Google Search

Search

Already a Member ?

Best Business Opportunities in Meghalaya- Identification and Selection of right Project, Thrust areas for Investment, Industry Startup and Entrepreneurship Projects

Meghalaya is a state in north-east India. The name means "the abode of clouds" in Sanskrit. As of 2011, the state has a population of 2,964,007 and is the 23rd most populous in the country. The population of Meghalaya as of 2014 is estimated to be 3,211,474. Meghalaya covers an area of approximately 22,430 square kilometers, with a length to breadth ratio of about 3:1

Meghalaya is predominantly an agrarian economy. Agriculture and allied activities engage nearly two-thirds of the total work force in Meghalaya. However, the contribution of this sector to the State's NSDP is only about one-third. Agriculture in the state is characterized by low productivity and unsustainable farm practices. Despite the large percentage of population engaged in agriculture, the state imports food from other Indian states.


TOURISM

 Meghalaya has some of the thickest surviving forests in the country and therefore constitutes one of the most important ecotourism circuit’s in India. The Meghalaya subtropical forests support a vast variety of flora and fauna. Meghalaya has 2 National Parks and 3 Wildlife Sanctuaries.   Meghalaya also offers many adventure tourism opportunities in the form of mountaineering, rock climbing, and trekking and hiking, water sports etc. The state offers several trekking routes, some of which also afford an opportunity to encounter rare animals such as slow loris, assorted deer and bear. The Umiam Lake has a water sports complex with facilities such as rowboats, paddleboats, sailing boats, cruise-boats, water-scooters and speedboats. Tourism in India is a growing industry, and as per World Tourism Organization predictions, India will be a leader in using tourism as an employment generator. The State of Meghalaya must be placed in a strategic position to take advantage of this growth.

“MEGHALAYA TOURISM DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION” has been set up for developing and promotion of Tourism in Meghalaya. The Corporation shall make efforts to increase its revenue to enable to carry out promotional activities. MTDC will organize package tours not only to Cherrapunjee but to other tourist destinations; organize training for guides, etc.

INDUSTRIAL SECTOR

The New Industrial & Investment Promotion Policy is designed to facilitate investments in new sectors across the State and thus ensure accelerated and sustained growth. The Policy focuses to attract, facilitate and promote wider expectations and high end investment.

There is an urgent need to promote investment in backward and difficult but resource rich areas. Therefore the policy provides additional incentives and support for such investments.


OBJECTIVE OF THE POLICY

•        To promote investment in all sectors

•        Generate employment opportunities for the local people in the industries and allied sectors.

•        To provide special incentives for promoting local Entrepreneurs in setting up of micro, small & medium manufacturing and service enterprises.

•        Develop human resources and bring about improvements in the quality of life by promoting industries in sectors where the state has comparative advantage.

•        Achieve a balanced and growth oriented development covering the entire state through promotion of village and small scale industries.

•        Encourage need based development of local entrepreneurial skills through intensive motivation and training programmes at District, Sub-division and Block levels.

•        Provide guidance to prospective entrepreneurs by building up a data bank of project-profiles and other connected information. Special support to local entrepreneurs will be provided, and monitoring will be done to enable them to be successful.

•        Simplify rules and procedures by providing a single-window clearance facility for all investment proposals as applicable.

•        Promote Tourism, and make Meghalaya a tourist destination.

•        Promote IT as industries.

•        Promote first generation entrepreneurs. Government will encourage setting up of Entrepreneurship Development Institute by private or in PPP mode.

SALIENT FEATURES OF THE INDUSTRIAL POLICY

•        State Government believes in promoting private enterprises for speedy economic development of the State. The Government also stands committed to ensuring the healthy growth of existing industries. For this purpose, Government will ensure optimum number of industries by not permitting excess in any specific sector, thereby ensuring sustainability of existing business.

•        Enterprises promoted and managed by “Woman Entrepreneur”/physically challenged will get additional 10 % (ten percent) incentives on the State Capital Investment Subsidy.

•        Meghalaya has a long international border which needs immediate attention for development. To address this issue, 10 Kms towards the State from the International border is declared as “PRIORITY AREA” and enterprises set up within the 10 Kms area will be given special incentives to be known as “Border Area Subsidy”.

•        Government of Meghalaya recognizes:

1.       Hotels (not below two star category) and Amusement Parks.

2.       Medical and health services in the nature of nursing homes with a minimum capacity of 25 beds and Super – Specialty Health Care.

3.       Vocational training Institutes.


INDUSTRIES IDENTIFIED AS THRUST AREAS

                    Agro Based Industries :

   Horticulture – Based Units

   Biotechnology Based Units

   Medicinal Plants, Tea and Rubber

                       Animal Husbandry and Meat Processing Industries

         Development of Mineral based Industries:

      Coal-Based Industries

     Limestone Based Industries- Cement Plants, Lime Plants,

                      Calcium Carbide   Plants.

                       Electronics & Information Technology

INCENTIVES FOR LARGE AND MEDIUM SCALE INDUSTRIES

•        For large and medium scale industries, there are subsidies like capital investment subsidy, interest subsidy, power subsidy, subsidy on cost of pollution/quality-control measures, special subsidy for pioneer units in backward areas etc.

•        Exemption from the payment of applicable service tax for seven years to a "Tourism Unit"

•        Sales Tax exemption on sale of finished products for a period of seven years from the date of commercial production.

•        Reimbursement of Central Sales Tax (CST) paid on purchase of Capital Equipment installed till the date of project commissioning.

•        Partial exemption for applicable stamp duty.

INVESTMENT POLICIES

Meghalaya Government has always endeavored to set up the right kind of business climate to motivate investments in the State. In order to attract investment to the various sectors and thus contribute to the development of the economy as a whole.

The major being the industrial policy, which had been announced with a view to take advantage of the liberalized economic scenario in the country and also to keep pace with development in the national industrial sector are-

•        Generate employment opportunities for the local people in the industries and allied sectors

•        Develop human resources and bring about improvements in the quality of life by promoting industries in sectors where the state has comparative advantage. Create a conducive environment for industrial development by creation of the basic Infrastructural facilities and by setting up of industrial areas, growth centre and export promotion industrial park.

•        Provide preference to local Entrepreneurship in setting up of large, medium and small-scale units.

•        Promote local interests through joint ventures with external investors so as to facilitate technology transfer and capital flow by a package of suitable incentives.

•        Encourage setting up of export-oriented, Agro based, Mineral-based, Horticultural based and Electronic units as thrust area.

We can provide you detailed project reports on the following topics. Please select the projects of your interests.

Each detailed project reports cover all the aspects of business, from analysing the market, confirming availability of various necessities such as plant & machinery, raw materials to forecasting the financial requirements. The scope of the report includes assessing market potential, negotiating with collaborators, investment decision making, corporate diversification planning etc. in a very planned manner by formulating detailed manufacturing techniques and forecasting financial aspects by estimating the cost of raw material, formulating the cash flow statement, projecting the balance sheet etc.

We also offer self-contained Pre-Investment and Pre-Feasibility Studies, Market Surveys and Studies, Preparation of Techno-Economic Feasibility Reports, Identification and Selection of Plant and Machinery, Manufacturing Process and or Equipment required, General Guidance, Technical and Commercial Counseling for setting up new industrial projects on the following topics.

Many of the engineers, project consultant & industrial consultancy firms in India and worldwide use our project reports as one of the input in doing their analysis.

We can modify the project capacity and project cost as per your requirement.
We can also prepare project report on any subject as per your requirement.

Page 86 of 263 | Total 2626 projects in this category
« Previous   Page 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 .... 86 262 263   Next »

Add multiple items to inquiry
Select the items and then press Add to inquiry button

Select all | Clear all Sort by

Biofertilizer and Phosphate Rich Organic Manure (PROM)

Bio-fertilizers are selective live micro-organism like bacteria, fungi and algae. They provide a cost effective, eco-friendly & renewable source of nutrients. Bio-fertilizers improve the nutrient availability to the crops in which biological process is involved. Bio-fertilizers help in fixing atmospheric nitrogen, converting soil phosphate and potash into soluble forms to make them available to plants. Phosphate rich organic manure is a type of fertilizer used as an alternative to diammonium phosphate and single super phosphate. Phosphate Rich Organic Manure is produced by co-composting high-grade (32% P2O5 ± 2%) rock phosphate in very fine size (say 80% finer than 54 microns). The biofertilizers market was valued at USD 946.6 Million in 2015; the market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 14.08% from 2016 to 2022. With the increasing pressure on global food production and development in technologies of fertilizer production, the demand for fertilizers is expected to increase, which in turn would enhance the growth of the biofertilizers market. Entrepreneurs who invest in this project will be successful. Few Indian major players are as under • Abellon Agrisciences Ltd. • Agro Extracts Ltd. • Champion Agro Ltd. • Good Value Mktg. Co. Ltd. • Jupiter Biotech Ltd. • Jutlibari Tea Co. Ltd.
Plant capacity: Bio Fertilizer (Liquid) : 1000 Kgs./Day Bio Fertilizer (Solid) : 1000 Kgs./Day Micronutrients (Liquid) : 1000 Kgs./Day Micronutrients (Solid): 1000 Kgs./Day Organic Fertlizier (Liquid): 1000 Kgs./Day Organic Fertlizier (Solid):1000 Kgs./DayPlant & machinery: 183 lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : Rs 492 lakhs
Return: 27.00%Break even: 48.00%
Add to Inquiry Add to Inquiry Basket

Pan Masala, Tobacco, Zarda and Kimam

Pan Masala is a balanced mixture of betel leaf with lime, areca nut, clove, cardamom, mint, tobacco, essence and other ingredients. It is an agricultural product with herbal properties, also available in hygienic pack and pouches. The ingredients in pan masala vary widely, depending on personal taste and region. Fennel seeds are often key ingredients, since they tend to leave the mouth with a fresh feeling, and it is also possible to find cinnamon, cardamom, lime, menthol, areca nuts, betel nuts, and various other ingredients. The overall tobacco market is expected to grow at a CAGR of ~% from FY’ 2013-2018 and will reach USD 35 billion by 2018. The tobacco market in India is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6.3% over FY 2016 to FY 2020. Smoke less tobacco market India accounted proportion of 71% in the year 2017 and the trend is expected to continue throughout the forecast period of 2017-2023. Which facilitates the development of new technologies and ensure a high quality product. Few Indian major players are as under • A T C Ltd. • Alliance One Inds. India Pvt. Ltd. • Ashok & Company Pan Bahar Ltd. • B S Patel Bidi Pvt. Ltd. • Baba Global Ltd. • Baghban Packers Pvt. Ltd. • Bharath Beedi Works Pvt. Ltd.
Plant capacity: Sada Pan Masala (5 gms Pouches & 100 gms Tin Pack): 100 Kgs/Day Meetha Pan Masala (5 gms Pouches & 100 gms Tin Pack): 100 Kgs/Day Zarda Pan Masala (5 gms Pouches & 100 gms Tin Pack): 100 Kgs/Day Tobacco (Khaini) (5 gms Pouches Pack) : 100 Kgs/Plant & machinery: 13 lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : Rs 53 lakhs
Return: 32.00%Break even: 76.00%
Add to Inquiry Add to Inquiry Basket

Dry Fruits Processing (For Snack, Almond, Pistachio and Cashew Nut)

Dried fruits are one of the most popular products made by small-scale processors. Drying removes the water from fruits so that the growth of micro-organisms is inhibited. It also reduces the weight and bulk of foods which cuts down on transport and storage costs. Walnuts, Cashew nuts, Almonds, pine nuts, Pistachio provided a high calorie intake. Nuts are used by mankind for food, edible oils, spices, condiments or beverages. Nuts are a rich source of protein, dietary fibre, vitamins and minerals. This makes them a popular snack which is both tasty and nutritious. The nut and dried fruit industry in India is currently pegged at INR 15,000 crores (~ USD 2 billion) and is estimated to grow to INR 30,000 crores (~ USD 4 billion) by 2020, according to the Chairman of Royal Dried Fruits Range, a city-based dried fruits retailer. The global nuts and seeds market to grow at a CAGR of 4.5% during the period 2016-2020. This facilitates the development of new technologies and ensures a high quality product. Few Indian major players are as under • Ashoka Estate Developers Pvt. Ltd. • Goa Forest Development Corpn. Ltd. • Infragro Industries Ltd. • Kerala State Cashew Devp. Corpn. Ltd. • Kore Foods Ltd. • Kreem Foods Pvt. Ltd. • Padmavathi Cashews & Coffee Ltd.
Plant capacity: Almond Dry Fuits : 2.5 MT/Day Pista Dry Fruits : 2.5 MT/Day Cashew Nut Dry Fruits : 2.5 MT/Day Plant & machinery: 130 lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : Rs 822 lakhs
Return: 31.00%Break even: 56.00%
Add to Inquiry Add to Inquiry Basket

Layer Poultry Farming

Layer poultry farming means raising egg laying poultry birds for the purpose of commercial egg production. Layer chickens are such a special species of hens, which need to be raised from when they are one day old. They start laying eggs commercially from 18-19 weeks of age. They remain laying eggs continuously till their 72-78 weeks of age. They can produce about one kg of eggs by consuming about 2.25 kg of food during their egg laying period. India is third largest egg production and fifth in chicken meat producer in the world. India has a population of 1.2 billion and 50% of India's workforce is in agriculture. The total egg production has increased from 27.33 Billion during 2015-17 (Rainy) to 29.09 Billion during 2016-18 (Rainy) registering a growth 6.42%. As against the targeted production of 87.05 Billions of eggs during 2016-18, the total estimated production in two seasons, summer and rainy, is 55.11 Billion showing an achievement of 63.31%. As a whole there is a good scope for new entrepreneur to invest in this business. Few Indian major players are as under • C & M Farming Ltd. • Hemanth Poultry Farms Pvt. Ltd. • Hi-Tech Layer Farms Ltd. • Jai Maakali Poultry Products Pvt. Ltd. • Kasila Farms Ltd. • P S P Farms Pvt. Ltd
Plant capacity: Egg Production (Packed 30 Eggs per Tray) : 25000 Nos./Day Spent Hens : 83 Nos./DayPlant & machinery: 57 lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : Rs 239 lakhs
Return: 28.00%Break even: 35.00%
Add to Inquiry Add to Inquiry Basket

uPVC Profiles for Doors and Windows

The upvc profile is basically an extruded section of a mixture of pvc with certain additives to make it suitable for making upvc windows and doors. So, this very formulation technology is the key to make a quality profile to make the premium windows. uPVC Doors have various advantage over other doors namely they are waterproof, Termite Proof, Fire Retardant, Economical, No Wharping, Maintenance free easy to install & available in various colours shades & no hassles of Painting & Polishing. The Windows are especially made to suit the Indian climate. The profiles are made to adapt to various Indian climates like extreme heat & cold, heavy rainfall. The uPVC Windows can be broadly categorized in 2 types. The Indian UPVC doors and windows market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 7.0% during 2015-2020. The major drivers of the Indian UPVC doors and windows market are increasing new housing construction and replacement activities, which have contributed to the growth of this market. UPVC windows are expected to contribute to about 61.8% of the overall UPVC doors and windows market in terms of revenue generation by FY’2020. As a whole you can invest in this project without risk and earn
Plant capacity: 8.3 MT/DayPlant & machinery: 151 lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: Rs 681 lakhs
Return: 26.00%Break even: 58.00%
Add to Inquiry Add to Inquiry Basket

Bio-Degradable Products from Sugarcane Bagasse (Plates, Bowls, Spoons and Cups)

Bagasse is the name for the residual fibers that remain after the squeezing of sugarcanes at the sugar production. Usually, they consist of 40 – 60% cellulose, 20 – 30% hemicellulose, and about 20% lignin. Bagasse product can handle hot, wet or oily foods, and are completely compostable after use. They are soak proof, have no plastic or wax lining applied to them and can be used for both hot and cold items. More than that, they are absolutely beautiful in a light natural color. ? The demand for disposable cups, plates, bowls, spoons is increasing at a rapid rate. The global sales of disposable cups is expected to surge steadily at 5.1% CAGR, procuring revenues from sales of over 850 Bn units towards the end of 2026. Around US$ 3.6 Bn is the global disposable plates market standing in 2017 and it is estimated to reach an evaluation of about US$ 6.4 Bn by 2027. Today Bio-Degradable Products is used by Haldiram’s outlets in Delhi and NCR, Cinnabon, Delhi Airport, schools across the country and is even available on Amazon and Snapdeal. This facilitates the development of new technologies and ensures a high quality product.
Plant capacity: Bio-Degradable Products (Plates, Bowls, Spoons & Cups) :500 Kgs/DayPlant & machinery: 175 lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : Rs 233 lakhs
Return: 1.00%Break even: 69.00%
Add to Inquiry Add to Inquiry Basket

Aluminium Foil

Aluminium foil is aluminium prepared in thin metal leaves, with a thickness less than 0.2 millimetres (8 mils), thinner gauges down to 6 µm (0.2 mils) are also commonly used. Standard household foil is typically 0.016 millimetres (0.6 mils) thick and heavy duty household foil is typically 0.024 millimetres (0.9 mils). The foil is pliable, and can be readily bent or wrapped around objects. Aluminium foil is produced by rolling sheet ingots cast from molten aluminium, then re-rolling on sheet and foil rolling mills to the desired thickness, or by continuously casting and cold rolling. There are around 10 Major Aluminium Foil manufacturers in India with rolling capacity of around 10000 tons per month to cater the total demand of around 12000 tons per month in different field of pharmaceuticals and flexible packaging industries. the Global demand for aluminium foil is forecast to expand 8.7% p.a. between 2014 and 2018. As a whole there is a good scope for new entrepreneur to invest in this business. Few Indian major players are as under • Amco India Ltd. • Annapurna Foils Ltd. • Archer Metal Ltd. • E C K Haubold & Laxmi Ltd. • Flex Art Foil Ltd. • Gallium Industries Ltd.
Plant capacity: Aluminium Foil Food Grade (thickness 0.006 mm to 0.150 mm) : 24 MT/DayPlant & machinery: 310 lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: Rs 1253 lakhs
Return: 29.00%Break even: 52.00%
Add to Inquiry Add to Inquiry Basket

Readymade Khaini (Geeli)

Khaini chewing, a form of smokeless tobacco is viewed to be relatively harmless by the rural folk. Khaini is tobacco with slaked lime. The negative consequences of stress as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and reduced human performances are well studied. Stress is known to change the balance existing between the sympathetic and the parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. Khaini chewers are likely to suffer from mental and physical exhaustion, leading to stress. The data revealed that khaini consumption in Maharashtra increased to 15.5% in 2016-2017 from 14.5% in 2009-2010. Similarly, consumption of gutkha increased from 8.3% to 8.6%.smokeless tobacco products is higher among women as compared to men. For example, the consumption of betel quid with tobacco is 3.8% in women as compared to 3.6% in men. Similarly, tobacco for oral application is 8.2% among females, compared to 1.9% in males. The consumption of snuff in women is 1.3% compared to 0.4% in men.As a whole there is a good scope for new entrepreneur to invest in this business. Few Indian major players are as under • Baba Global Ltd. • DharampalPremchand Ltd. • PrabhatZarda Factory India Pvt. Ltd. • Unicorn Packers Pvt. Ltd.
Plant capacity: Geeli Readymade Khaini (Packed in 15 gms& 30 gms Size): 1 MT/DayPlant & machinery: Rs13 lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project : Rs123 lakhs
Return: 72.00%Break even: 27.00%
Add to Inquiry Add to Inquiry Basket

Corrugated Cartons

Corrugated boxes form an integral part of the packaging industry. These are found everywhere helping people shift both domestic as well as industrial items safely from one place to the other.Corrugated boxes form an integral part of the packaging industry. These are found everywhere helping people shift both domestic as well as industrial items safely from one place to the other. A corrugated box is quite strong and can withstand huge weights. These boxes are especially made of cardboard. Also there are partitions which basically protect items inside and hold them in place so as to avoid damage. The global market for corrugated boxes is forecast to grow from $63.29 billion in 2016 to reach $76.76 billion by 2021, at an estimated CAGR of 3.94% with flexography printing and slotted boxes accounted for the largest market share due to the growing demand for environment-friendly packaging and growth of the e-commerce industry.. Entrepreneurs who invest in this project will be successful. Few Indian major players are as under • Archis Packaging (India) Pvt. Ltd. • Astron Packaging Pvt. Ltd. • Brown Kraft Inds. Ltd. • D B S Packaging Pvt. Ltd. • Deccan Polypacks Ltd. • Deveshi Packaging Pvt. Ltd.
Plant capacity: Corrugated Boxes: 3500 Kgs./DayPlant & machinery: Rs 44 lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: Rs227lakhs
Return: 25.00%Break even: 56.00%
Add to Inquiry Add to Inquiry Basket

Arabic Gum

Gum arabic is a complex mixture of macromolecules of different size and composition (mainly carbohydrates and proteins).Gum Arabic, also known as Gum Acacia, is a natural gum harvested from the exterior of Acacia trees in the form of dry, hard nodules up to 50 mm in diameter, and ranging from almost colourless to brown. Its unique properties endow it with a wide range of uses in food, beverage, pharmaceutical and industrial applications. The growth of the global market is driven by the rising income levels, multiple functionalities of gum arabic in the food & beverages industry, and the rising awareness regarding the medicinal benefits of gum arabic. Global Industry Analysis and Forecast, 2017-2025,” indicate that the market, which is presently worth nearly US$ 300 Mn, will expand steadily at 5.4% CAGR.Which facilitates the development of new technologies and ensure a high quality product. Few Indian major players are as under • Continental Chemicals Ltd. • Finar Ltd. • India Glycols Ltd. • Naveen Enterprises Ltd. • Rishi Trading Co. Ltd. • Shree Gums Pvt. Ltd.
Plant capacity: Arabic Gum: 16 MT/DayPlant & machinery: Rs 81 lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: Rs361lakhs
Return: 28.00%Break even: 57.00%
Add to Inquiry Add to Inquiry Basket

Information
  • One Lac / Lakh / Lakhs is equivalent to one hundred thousand (100,000)
  • One Crore is equivalent to ten million (10,000,000)
  • T.C.I is Total Capital Investment
  • We can modify the project capacity and project cost as per your requirement.
  • We can also prepare project report on any subject as per your requirement.
  • Caution: The project's cost, capacity and return are subject to change without any notice. Future projects may have different values of project cost, capacity or return.

Add multiple items to inquiry
Select the items and then press Add to inquiry button

Page 86 of 263 | Total 2626 projects in this category
« Previous   Page 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 .... 86 262 263   Next »

About NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES

Hide »

NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES (NPCS) is a reliable name in the industrial world for offering integrated technical consultancy services. NPCS is manned by engineers, planners, specialists, financial experts, economic analysts and design specialists with extensive experience in the related industries.

Our various services are: Detailed Project Report, Business Plan for Manufacturing Plant, Start-up Ideas, Business Ideas for Entrepreneurs, Start up Business Opportunities, entrepreneurship projects, Successful Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, project report, Cost and Revenue, Pre-feasibility study for Profitable Manufacturing Business, Project Identification, Project Feasibility and Market Study, Identification of Profitable Industrial Project Opportunities, Business Opportunities, Investment Opportunities for Most Profitable Business in India, Manufacturing Business Ideas, Preparation of Project Profile, Pre-Investment and Pre-Feasibility Study, Market Research Study, Preparation of Techno-Economic Feasibility Report, Identification and Selection of Plant, Process, Equipment, General Guidance, Startup Help, Technical and Commercial Counseling for setting up new industrial project and Most Profitable Small Scale Business.

NPCS also publishes varies process technology, technical, reference, self employment and startup books, directory, business and industry database, bankable detailed project report, market research report on various industries, small scale industry and profit making business. Besides being used by manufacturers, industrialists and entrepreneurs, our publications are also used by professionals including project engineers, information services bureau, consultants and project consultancy firms as one of the input in their research.

^ Top