacturing Business

Bamboo is a member of the Gramineae family, which includes over 90 genera and 1200 species. Bamboo is indigenous to the tropical and subtropical regions between 46° north and 47° south latitude in Africa, Asia, Central America, and South America. Several species from Europe and North America may also be able to thrive in moderately temperate climates. Bamboo is a plant that can grow in a variety of climates and soil types. Bamboo is a type of agroforestry crop that can be grown on terrain that isn't ideal for farming or forestry. Because the culms are hollow, they are light and may be collected and moved without the necessity of special equipment or trucks, unlike wood. It quickly separates for weaving, making it easy to handle for men and women alike. Bamboo is commonly planted on farms outside of the forest, where it is easier to handle. Processing typically does not necessitate highly specialised labour or unique expertise, and it can be started at a low cost by rural poor people. Bamboo's popularity and trade have grown in recent years. Bathrobes • Towels • Bedclothes • T-shirts • Socks • Sweaters • Summer Clothing • Mats • Curtains are all made of bamboo fibre yarn. Certain varieties can reach a height of one metre every day. Bamboo grass can be as small as one foot (30 cm) tall or as large as 100 feet tall bamboo wood plants (30 meters). Bamboo plants grow on every continent and are economically and culturally significant. Bamboo fibre and yarn are created from bamboo plants, which are grasses that thrive in tropical climates around the world. Bamboo fibre and yarn are gaining popularity because of their environmental friendliness, durability, softness, and washability, as well as their antibacterial characteristics. Bamboo fibre and yarn, on the other hand, must be processed extensively before being utilised. Bamboo fibre and yarn are created from bamboo plants, which are grasses that thrive in tropical climates around the world. Bamboo fibre and yarn are gaining popularity because of their environmental friendliness, durability, softness, and washability, as well as their antibacterial characteristics. Bamboo fibre is made from the stalks of bamboo plants, which can be found in tropical and subtropical areas all over the world. Textiles made from these stalks have been woven in Asia for thousands of years, dating back to the Han Dynasty (200 BC-AD 200), but the rest of the world has only recently discovered their beauty. Bamboo fibre is used in a variety of applications, including bathroom textiles, medicinal and hygienic clothes, bamboo fashion, and home furnishings. They are antifungal and antibacterial, have a flat surface, and are as thin as hairs. Despite growing concerns regarding its manufacturing volume, bamboo fibre demand is increasing as a result of a growing focus on environmentally friendly textile production. Increasing public awareness about environmental sustainability and conservation, as well as rising demand for natural fabrics, are expected to boost market demand throughout the forecast period. In the medium term, the usage of breakthrough eco-fiber production technologies such as enzyme technology, foam technology, and plasma technology is likely to bring up new prospects. The global Bamboo Fibers market was worth million US dollars in 2018 and is predicted to grow at a CAGR of between 2019 and 2025 to reach million US dollars by the end of 2025. Key Players • Amarjothi Spinning Mills Ltd. • Cheran Spinner Pvt. Ltd. • Gillanders Arbuthnot & Co. Ltd. • H P Cotton Textile Mills Ltd. • Lakshmi Mills Co. Ltd. • Wearit Global Ltd.
Plant capacity: 6,666 Kgs Per Day Plant & machinery: 273 Lakhs
Working capital: N/AT.C.I: Cost of Project: 725 Lakhs
Return: 26.00%Break even: 57.00%
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Start Printed Circuit Board (PCBs) Production Business

PCBs are used extensively in modern electronic products such as computers, telephones, televisions, and even smaller electronic devices such as smart watches and fitness trackers. Printed wiring boards (PWBs) are critical components that include a foundation board that supports all other parts and circuitry, as well as a patterned layer of electrical tracks printed on top. The four major components of a printed circuit board (PCB) are: • Substrate (optional): The substrate, which is usually constructed of fibreglass, is the first and most crucial phase. Fiberglass is employed in the PCB's core because it strengthens it and helps it withstand fracture. Consider the substrate to be the "skeleton" of the PCB. • Copper Layer: This layer can be copper foil or a full-on copper covering, depending on the board type. Regardless of which method is utilised, the copper's function is the same: it transmits electrical signals from the PCB to the brain and muscles, just like your nervous system. • Solder Mask: The solder mask, a polymer layer that protects the copper from short-circuiting when it comes into contact with the environment, is the third component of the PCB. The solder mask serves as the PCB's "skin" in this situation. • Silkscreen: The silkscreen is the final component on the circuit board. Part numbers, logos, symbols, switch settings, component reference, and test locations are commonly silkscreened on the component side of the board. The silkscreen is also referred to as Television sets, transistor sets, radios, amplifiers, ampligrams, stereo amplifiers, voltage stabilisers, calculators, communications equipment, power supply, public address equipment, computers, and defence and other research organisations all employ printed circuit boards. On today's PCBs, component connection leads are commonly in the shape of a little foot. As a result, they can be immediately soldered to the copper tracks and placed on the same side. This not only saves money by avoiding costly drilling and track hookups through the board, but it also allows for the use of surface mounting devices (SMDS), which are often smaller and potentially less expensive than their traditional counterparts and allow for significantly higher component packing density. Capacitors and resistors are the most common components found in SMD form. These are little rectangular blocks with metal caps on the ends that connect all of the interior electrodes. There are no cables connecting the components. PCBs can be found in practically every electronic product, from consumer electronics like PCs, tablets, cellphones, and gaming consoles to industrial and even high-tech items in the strategic and medical electronics industries. Given the importance of the PCB business in the electronics manufacturing ecosystem, an article titled 'How will the Indian PCB industry grow?' was published in the April 2016 issue of Electronics Bazaar, and included the perspectives of key industry stakeholders. The Indian market is unique in compared to the rest of the world. Because flexible circuits may reduce form factor and eliminate connectors, they are predicted to grow far faster in the worldwide market than rigid PCBs. Most Indian PCB producers, on the other hand, concentrate on single-sided, double-sided, and multi-layered PCBs with four to eight layers. The Indian electronics industry is one of the world's fastest expanding, with domestic manufacturing exceeding $100 billion and expected to reach $400 billion by 2022. As a result, the PCB industry will see significant growth. According to an ELCINA analysis, PCB consumption in the residential market is predicted to expand at a CAGR of 20.56 percent from 2015 to 2020, reaching over US$ 6 billion by 2020, up from US$ 2.38 billion currently. Key Players: • Akasaka Electronics Ltd. (2002) • Akasaka Electronics Ltd. • Amara Raja Electronics Ltd. • Ample Circuit Pvt. Ltd. • At & S India Pvt. Ltd. • B I T Mapper Integration Technologies Pvt. Ltd. • B L G Electronics Ltd.
Plant capacity: Multilayer High Density Interconnect PCBs: 40 SqMtrs. Per Day Multilayer Flex PCBs: 40 SqMtrs. Per Day | Multilayer High Power PCBs: 40 SqMtrs. Per DayPlant & machinery: 260 Lakhs
Working capital: N/AT.C.I: Cost of Project: 594 Lakhs
Return: 27.00%Break even: 58.00%
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Start Manufacturing Business of AAC Blocks from Silica Sand & Lime Stone Powder

The novel building material autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) is employed in construction. It is both environmentally friendly and provides good insulation. Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), also known as autoclaved cellular concrete (ACC) or simply autoclaved concrete, is a high-strength material manufactured by injecting steam into wet, raw concrete mixes. The shape and size of the air-filled cells created by the aeration process may vary depending on how the concrete mix is prepared and placed in moulds prior to steam injection. Because of its adaptability, AAC can be used for floor slabs, wall panels, acoustic dividers, ceiling tiles, patio covers, and even furniture. Aerated concrete (AAC) is a complete building system consisting of panels and blocks that can be used in residential, commercial, and industrial structures. AAC is a green building material that is fire-resistant, thermally efficient, solid-structured, and simple to work with. AAC has a long history in the construction industry and has established itself as a significant participant. For about 40 years, our country has been creating aerated methods, and their technological abilities and equipment are continually improving. Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Blocks have a high strength-to-weight ratio, low thermal conductivity, temperature and humidity stability, and fire resistance. It can be used in larger construction units due to its low density, which is a considerable benefit in prefabrication. In multi-story structures, significant foundation load savings are realised. As a result, in some industrialised countries, it's becoming more popular as a walling unit. Residential, multistory buildings, commercial, and industrial developments can all benefit from AAC. Natural elements such as sand, lime, and water are used to create the items. These raw components are combined to create a substance with a significant number of air pores, which is known as aerated concrete. The stiff structure of calcium silicate hydrate and the fine holes (almost 70% of the product) give AAC its excellent material characteristics. "The construction industry's autoclaved aerated concrete sector is now through a substantial expansion cycle. Because customers are looking for lower pricing, the autoclaved aerated concrete industry must compete. Although AAC is not a new construction method, it is being employed in India for the first time. Autoclaved aerated concrete ("AAC") is one of many "green" or "environmentally friendly" building materials available today, however it is still relatively obscure in India. AAC is a type of lightweight prefabricated stone. Natural aerated concrete (AAC) is a type of aerated concrete that is utilised in a variety of commercial, industrial, and residential applications. By using less material and producing less waste and pollution, AAC saves time and money. Last year, the Indian government approved 100 percent foreign direct investment in integrated township development. After China, India is currently the second most popular FDI destination. This industry will benefit from a big and expanding middle class population of more than 300 million people, a changing lifestyle, lower living costs, and so on. As a result of industrialization, urbanisation, economic development, and people's rising expectations for improved quality of life, the Indian construction industry, which is an integral part of the economy and a conduit for a significant portion of the country's development investment, is poised for growth in the coming years. The volume of cement and AAC commodities provided to the broader Indian market in a given period is referred to as the market size of cement and AAC. As a result, supply rather than demand determines market size. Between 2020 and 2025, the global autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) market is expected to increase at a CAGR of 6.0 percent, from USD 18.8 billion in 2020 to USD 25.2 billion in 2025. The market is being driven by increasing urbanisation and industrialization, infrastructural growth, higher demand for lightweight construction materials, expanding preferences for low-cost housing, and a growing focus on green and soundproof buildings. Because of increased demand for AAC blocks in both residential and non-residential enterprises, the blocks element is the largest and fastest-growing category. In addition to their insulating properties, AAC blocks have the advantage of being quick and easy to install, as the material can be routed, sanded, and cut to size on site. In terms of volume, non-residential is predicted to be the fastest-growing end-use industry in the AAC market in the next years. Aesthetics and functionality are the two most important factors to consider when designing a company organisation. AAC is the second most often used building material in the earth, after concrete. AAC is frequently produced in the form of blocks or panels. AAC blocks, unlike concrete masonry units, are solid and do not have moulded core holes. Key Players • Ashoka Pre-Con Pvt. Ltd. • Baliapatam Tiles & Business Ventures Ltd. • Biltech Building Elements Ltd. • Gannon Dunkerley & Co. Ltd. • H I L Ltd. • J K Lakshmi Cement Ltd. • Keltech Energies Ltd.
Plant capacity: 300 Cu.Mtres Per DayPlant & machinery: 600 Lakhs
Working capital: N/AT.C.I: Cost of Project: 1070 Lakhs
Return: 25.00%Break even: 51.00%
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Production Business of Glass Vials for Medicine (for Cosmetic & Other Injectable)

Glass vials are commonly used to package liquid medicines, elixirs, and other commodities that must be delivered in small quantities. Glass vial packaging is more convenient to use than plastic bottles or cardboard boxes, and it offers additional advantages such as safety, mobility, and other advantages. Vials are small glass containers that can be used to hold chemicals and food in addition to chilled medicine. To be effective, liquids, dry powders, and lyophilized substances in vials must be reconstituted before use. Because vials are the most frequent type of packaging for injectable medicines and vaccines, they are exposed to a wide variety of temperatures throughout their lives. Despite the availability of plastic vials, glass vials are extensively used in medicine to package liquids such as vaccinations and other medications. They're often packaged in brown bottles with screw-on caps, though some people prefer plastic vials to glass bottles because glass bottles can be harmful if dropped or damaged. Plastic or glass vials are commonly used in modern containers. They're commonly employed in medical and molecular biology applications to hold small amounts of liquid. Closure systems come in a variety of shapes and sizes, and they're all used on a regular basis. Screw vials (closed with a screw cap or dropper/pipette), lip vials (closed with a cork or plastic stopper), and crimp vials (closed with a cork or plastic stopper) are all examples of glass vials (closed with a rubber stopper and a metal cap). With plastic vials, other closure methods, such as 'hinge caps,' which snap shut when pressure is applied, can be used. Other names for them are flip-tops and snap caps. Vials are most commonly used in the medical field. They're utilised to organise diagnoses and specimens. Swabs are kept in tubes, which are similar to vials. In the criminal court system, forensic labs frequently use vials. The entomology division of the forensics division investigates insects and violent crimes. Killing jars are small jars used to collect and kill insects with minimal injury. In certain facilities, insects are raised from eggs kept in clear vials, allowing for more accurate monitoring of the growth process. Vials are also used by criminal investigators to try to keep crime scenes clean. Glass is still the ideal material for storing sensitive medications and injectables, and it's also used extensively in general laboratory applications. Glass shields medicines and formulations from light and moisture while allowing them to last a long time on the shelf. Glass transports some of the world's most precious liquids, from scorpion venom to insulin. Benefits of Glass Vial: The smooth, transparent surface of a glass vial allows you to visually evaluate the contents for contamination or degradation. One of the reasons why glass is the most commonly utilised container material for injectable liquids is because of this. Borosilicate glass is chemically inert, with the exception of a few acids, and will not react with other chemicals. As a result, you won't have to worry about your samples being damaged by borosilicate glass, and you can count on a lengthy shelf life. Due to its low coefficient of thermal expansion, borosilicate glass is less susceptible to thermal shock than other materials. Borosilicate glass is good for chromatography because of its characteristics. The India Glass Packaging Market is estimated to develop at a CAGR of 6.94 percent over the forecast period. Packaging manufacturing and production, as well as related enterprises, are only active in a few countries where packaging makes a significant contribution to GDP. The focus has shifted away from the country's glass packagers and toward the pharmaceutical industry. Vitamins, pharmaceuticals, and other goods stored in glass vials will not lose their aroma or taste since glass is nonporous. It decreases the possibility of evaporation or contamination from items trapped in the pores of a container. Glass is made from a variety of basic resources, including sand, and is reusable and sustainable. You can feel good about using glass vials because you're helping to save the environment. The Global Vials Market was valued at USD 3,200.2 million in 2021, and it is expected to increase at a CAGR of 6.8% over the next five years. North America is the largest market for vials. The Global Vials Market was valued at USD 3,200.2 million in 2021, and it is expected to increase at a CAGR of 6.8% over the next five years. Vials have been the standard packaging for drugs for many years and are expected to continue to be so in the future. India's pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries employ the world's second-largest workforce. The pharmaceutical business is predicted to grow in size during the next decade, according to the Indian Economic Survey 2021. The pharmaceutical market in the country is expected to grow from USD 41 billion in 2021 to USD 65 billion in 2024, and then to USD 120-130 billion by 2030. Key Players: • Elder Projects Ltd. • Haldyn Glass Ltd. • Hindusthan National Glass & Inds. Ltd. • Makcur Laboratories Ltd. • Nipro Tube Glass Pvt. Ltd. • S G D Pharma India Pvt. Ltd. • Schott Kaisha Pvt. Ltd.
Plant capacity: 2,00,000 Pcs Per DayPlant & machinery: 24 Cr
Working capital: N/AT.C.I: Cost of Project: 34 Cr
Return: 23.00%Break even: 53.00%
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Start Production Business of Micronutrient Fortified Energy Dense Food

Energy Dense Food with Micronutrient Fortification ensures that you obtain all of the critical micronutrients you need to stay healthy and eat well. Micronutrient Fortified Energy Dense Food adds vitamins A, C, B12, zinc, and iron to food and meals to give consumers the most nutritional options at every meal of the day. Deficits in one or more micronutrients, such as iron, zinc, and vitamin A, are common in low- and middle-income nations, putting millions of people's physical and mental health at danger. Fortification of foods is a low-cost method that has been shown to benefit health, the economy, and society. Food fortification has grown in popularity in LMICs over the last two decades for a variety of reasons, including increased urbanisation and rising household spending power, which has led to a greater reliance on processed foods by a larger proportion of the population. Iron insufficiency kills 0.8 million people per year (1.5 percent of all deaths), whereas vitamin A deficiency kills a similar number of people, resulting in a large number of lives lost. According to a large body of research, LSFF appears to have public health implications in both HICs and LMICs. According to a recent review of 50 trials in LMICs, iodine, folic acid, vitamin A, and iron fortification resulted in significant decreases in serious disease. Several country-level studies on the effect of food fortification on micronutrient status have yielded encouraging results. The market for micronutrient fortified foods is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6.1 percent from 2021 to 2026, reaching $172.4 million in 2020. Foods that have been supplemented with nutrients that aren't naturally present in them are known as fortified foods. These foods are designed to provide nutrition as well as health benefits. Calcium could be added to fruit juice extracts because vitamin D is commonly supplemented in milk. As a result of fortified food consumption, common nutrient-deficiency ailments such as rickets and pellagra have practically vanished, and this driver is propelling the fortified foods market forward over the projected period of 2021-2026. While mandatory food fortification has been used in high-income countries (HIC) to prevent micronutrient deficiencies since the 1920s in Europe and North America—when the first salt was iodized—it is still uncommon in LMICs, where food systems are failing to deliver nutritionally adequate diets due to the production and consumption of only a few major starchy food crops (maize, rice, wheat) with low micronutrient content and/or bioavailability.
Plant capacity: 1600 Kgs Per DayPlant & machinery: 23 Lakhs
Working capital: N/AT.C.I: Cost of Project: 56 Lakhs
Return: 28.00%Break even: 65.00%
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Ethanol from Broken Rice Production

Ethanol is a colourless, transparent liquid with a distinctive and pleasant odour. It has a moderately pleasant flavour in dilute aqueous solutions, but a scorching flavour in more concentrated solutions. Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) is a chemical substance with a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon atom in each of its molecules. Ethanol is a colourless, combustible, and mildly poisonous chemical molecule found in alcoholic beverages. It is also known as ethyl alcohol, drinking alcohol, or grain alcohol. It is commonly referred to as "alcohol" in everyday discourse. EtOH, CH3CH2OH, and C2H5OH, as well as the empirical formula C2H6O, are some of its chemical formulae (which it shares with diethyl ether). Carbohydrates have been fermented to produce ethanol since prehistoric times. This approach continues to produce all ethanol for human use as well as more than half of the ethanol used in industry. The raw ingredient is simple sugars. The yeast enzyme zymase converts simple carbohydrates to ethanol and carbon dioxide. Ethanol can be used as a standalone vehicle fuel or combined with gasoline to form "gasohol." The most common ethanol-to-gasoline blends have 10% and 85% ethanol, respectively. In the United States, about 1 billion gallons of ethanol are combined with gasoline each year. A 10% ethanol mixture will run OK in the majority of spark-ignited gasoline engines. The majority of spark-ignited gasoline engines will run fine with a 10% ethanol mixture. Most spark-ignited gasoline style engines will run well with mixtures of 10% ethanol. Anhydrous ethanol (ethanol with less than 1% water) can be blended with gasoline in varying amounts up to pure ethanol (E100), and most spark-ignited gasoline style engines will run well with mixtures of 10% ethanol (E10). The majority of cars on the road in the United States now can operate on ethanol mixes of up to 10%, and 10% ethanol fuel is required in some cities where harmful levels of auto emissions are feasible. The most common application of ethanol is in the manufacture of gasoline. The amount of greenhouse gases released during combustion is lowered when a fraction of bioethanol is added to conventional gasoline. In Europe, bioethanol blends with 5 to 10% bioethanol by volume are frequently utilised. E5 or E10 is the designation for the resulting fuel. Far larger combinations, up to and including 100 percent bioethanol vehicle operation, are typical in other parts of the world, such as South America. Flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs) can run on any combination of gasoline, methanol, or ethanol. Ethanol is also utilised in the manufacturing of paints, inks, varnishes, and alkyd resins, as well as as a heat bearer, in aerosols, and in the offshore industries, to name a few. Ethanol is used as a flavour enhancer, in winemaking, and as a foundation for a variety of drinks and confectionery. One of the most often used chemicals in medications is ethanol. Cough syrup, medical capsules, and disinfectants all contain it as a solvent and chemical reactant. Due to increased ethanol usage in sectors such as fuel additives and beverages, the India ethanol market is expected to rise from $ 2.50 billion in 2018 to $ 7.38 billion by 2024, with a CAGR of 14.50 percent from 2019 to 2024. Ethanol is a prevalent alcoholic beverage that can be found in a variety of forms such as beer, cider, wine, spirits, and ale. In an effort to minimise the country's reliance on imported crude oil, the Indian government is pressuring sugar growers to manufacture ethanol for Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs). According to the OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2018-2027, demand for biofuels is shifting to emerging economies, which are rapidly establishing policies to promote the domestic biofuels sector. Furthermore, according to market projections, developing countries will account for 84 percent of worldwide ethanol demand growth. Several countries have mandatory blending legislation that require a certain quantity of ethanol and biodiesel to be used in transportation fuel. In 2019, the global demand for industrial ethanol is expected to reach around 116.9 billion litres. Between 2020 and 2025, demand is expected to grow at a CAGR of 2.5 percent, reaching a volume of around 135.5 billion litres. Chemicals, medications, plastics, and the beverage sector, which includes cosmetics, paints, cleaning products, and alcoholic beverages, account for approximately 13-15 percent of overall ethanol consumption. Key Players: • Ammana Bio Pharma Ltd. • Ghaziabad Organics Ltd. • India Glycols Ltd. • Jeypore Sugar Co. Ltd. • Piccadily Sugar & Allied Inds. Ltd. • Shamanur Sugars Ltd.
Plant capacity: Ethanol: 30 Units per day | Cattle feed as by Product: 27 Units per dayPlant & machinery: 24 Cr
Working capital: N/AT.C.I: Cost of Project: 39 Cr
Return: 26.00%Break even: 41.00%
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Business Plan for Abrasive Grinding Wheels Business

Metalworking and machining industries employ abrasive grinding wheels to grind, shape, and polish metal products. These metalworking tools are available in a variety of shapes, sizes, and materials, each of which influences their function and performance. The cylindrical abrasive grinding wheel is the most popular form of grinding wheel (CAGW). The grinding medium for these wheels is the abrasive substance that spins between two metal hubs that keep the wheel together and allow for solid installation on the machine spindle or chuck. Natural or synthetic abrasive materials are linked together in a matrix to form grinding wheels. While some home workshop owners may be familiar with these tools, the great majority were invented and used by industry. Grinding wheels have been an integral part of this business for over 150 years. Grinding wheels are a cost-effective solution for manufacturers to shape and finish metals and other materials. Abrasives are often the only means to produce items with precise dimensions and smooth surfaces. Grinding wheels are used to cut steel and masonry blocks, sharpen knives, drill bits, and a variety of other equipment, and clean and prepare surfaces for painting or plating in practically every industrial organisation in the world today. Grinding wheels, in particular, are used to ensure that the precision of automotive camshafts and jet engine rotors is maintained. The three types of abrasive product manufacturing include abrasive grain production, bonded abrasive product production, and coated abrasive product production. Other abrasive producers use ingredients developed by abrasive grain producers to make abrasive products. When choosing grinding wheels, there are a number of critical factors to consider. Grain size, material, wheel grades, grain spacing, and bond type are five of these factors. The colour codes on the wheel's label represent all of these characteristics. Grinding wheels come in a variety of shapes and sizes, each with its own set of characteristics. Sharpening, polishing, cutting, and smoothing metal are just a few of the applications. The abrasive used, the size created, and the ultimate result all influence them. The following are some examples: The most basic grinding wheels can be found in practically each workplace on the planet. They're used in a variety of tools, including chisels. It is capable of grinding a wide variety of materials. Straight grinding wheels are similar to large-diameter grinding wheels, although they are significantly larger. The outside of circular products, such as carbide blanks, is ground with these wide-surfaced wheels. It's also used in the oil and thermal spray industries for OD grinding. Grinding wheels with a diameter of up to 36 inches are available. The cylinder, often known as the wheel ring, is used to create flat surfaces. The end face of the wheel is used for grinding. Grinding Cup Wheel: Polishing stone or concrete is one of the most common applications for Grinding Cup Wheels. Dish grinding wheels resemble cup grinding wheels, except they are shallower and have a thinner surface edge. The market is likely to be driven by rising demand for grinding and polishing applications in end-use sectors such as automotive, metal fabrication, electronics, and electrical (E&E) equipment and machinery. The product is useful for changing operational parameters in the manufacturing of automobile components, such as noise levels and high-performance engine carbon dioxide emissions, as well as component machining. The India Abrasive Market was valued at USD362.26 million in 2021, with a predicted CAGR of 6.61 percent over the next five years. Initiatives like the "Smart Cities Mission" and "Housing for all," as well as rising demand for electrical gadgets and automobiles, are propelling India's abrasive industry forward. Key Players • Carborundum Universal Ltd. • Sak Abrasive Ltd. • Sak Industries Pvt. Ltd. • Sterling Abrasives Ltd. • Wendt (India) Ltd.
Plant capacity: Resin Bonded Grinding Wheel Size (180x6): 500 Pcs Per Day | Resin Bonded Grinding Wheel Size (230x3): 740 Pcs Per Day | Vitrified Grinding Wheel Size (180x30): 235 Pcs Per Day | Vitrified Grinding Wheel Size (230x20)253 Pcs Per DayPlant & machinery: 150 Lakhs
Working capital: N/AT.C.I: Cost of Project: 343 Lakhs
Return: 28.00%Break even: 56.00%
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  • One Lac / Lakh / Lakhs is equivalent to one hundred thousand (100,000)
  • One Crore is equivalent to ten million (10,000,000)
  • T.C.I is Total Capital Investment
  • We can modify the project capacity and project cost as per your requirement.
  • We can also prepare project report on any subject as per your requirement.
  • Caution: The project's cost, capacity and return are subject to change without any notice. Future projects may have different values of project cost, capacity or return.

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