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Investment Opportunities & Business Ideas in Qatar, Middle East - Identification and Selection of right Project, Thrust areas for Investment, Industry Startup and Entrepreneurship Projects

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Oxygen and Nitrogen Gas Plant - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

Liquid oxygen must be handled with all the precaution required for safety with any cryogenic fluid. Gaseous Oxygen is authorized for shipment in cylinders tank and car and tube trailers. Liquid Oxygen is shipped as a cryogenic fluid in insulated cylinders insulated tank trucks and insulated tank cars. Gaseous Nitrogen is non corrosive and inert and may consequently contained in system constructed of any common metals and designed to withstand safely the pressure involved. At the temperature of liquid nitrogen ordinary carbon steels and most alloy steels lose their ductility and are considered unsatisfactory for liquid nitrogen service. Uses and Applications Applications of Oxygen include: It is used extensively in medicine for therapeutic purposes for suscitation in asphyxia and with other gases in anaesthesia. It is also used in high altitude flying deep sea diving, and as both an inhalant and power source in U.S apaces program. Industrial applications include its very wide utilization with acetylene, hydrogen and other fuel gases for such purposes as metal cutting welding hardening scaring cleaning and dehydrating. Oxygen helps increase the capacity of steel and iron furnaces on growing scale in the steel industry. One of its major uses is in the production of synthesis gas from coal natural gas or liquid fuel. Synthesis gas is in turn use to make gasoline methanol and ammonia. Oxygen is similarly employed in manufacturing some acetylene through partial oxidation of the hydrocarbons in methane. It is also used in the production of nitric acid, ethylene and other compounds in the chemical industry. Applications of Nitrogen include: Agitation of colour film solution in photographic processing, blanketing of oxygen sensitive liquids and of volatile liquid chemicals The deaeration of oxygen sensitive liquids The degassing of non ferrous metals It is used in food processing and packing, Inhibition of aerobic bacteria growth Magnesium reduction of aluminium scrap Pressurization of air craft tires and emergency bottles to open landing gear Purging and filling of electronic devices The purging and fillings of pipelines and related instruments and the treatment of alkyd resins in the paint industry etc. Market Survey The industrial gases industry covers several products oxygen nitrogen dissolved acety lene argon carbon dioxide helium and hydrogen. These find applications in various industries such as steel light and heavy engineering, petrochemicals and fertilisers chemicals and pharma ceuticals and food processing besides metal cutting and welding. Oxygen is a vital requirement in medicare. Steel and downstream industries use nearly three fourths of the output.Unlike western countries, where the industrial gases are mostly produced by gas companies and supplied to large industrial consumers in India most of the large consumers of gases have set up their own captive plants. With the expansion in steel petrochemicals automobiles and glass Industries, the demand for merchant gas market is on the rise. Accordingly, the industry is structured into two broad segments (a) the captive units set up by the users or by a gas producing company at the site of the user and (b) the independent market producers supplying gas in bulk or in cylinders to the users. Present Manufacturer Aarti Steels Ltd. Ahmedabad Gases Ltd. Akola Oil Inds. Ltd. Allied Steels Ltd. Arrow Oxygen Ltd. Arvin Liquid Gases Ltd. Asiatic Gases Ltd. Bhagawati Oxygen Ltd. Bhilai Engineering Corpn. Ltd. Bhilai Oxygen Ltd. Bhuruka Gases Ltd. Bombay Oxygen Corpn. Ltd. Corporate Ispat Alloys Ltd. Ellenbarrie Industrial Gases Ltd. Fertilisers & Chemicals, Travancore Ltd. General Foods Ltd. [Merged] Godavari Fertilisers & Chemicals Ltd. [Merged] Godawari Power & Ispat Ltd. Govind Poy Oxygen Ltd. Gujarat Ministeel Ltd. Hilltone Software & Gases Ltd. Hindustan Oxygen Gas Co. Ltd. Hindustan Wires Ltd. I L A C Ltd. India Glycols Ltd. Indian Oil Corpn. Ltd. Inox Air Products Ltd. Ispat Metallics India Ltd. [Merged] K A P Steel Ltd. Linde India Ltd. Madhav Industries Ltd. Maharshi Commerce Ltd. Mapro Industries Ltd. Modi Industries Ltd. Mohan Steels Ltd. National Oxygen Ltd. P V P Ltd. [Merged] Paushak Ltd. [Merged] Premier Cryogenics Ltd. Pushya Industrial Gases Ltd. Rukmani Metals & Gaseous Ltd. Saraogi Oxygen Ltd. Shyam Ferro Alloys Ltd. Southern Gas Ltd. Sudha Agro Oil & Chemical Inds. Ltd. Superior Air Products Ltd. [Merged] Swarup Vegetable Products Inds. Ltd. Travancore Oxygen Ltd. Vijaya Oxygen Co. Ltd. Vikas Industrial Gases Ltd. West Coast Industrial Gases Ltd.
Plant capacity: 4152 cum/Day Plant & machinery: Rs.105 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost Of Project : Rs. 286 Lakhs
Return: 23.00%Break even: 58.00%
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Stainless Steel Tubes & Pipes by Extrusion and Pilgering Process - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study

Stainless Steel is a common name for metal alloys that consist of 10.5% or more Chromium (Cr) and more than 50% Iron (Fe). Although it is called stainless a better term for it is highly stain resistant. By adding chromium to low carbon steel gives it stain resistance. The three main types of stainless steels are austenitic ferritic and martensitic. These three types of steels are identified by their microstructure or predominant crystal phase. There are different grades and surface finishes of stainless steel to suit the environment the alloy must endure. Stainless steel is used where both the properties of steel and resistance to corrosion are required. Uses and Applications Stainless steels resistance to corrosion and staining, low maintenance and familiar lustre make it an ideal material for many applications. There are over 150 grades of stainless steel of which fifteen are most commonly used. The alloy is milled into coils sheets plates bars wire and tubing to be used in cookware cutlery household hardware surgical instruments major appliances industrial equipment (for example in sugar refineries) and as an automotive and aerospace structural alloy and construction material in large buildings. Storage tanks and tankers used to transport orange juice and other food are often made of stainless steel because of its corrosion resistance and antibacterial properties. Stainless steel pipes are used in petrochemicals fertilizers dairy industries power stations and nuclear plants. Other corrosion resistant applications as of food processing industry are also significant users. These pipes are used extensively by Nuclear Fuel Corporation. Market Survey Oil sector absorbs nearly 60% of seamless pipes while some 30% are consumed by bearings and boiler manufacturers. Apart from a number of small producers in the organized sector a very large informal sector also exists. The organised secondary sector contributes substantially to the total market requirement of all large dia pipe market. Steel tubes industry is poised for a 30% growth in the wake of a growing demand in the infrastructure construction sector mainly in scaffolding in buildings. The sector has grown dramatically in the recent past at a record 20% growth owing to several infrastructure projects lined up by the government and the private sector. Present Manufacturers C S T Valinox Ltd. Choksi Tube Co. Ltd. Interfit Techno Products Ltd. Kinjal Metals Ltd. Neeka Tubes Ltd. Prakash Steelage Ltd. Ratnamani Metals & Tubes Ltd. Suraj Chemtech Ltd. Tubetec Seamless Ltd.
Plant capacity: 10 MT/DayPlant & machinery: Rs.1148 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost Of Project : Rs. 3194 Lakhs
Return: 19.00%Break even: 38.00%
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TMT Bars - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Economics

Steel is a generic name for a group of ferrous metals which due to their abundance durability versatility and low cost are most useful metallic material known to mankind. Thermo Mechanical Treatment (TMT) process for reinforcement bars is opening up new vistas in composite RCC, the re-enforcing steel is the costliest constituent (30 To 40% Per Cu. M. of concrete). This cost can be substantially reduced by using higher grades of steel re-enforcing bars. The higher yield strength of re-bars lowers the steel requirement, which results in reduced cost of construction. In India, high strength re-bars of yield strength up to 500 N/sq. mm. are produced either by cold twisting or micro-alloying or a combination of both which adds considerably to the cost of the re-enforcement bars. Thermo Mechanical Treatment (TMT) process for reinforcement bars is opening up new vistas in composite RCC, the re-enforcing steel is the costliest constituent (30 To 40% Per Cu. M. of concrete). This cost can be substantially reduced by using higher grades of steel re-enforcing bars. The higher yield strength of re-bars lowers the steel requirement, which results in reduced cost of construction. In India, high strength re-bars of yield strength up to 500 N/sq. mm. are produced either by cold twisting or micro-alloying or a combination of both which adds considerably to the cost of the re-enforcement bars. Hot working is the initial step in the mechanical working of most metals and alloys. Hot working combines the working and annealing processes by deforming metal above the recrystallisation temperature at which new grains are formed. Since most metals and alloys have relatively high recrystallisation temperatures, they must be worked at high temperatures. The principal methods of hot working are Rolling, Forging, Piercing, Drawing, Spinning, Extruding. Uses and Applications TMT bars find wide applications in different spheres as under; General purpose concrete re-enforcement structures, Bridges, Flyovers, Dams, High rise buildings, Industrial structures, Concrete roads, Underground structures Market Survey Global steel production has now crossed the 1 billion ton mark due to an upturn in steel demand during the last few years on the back of recovery in the global economy. The recovery had largely been led by increased demand for steel in China. There has also been partial recovery in key sectors such as housing, construction and automobiles in the USA and Europe. Present downturn due to global financial crises economy is in recession. Another important development in the global steel market in the last few years has been the emergence of steel intensive technologies in various user industries leading to increased usage of steel. The consumption is showing a shift from long products to flat products and special quality steels. Global steel trade has now increased to around 350 MT. The industry though continues to be fragmented with top 5 players accounting for less than 20% of the total industry capacity. Global steel manufacturers are increasingly realizing the need to have alliances and consolidation activity has picked up all over the world during the last 2-3 years. Today, Arcelor (Europe) is the largest producer of steel in the world followed by LNM-Ispat Group, Nippon Steel, JEE Holdings, Posco and Shanghai. Not in the standing the present downturn due to global financial crises, the industry is expected to bounce back during the next few years. The Indian iron and steel industry has come to occupy a dominant position in the socio-economic development of the country and it is certainly a matter of pride that India is the 7th largest crude steel-producing nation in the world. Steel production in India got a momentum with the announcement of the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 when three SAIL plants were set up in the public sector in the late 1950s and the fourth in early 1970. These plants along with IISCO (now, a part of SAIL), VISL and TISCO (now Tata Steel Ltd) were the only integrated steel producers till the eighties. Vizag Steel plant/RINL came into production in the early nineties. The steel industry in India has always been on the ascent, owing to the abundant availability of raw materials like iron ore, limestone and coal, besides relatively cheap labour, which is a major cost advantage. It is noteworthy to mention that India is the sixth largest producer of iron ore and the tenth largest producer of crude steel in the world. Steel is a core sector industry and the demand for steel affects the economy of the country.
Plant capacity: 100 MT/DayPlant & machinery: Rs.255 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Rs.3699 Lakhs.
Return: 51.00%Break even: 33.00%
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E.R.W. Galvanized Steel Pipes - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

GI Pipes/ Galvanized pipes are steel pipes covered with a protective coating of zinc that greatly reduces its tendency to corrode and extends its life expectant galvanized steel tubes are covered by a layer of zinc & are used for varied applications. These are available in various size and shapes based on the customer’s requirements. These tubes are natural corrosion resistant and hold functional durability, even in outdoor environments. Apart from preventing water corrosion, it is equally effective in dry, indoor environments. Electric Resistance Welded Pipe uses the high frequency induction heating (HFI) process to manufacture pipes ranging in nominal diameter from 219 mm (8,58 inch) to 610 mm (24 inch), and in wall thickness. In order to ensure completely smooth pipes, welds are scarfed both internally and externally. Immediate confirmations of welds are assured as pipes pass through a multi-probe ultrasonic inspection system located after the welding and scarfing stations. Following ultrasonic assessment, weld joints are induction heated to normalize the metallic structure of the weld. Normalizing also improves toughness of the steel in the region and significantly decreases the weld line corrosion effect. Prior to hydrostatic testing, pipes are sized to required tolerances before being cut to length and the ends bevelled. Weld seams is again ultrasonically tested. Pipes are inspected, weighed and can be varnished and marked prior to final inspection and dispatch, or transferred to the coating and lining plants for corrosion protection treatment. Uses & Applications These are pipes suitable for irrigation and water supply, plumbing, cold storage applications, scaffolding, antenna and telecom towers, water wells etc. GI pipes for various purposes depending upon the requirements of our customers. These pipes and tubes find diverse applications in the following sectors: Air and Water Line - Main water supply, Plumbing / Pumping, Chilled Water Line, Sewerage, Firefighting equipment, Waste water conveying, Cooling tower, Air duct, Chimney, Compressed Air line, Refrigerated line, in cold storage, Gas piping LPG cylinder supporting ring, Chemical transportation. It may be used in residential water supply lines, but not gas lines because natural gas causes the zinc to flake off and clog the system. It's not frequently used for water supply lines because the minerals in the water react with the galvanizing material and form scale, which builds up over time and will eventually clog the pipe. For industrial purpose it could be used in Industrial water lines/plant piping, Waste waterlines, Scaffoldings, Electrical Cable conduits, Gas/Natural gas pipe lines, Oil pipe lines, Cooling towers, LPG & other non-toxic gas pipelines, Cold storages, Vehicular chassis and frames, Idlers & belt conveyors Market Survey Steel pipes are primarily of two types, seamless and welded. Seamless pipes and tubes are used in both oil and non-oil sectors in a wide range of applications as line pipes, casing pipes, production tubings, drill pipes and the like. In the oil sector, API (American Petroleum Institute) standard pipes are preferred for line pipes and casing pipes. Oil sector absorbs nearly 60% of seamless pipes, while some 30% are consumed by bearings and boiler manufacturers. According to the London-based Iron and Steel Statistics Bureau (ISSB), steel tubes industry is poised for a 30% growth in the wake of a growing demand in the infrastructure construction sector, mainly in scaffolding in buildings. The sector has grown dramatically in the recent past at a record 20% growth owing to several infrastructure projects lined up by the government and the private sector. The use of steel rods and bars in stadia, railway stations, multiplexes and gas pipeline has been replaced with steel tubes, fuelling further growth potential for the tube industry. Salem plant (of Steel Authority of India) created awareness of stainless steel also in areas other than utensils. As a result, it found its way increasingly into processing industry, construction, railways and engineering industry. From 85%, the consumption of stainless steel by the utensil manufacturing sector dropped down to nearly 75%. As against the high level of stainless steel used for utensils in India, only 35% is used in the developed countries. India utilizes only about 12% of stainless steel in industrial applications as against 19% in developed countries. Out of total stainless steel produced, more than 70% of production is of SS 200 grade series, while SS 300 grade series constitutes just 15 to 20%. India also has good facilities for stainless steel long products like bars, wire rods and wires which have good prospects in Europe, USA and South East Asian region. Few Indian Major Players are as under: A N S Steel Tubes Ltd. Aravali (India) Ltd. Asrani Tubes Ltd. Bhawani Industries Ltd. Binjrajka Steel Tubes Ltd. Gemini Steel Tubes Ltd. J T L Infra Ltd. Maharashtra Seamless Ltd. Nav Bharat Tubes Ltd. Samana Steels Ltd. Surya Global Steel Tubes Ltd. Thapar Concast Ltd. Tube Investments Of India Ltd. Vallabh Steels Ltd.
Plant capacity: 60 MT/Day.Plant & machinery: Rs.701 Lakhs.
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project:Rs.2462 Lakhs.
Return: 28.00%Break even: 40.00%
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CATTLE & POULTRY FEED - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

In India the animal feed industry is of recent origin, the first animal food plant having been established in 1960. There are today as many as 14 plants in the organized sector, besides many small feed compounders, which operate in large cities. The 14 organized units have modern or semi modern equipment for manufacturing compound feeds. All of them have excellent facilities for quality control and are well equipped for chemical analysis of raw materials and the finished products. The installed capacity for all types of feeds that can be produced in the units under organized sector in India is estimated in the neighbourhood of 630000 metric tonnes a year. Taking into account the expansion plans of the organized sector, it is anticipated that the capacity of this industry in India is likely to increase rapidly. Two international Hatcheries viz. the Arbor Acres and the shaver, which started their operation in India in early 1960’s, created a large market for quality poultry feeds in North as well as in Western India. It was formed necessary to provide well-balanced feed to the hybrid birds to exploit their genetic potential to the maximum. Similarly, the compound feeds for cattle are finding large markets all over India because of the increased effort to produce more milk products. Efficient chick starter and growing mashes aid proper development of chicks and pullets. Proteins, largely of vegetable origin, in the growing mesh, encourage the normal development of pullets and help them to lay lower. These are fed to which when they are 24 hours old. USES & APPLICATIONS Feeds are used as edible materials, which are consumed by cattle and poultry and contribute energy and/or nutrients to the cattle or poultry diet. Feed is needed to produce poultry & cattle, which are substantial parts of the food industry. Poultry includes the following: Chickens, Turkeys, Ducks, Guineas, Pigeons, Pheasant, Ostrich, Peafowl and Swan etc. The size of the food industry depends on population, which is not constant. MARKET SURVEY India has the largest cattle, buffalo and goat population according to latest census. There are about 200 million cattle, 50 million buffaloes and 90 million goats in the country. About one sixth of the cattle, about half of buffalo and one fifth of goat population in world are in India. Animal husbandry plays an important role in the national life and accounts for about 10% of the national income. In particular the contributor of the cattle and buffalo to the economy is considerable. They are the main source of drought power in agricultural operations and rural transportation they provide essential, foods like milk and meal.The feed for the poultry is made up of two portions the concentrate and the balance, consisting of various grains and rice (and wheat) bran upto 20 per cent of other local by-products.The packaging of compound feeds by most units in India is in brand new funny bags, but some are using polythene-lined bags, which are very handy for export purpose.With animal feed plant coming up in high cities especially in Chennai, Kolkata and Mumbai and producing top quality poultry cattle feeds and with the resource available to these manufacturing units it is certain that animal feeds produced in India will find and instant market in the neighbouring countries. It is expected that in the next few years the animal feed industry in India would rank among the major industries of India and will be able to help the animal production programme in various countries around the world.Poultry feed is needed to produce poultry, a substantial part of the food industry. The size of the food industry depends on population, which is not constant. If today's trends continue, there is likely to be further rapid deterioration in mans environment. A fantastic world effort over the next decade at changing the altitude of people towards family size night conceivably arrest population at 2 or 3 times its present level. Some biologists feel the compulsory family regulation will be necessary to limit production. World population is exploding. More children are being born, many diseases have been cured, and the life span is increasing. Industries playing increasing roles in the struggle against world hunger include the poultry industry, which require less capital to enter than other animal industries, and the feed industry, which provides economical, feeds upon which the poultry industry depends. PRESENT MANUFACTURERS Advanced Enzyme Technologies Ltd. Allana Cold Storage Ltd. Amrit Feeds Ltd. Andhra Sugars Ltd. Arambagh Hatcheries Ltd. Aries Agro Ltd. Aries Marketing Ltd. Baramati Agro Ltd. B C L Industries & Infrastructures Ltd. Chambal Fertilisers & Chemicals Ltd. Godrej Agrovet Ltd. Goldmohur Foods & Feeds Ltd. Graintec India Ltd. Hatsun Agro Products Ltd. Indian Potash Ltd. Induss Food Products & Equipment Ltd. Intercorp Biotech Ltd. Jagat Industries Ltd. K S E Ltd. Karnataka State Agro Corn Products Ltd. Kirti Dal Mills Ltd. Kumar Food Inds. Ltd. Kwality Feeds Ltd. Lakshmi Energy & Foods Ltd. Maharashtra Agro-Inds. Devp. Corpn. Ltd. Modern India Ltd. Nova Chemie (India) Ltd. Pranav Agro Inds. Ltd. Prima Agro Ltd. Rainbow Agri Inds. Ltd. Tara Health Foods Ltd. Rasdhara Agro Exports Ltd. Rinku Polychem Ltd. S K M Animal Feeds & Foods (India) Ltd. Sakthi Beverages Ltd. Shalimar Pellet Feeds Ltd. Sharat Industries Ltd. Snam Vijaya Feeds Ltd. Sonitpur Solvex Ltd. Suguna Poultry Farm Ltd. Super Farm Products Ltd. Superhouse Ltd. Swastika Feeds Ltd. Tinna Oils & Chemicals Ltd. Unique Agro Processors (India) Ltd. Utkal Feeds Pvt. Ltd. Vegepro Foods & Feeds Ltd. Venco Research & Breeding Farm Pvt. Ltd. Venkateshwara Hatcheries Pvt. Ltd. Venky'S (India) Ltd. Vijay Agro Products Pvt. Ltd. Waterbase Ltd. Annam Feeds Ltd. Kapila Krishi Udyog Ltd. Zeus Biotech Ltd. Gajanan Extraction Ltd. Alchemist Ltd.
Plant capacity: 50 MT/DayPlant & machinery: Rs. 310 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: Rs. 646 Lakhs
Return: 1.00%Break even: 57.31%
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Aluminium Alloy from Scrap and Virgin Metal - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities

Aluminium, the second most plentiful metallic element on earth, became an economic competitor in engineering applications as recently as the end of the 19th century. It was to become a metal for its time. The emergence of three important industrial developments would, by demanding material characteristics consistent with the unique qualities of aluminium and its alloys, greatly benefit growth in the production and use of the new metal. Aluminium has been termed the versatile metal of the 20th century since it finds application right from the kitchen to the spaceship. The growing popularity of this metal has been attributed to its outstanding physical and chemical properties, viz. lightness, and high strength of its alloys, high electric and thermal conductivity, good workability and the most important of all –its resistance to corrosion. Aluminium and its alloys find extensive applications in road transport, railways and aviation due to their good strength for relatively low weight. Aluminium also finds application in chemical and food processing plants. Owing to its good electrical conductivity, it finds use in electrical industries. Its strength, brightness durability and capacity to take anodic coating and colors are the most important properties for its use for architectural purposes. The first commercial applications of aluminium were novelty items such as mirror frames, house numbers, and serving trays. Cooking utensils were also a major early market. In time, aluminium grew in diversity of applications to the extent that virtually every aspect of modern life would be directly or indirectly affected by its use. Uses Alclad: Aluminium products sometimes are coated on one or both surfaces with a metallurgically bonded, thin layer of pure aluminium or aluminium alloy. If cladding is anodic to the core, it is called Alclad. The cladding of Alclad products electrochemically protects the core at exposed edges and at abraded or corroded areas. Automotive Products: The automotive industry uses wrought aluminium for trim, bumpers, body panels, and various interior parts. Alloys for trim applications are of the aluminium-magnesium type (2xxx series). Aircraft Alloys: The need for low weight in airframes has led to the development of very high-strength aluminium alloys for use as plate, sheet, and extrusions. Rigid Container Sheet: Aluminium rigid container sheet is used mainly for container ends or container bodies. The ends for beverage cans are made of 5182 alloy and usually have tabs made from 5042 or 5082 alloy. Bright Finishing Alloys: A number of alloys are produced especially for surface finishing by bright anodizing. The common bright finishing alloys are 1100, 3002, 5252, 5657, 6463, 7016, and 7029. Building and construction application Electrical applications- Bus bar alloys, transformers Processing equipments Lightening Coal mine machinery Jigs and patterns Reflectors, powders and pastes. Market Survey India's share in world aluminium market is estimated at around 3%. India ranks fifth in bauxite production after Australia (62 mn tons), Guinea (17.50 mn tons), Brazil (16.20 mn tons) and China (10.75 mn tons). With a total output of 9.25 mn tones, the country contributes about 6% of the world's total production of 159 mn tones, India holds the fifth position in reserves base and is ahead of China with 2300 mn tones. India ranked seventh in alumina production with a total output of 3 mn tones, a share of nearly 5% of the global production of 61 mn tones. The per capita consumption of aluminium in India continues to remain abysmally low at under 1 kg as against nearly 25 to 30 kg in the US and Europe, 15 kg in Japan, 10 kg in Taiwan and 3 kg in China. Aluminium has a wide range of applications, from aircraft building to packaging, a major consumer being the electrical industry. The two sectors, electricity and transportation, account for more than half of the total off take. The key consumer industries in India are power, transportation, consumer durables, packaging and construction. Of this, power is the biggest consumer (about 44% of total) followed by infrastructure (17%) and transportation (about 10% to 12%). However, internationally, the pattern of consumption is in favor of transportation, primarily due to large-scale aluminium consumption by the aviation industry. White goods account for nearly 5% of aluminium consumption in the country. The products include electric fans, air conditioners, refrigerators and coolers. The white goods industry uses both extruded products and flats. In the transportation sector, aluminium is used for paneling, floors and windows. So far, it is not used for structural parts and bodies of automobiles. An Indian car uses only about 54 kg of aluminium against a global average of 100 to 110 kg. This sets the high potential for growth with the increase in the automobile sector. Demand for aluminium is estimated to grow at 4 to 6% per annum. The demand for the metal is expected to pick up as the scenario improves for user industries like power, infrastructure and transportation, which are all on the move. In the domestic market, the demand of aluminium is expected to touch 1.5 mn ton by 2015-16. Domestic demand for aluminium foils in 1999-00 was of the order of 41,000 ton. It had gone up to 62,000 tons by 2003-04 and to 76,700 tons in 2006-07. It is projected to reach the level of 100,000 ton by the end of the decade. Foil users, such as the pharmaceuticals, processed foods and telecommunication sectors, have been showing healthy growth. Aluminium foil industry is growing annually at around 7%. In the near future, with the phenomenal rise in disposable incomes, the foil industry is expected to receive a boost. Working couples, for instance, increasingly pack their food in aluminium foils. The growth in demand is expected to follow the increasing demand noticed in China. Few Major Players are as under:- Aravali Infrapower Ltd. Associated Aluminium Inds. Pvt. Ltd. Baheti Metal & Ferro Alloys Ltd. Balaji Aluminium Alloys Pvt. Ltd. Blue Precision Ltd. Camco Multi Metal Ltd. Century Aluminium Mfg. Co. Ltd. Dravya Industrial Chemicals Ltd. Ess Vee Alloys Pvt. Ltd. Hamco Mining & Smelting Ltd. Met Trade (India) Ltd. Namo Alloys Pvt. Ltd. National Steel & Agro Inds. Ltd. Palco Metals Ltd. Shree Pomani Metals & Alloys Ltd. Shrey Industries Ltd. Shri Lakshmi Engg. Inds. Ltd. Sudal Industries Ltd. Sun Industries Ltd. Tulya Alloy Castings Ltd.
Plant capacity: 360 MT/annumPlant & machinery: Rs. 154 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: Rs. 255 Lakhs
Return: 26.00%Break even: 55.00%
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M.S. & H.T. Nuts & Bolts - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

Fasteners have played a major role in the advancement of the human race since prehistoric days when the caveman used thongs to hold a rock into the split end of a stick to make the first axe. Since that day, the progress of fastening methods and devices includes: wooden pegs; wedges; the first iron nails; glue; rivets; welding; and today, a multitude of highly specialized fasteners that range from simple wooden clothespins to cap screws made from specialized materials for our space programs. Few of us realize the importance that fasteners play in our way of life. Less than $100 worth of fasteners represents the difference between a useless pile of parts and a finished automobile. A $75,000 crawler tractor would be nothing but scrap iron without a few hundred dollars worth of nuts and bolts. Without the variety of fastening devices available to industry, we would have to do without electricity, city water, natural gas, telephone, radios, television, refrigeration, transportation, canned and frozen foods, clothing, shelter, and in fact, almost every necessity and convenience we take for granted. Each year, the fastener industry uses over two million tons of steel to produce more than 200 billion fasteners in over two million different shapes and sizes. To keep pace with the rapidly expanding market and increasing demands for absolute reliability as well as availability, the fastener industry must continually develop new materials, improve its manufacturing and distribution techniques, invent ingenious new parts and gain prestige in the industrial world. All of these factors compile to make this one of the most complex industries that exist in the world today. Market Survey Fasteners Fasteners mainly cover nuts, bolts, screws, studs and rivets and are segmented between MS (mild steel) and HT (high tensile) fasteners. These fasteners are used in engineering systems. All types of fasteners, except high tensile and special type fasteners, are reserved for the SSI sector. MS fasteners are thus produced mostly in the unorganized sector, while HT fasteners are produced by the organized sector, as these require superior technology which SSI unorganized sector can ill afford. HT fasteners are either standard fasteners or specialized fasteners, the latter being made to meet specific customer requirements. The industry has been opened for FDI through direct route, if the products to be produced are not reserved for the SSI sector. The overall fasteners market is estimated at about Rs 28 bn. While the organized sector (HT fasteners) has a share of 65%, the balance of 35% is shared by unorganized sector and imports. The imports in 2006-07 were Rs 8 bn, leaving Rs 2 bn or 7% as the market for the unorganized sector in value terms. The market is heavily dependent on imports which have been growing at close to 28.5% in recent period. General application fasteners are catered to by the unorganized sector where brand and quality have little meaning and price is the main criteria for selection of the supplier. On the other hand, high tensile fasteners are used in engineering applications, such as in the automobile, industrial and other sectors. The varied applications include construction, railways and the domestic sectors. The market is made up of OEM or bulk market; and the replacement market (the retail market). Inspired by the phenomenal growth in the recent years, the leading companies in the organized market have regularly been expanding their capacities. The boom has been due mainly to the upswing witnessed by the automobile sector, the main end-user industry, accounting for almost half of the demand for fasteners. The four major companies in the industry are Sundaram Fasteners (turnover Rs 12 bn), the leader; Lakshmi Precision Screws (Rs 1.9 bn), Mahindra Fasteners (Rs 408.5 mn) and Sterling Tools (Rs. 1.4 bn). Other units, among the major players, are Guest Keen Williams (GKW) (Rs 1.1 bn), and Precision Fasteners (Rs 770 mn). Sundaram Fasteners (SFL) is a highly rated company and receives orders from overseas markets including those from the US (General Motors, in particular). The preferred products are radiator caps and powder metal parts. Sundaram also supplies cold extruded parts to Delphi Automotive Systems. Due to better product-mix in exports and increased sales volume, TVS group's blue chip, SFL has emerged as a strong player in the high-tensile fasteners market. Sundaram Fasteners invested Rs 250 mn for setting up of a greenfield manufacturing facility in China. The company's revenues from the Chinese operations account for 25% of its total exports. The manufacturing unit has an installed capacity of 6,000 tpa. Precision Fasteners leads in the industrial fastener segment. The company started manufacturing a wide range of Unbrako high-tensile fasteners' forged components in collaboration with SPS Technologies Inc of the US. Precision Fasteners had plans to enter the automotive fasteners market and was to target mainly the replacement segment. Its Silvasa plant capacity was being increased two-fold. Laxmi Precision Screws manufactures industrial as well as automotive fasteners. The company is reported to be developing indigenously cold-heading quality alloy steel wire which will improve the margins enabling it to compete globally. The company' turnover has progressively gone up from Rs 826 mn in 2000-01 to over Rs 1.90 bn in 2006-07 and to Rs 2.0 bn in the following year. The latter represents a growth of over 13.5% in 2006-07 and 5.8% in the following year. Few Indian Major Players are as under Agarwal Bolts Ltd. Atul Fasteners Ltd. Caparo Engineering India Pvt. Ltd. Coventry Spring & Engg. Co. Ltd. Dev Fasteners Ltd. G K W Ltd. G S Auto International Ltd. Indian Fasteners Ltd. Jaico Steel Fasteners Ltd. Lakshmi Precision Screws Ltd. Mohindra Fasteners Ltd. Patton Electro Ltd. Pooja Forge Ltd. Precision Fasteners Ltd. Quick Thread Pvt. Ltd. Rockfort Fasteners Ltd. Small Tools Mfg. Co. Of India Ltd. Sterling Tools Ltd.
Plant capacity: 600 MT/AnnumPlant & machinery: Rs. 207 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: Rs 441 Lakhs
Return: 25.00%Break even: 54.00%
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Aluminium Fluoride - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

Aluminium fluoride is used in many industrial processes. It is one of the minor constituents added to the electrolytic cells during the production of metallic aluminium. It is also used in the preparation of white enamels, as an anti-reflection coating in complex optical systems, as a constituent in welding fluxes, and in the preparation of fluorine containing glasses, Aluminium fluoride (AlF3) is an inorganic compound used primarily in the production of aluminium. This colorless solid can be prepared synthetically but also occurs in nature. It is used in the production of aluminium metal. Uses Aluminium fluoride is primarily used in the production of aluminium. It is a critical additive to the molten electrolyte in aluminium metal production. Using today's technologies, it is impossible to manufacture aluminium without AIF3. Adding AIF3 allows the electrolytic process to take place at a temperature around 850°C, which is considerably lower than the melting point for aluminium oxide (Al2O3, mp ab. 1,500°C). As a result of its temperature-lowering properties, AlF3 has a definite energy saving effect. The industrial and use categories of AlF3 are IC8, UC40 and UC43. The main use of AlF3 is as a temperature-regulating agent, a pH-regulator and as a solubility enhancer of aluminium oxide in the electrolyte solution in the production process of aluminium. The use of AlF3 as such results in a lowering of the energy consumption in the aluminium pot. The raw material (aluminium oxide) is melted and split in aluminium and oxygen. The minor downstream uses of AlF3 are for metal treatment and for optical coating as an essential component of antireflective coatings and in semiconductors. A total of 52 tonnes of AlF3 was sold to traders, for which it is also assumed that it is used for other purposes than aluminium production. As no other significant uses were reported, neither by producers nor by downstream users, it is assumed that the main application is for production of aluminium, which is in general agreement with the information provided by the producers (> 99.6% used for aluminium production). As a consequence the risk assessment will focus on this particular use. Market Survey The Indian aluminium industry’s enthusiasm to grow smelting capacity on an ambitious scale here and abroad - the wanderlust is that of Nalco - was not dimmed in any way by the adverse performance of the metal during the recession. If all projects of Hindalco get commissioned on revised schedule, then it will see smelting capacity rising to 1.7 million tonnes from 500,000 tonnes and alumina refining capacity to 6.5 million tonnes from 1.7 million tonnes by 2013. Meanwhile, Novelis acquisition has given Hindalco global leadership in that value added segment where path breaking technologies are in application. Vedanta has arrived on the Indian aluminium scene much later than Hindalco and Nalco. While it has made up for the lost time by gaining control of Balco and Madras Aluminium, Vedanta is aggressively building new capacity through greenfield and brownfield routes. Aluminium fluoride (otherwise known as aluminum trifluoride) is a crystalline powder that is slightly soluble in water. It is mainly used in the production of aluminum metal. Aluminium Fluoride is able to decrease the melting point of electrolytes in the smelting process and improve the production efficiency. It is also utilized as a flux in welding applications; in the manufacture of ceramics and glass; in the making of aluminum silicates. The aluminium fluoride industry comprises a large number of players operating the world over. Lifosa AB, South Ural Cryolite Plant OJSC, Do-Fluoride Chemicals Co. Ltd. and S. B. Chemicals are amidst the most prominent manufacturers. The electrolytic bath in an aluminium electrolysis cell contains 80% synthetic cryolite (AlF3). Operating losses of fluorine from the cell are made up almost exclusively by the addition of further AlF3. The recent global economic crisis brought to the forefront and accelerated trends in the AlF3 market which have been evident for some time. It has become even more apparent that aluminium smelting should be carried out where the producer has access to energy sources which are abundant and relatively inexpensive. Similarly AlF3, which depends more on raw materials than energy, should be manufactured where the raw materials are abundantly available at a reasonable cost. It does not matter where the customers for aluminium or AlF3 are located but it does matter where the energy and raw materials are located.
Plant capacity: 6700 MT/AnnumPlant & machinery: Rs. 518 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: Rs 1794 Lakhs
Return: 29.00%Break even: 50.00%
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Aluminium Fluoride - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

Aluminium fluoride is primarily used in the production of aluminium. It is a critical additive to the molten electrolyte in aluminium metal production. Using today's technologies, it is impossible to manufacture aluminium without AIF3. The industrial and use categories of AlF3 are IC8, UC40 and UC43. The main use of AlF3 is as a temperature-regulating agent, a pH-regulator and as a solubility enhancer of aluminium oxide in the electrolyte solution in the production process of aluminium. The use of AlF3 as such results in a lowering of the energy consumption in the aluminium pot. The minor downstream uses of AlF3 are for metal treatment and for optical coating as an essential component of antireflective coatings and in semiconductors. Aluminium & Aluminium Products Budget 2013-14 Analysis Budget provisions. The following announcements have been proposed in the Union budget 2013-14 No change in the peak rate of basic customs duty of 10% for non-agricultural products. No change in the normal rate of excise duty of 12% and the normal rate of service tax of 12% Surcharge increased from 5% to 10% on domestic companies whose taxable income exceeds Rs 10 crore. In the case of foreign companies, who pay the higher rate of corporate tax, the surcharge will increase from 2% to 5%.
Plant capacity: 6700 MT/AnnumPlant & machinery: Rs.400 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: Rs.860 Lakhs
Return: 14.00%Break even: 66.00%
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Aluminium Alloy from Scrap and Virgin Metal - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities

Aluminium, the second most plentiful metallic element on earth, became an economic competitor in engineering applications as recently as the end of the 19th century. The growing popularity of this metal has been attributed to its outstanding physical and chemical properties, viz. lightness, and high strength of its alloys, high electric and thermal conductivity, good workability and the most important of all –its resistance to corrosion. The first commercial applications of aluminium were novelty items such as mirror frames, house numbers, and serving trays. Aluminium has a wide range of applications, from aircraft building to packaging, a major consumer being the electrical industry. The two sectors, electricity and transportation, account for more than half of the total off take. The key consumer industries in India are power, transportation, consumer durables, packaging and construction. Of this, power is the biggest consumer (about 44% of total) followed by infrastructure (17%) and transportation (about 10% to 12%). Demand for aluminium is estimated to grow at 4 to 6% per annum. The demand for the metal is expected to pick up as the scenario improves for user industries like power, infrastructure and transportation, which are all on the move. In the domestic market, the demand of aluminium is expected to touch 1.5 mn ton by 2015-16. Few Major Players are as under:- Aravali Infrapower Ltd. Associated Aluminium Inds. Pvt. Ltd. Baheti Metal & Ferro Alloys Ltd. Balaji Aluminium Alloys Pvt. Ltd. Blue Precision Ltd. Camco Multi Metal Ltd. Century Aluminium Mfg. Co. Ltd. Dravya Industrial Chemicals Ltd. Ess Vee Alloys Pvt. Ltd. Hamco Mining & Smelting Ltd. Met Trade (India) Ltd. Namo Alloys Pvt. Ltd. National Steel & Agro Inds. Ltd. Palco Metals Ltd. Shree Pomani Metals & Alloys Ltd. Shrey Industries Ltd. Shri Lakshmi Engg. Inds. Ltd. Sudal Industries Ltd. Sun Industries Ltd. Tulya Alloy Castings Ltd.
Plant capacity: 360 MT/annumPlant & machinery: Rs. 154 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: Rs. 255 Lakhs
Return: 26.18%Break even: 55.69%
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