Textile processing is a general term that covers right from singeing (protruding fiber removal) to finishing and printing of fabric. The various steps a fabric goes into are singeing, desizing, bleaching, dyeing, and finishing. Bleaching is a process to make the fabric or yarn look brighter and whiter. Dyeing is a process of applying coloring matter directly on fiber without any additives. Finishing is the final process to impart the required end use finishes to the fabric and lastly the printing process on fabric which is a science as well as an art. Textile auxiliaries such as chemicals are used for all stages of the textile manufacturing process that is from pre-treatment to dyeing and printing and finishing.

Dyeing is a method for colouring a textile material in which a dye is applied to the substrate in a uniform manner to obtain an even shade with a performance and fastness appropriate to its final use. A dyestuff is a molecule which contains a chromophoric group (conjugated system) capable of interacting with light, thus giving the impression of colour.

Dyeing is what happens when different colors and shades of colors are applied to fabric. The fabric is dyed during a variety of stages of manufacturing such as dyeing the fiber or strings of yarn before it becomes an article of clothing, or dyeing pieces of fabric before it is sewn into a finished product. And, dyeing can even occur after the product is completely finished. The success of the dyeing process all relies on the type of dye chosen for each piece of fabric, and the method that is chosen for the fabric, yarn, or even the fiber.

Dyeing is one of the most important part in the textile manufacturing industry. Various types of fabric coloration are performed in dyeing section based on the requirements and demand of the buyer. Lots of traditional dyeing processes are running industrially in different manufacturing unit to dye the fabric. Different dyeing factories perform different dyeing process.

Bleachingis applied to remove pigments and natural dyes that are in the fibres and give a sort of coloration. Bleaching is chemical treatment employed for the removal of natural coloring matter from the substrate. The source of natural color is  organic compounds  with conjugated double bonds, by doing chemical bleaching  the discoloration takes place by the breaking the chromophore, most likely destroying the one or more double bonds with in this conjugated system. The material appears whiter after the bleaching.

Bleaching can be performed on all kinds of make-ups:

·         Yarn

·         Woven

·         Knitted Fabric

Objectives of Bleaching:Different types of objectives are gained by the bleaching process. Followings are the objectives of bleaching:

   1. The main objectives of bleaching are to get a sufficiently high and uniform degree of whiteness in the textile materials.

   2. To get a high and uniform absorptivity in the textile materials.

   3. Bleaching agent occur some damage to the textile materials. So bleaching must be accompanied with minimum fiber damage.

   4. To preserve a good user and technological properties of the textile materials.

   5. The process must be ecologically and financially sensible.

   6. To accelerate the next dyeing process.

India Spinning Industry has gone from strength to strength since a very long time now as it was the hub of cotton manufacturing. Cotton is not only consumed to the highest extent in India but it has also become one of the most profitable textiles in the export industry. The Spinning Industry in India is on set to hit the global market with other fabrics as well like the cotton textiles with its enthusiasm and consistency in work.

Application of coloring pattern and design to decorate the finished fabric is referred as Printing. At the time of printing the color is applied to the fabric so that the color or design is not affected at the time of washing. Textile printing is a process of applying color to fabric in definite pattern and design. Textile printing is sometime confused with dyeing. In dyeing whole fabric is uniformly colored with one color only, where as in case of textile printing more than one color is applied on the fabric to some part in defined pattern.  In textile printing, wooden blocks, stencils, engraved plates or rollers are used to apply color on the fabric. Thick dyes are used at the time printing to prevent the spreading of color beyond the limit of design.

Textile printing is used to design or color a fabric in the definite pattern. Textile fiber binds the fibers together in order to reduce friction within fibers. Textile printing is associated with dyeing where the whole fabric is uniformly covered with single color. In order to use one or more colors, defined patterns are required. Textile printing includes engraved plates, wooden blocks, rollers, stencils, and others to color fabrics. Colorants include dyes that thickened color to avoid spreading through capillary action beyond the certain limit in definite patterns. The aim of textile printing is to create attractive designs and distinct patterns for attracting the customers. Earlier, textile printing was traditionally used in India and it has evidence of using wooden blocks for printing.

Main objective of textile printing is to produce fabric with attractive design and defined pattern. On the bases of technology the global market for textile printing can be bifurcated into direct printing, discharge printing (white and color discharge) and resist painting (white and color resist). Other methods of printing include block printing, roller printing, duplex printing, screen printing, stencil printing, transfer printing, blotch printing, jet spray printing, electrostatic printing and digital printing. Digital printing is expected to witness highest growth in the forecasted period.

The demand for the textile printing is anticipated to increase globally, and this, in turn, will drive the market in the coming future. The increasing popularity of textile printing throughout international market will foster the market growth in future. People moving towards more artistic and royal choices will also positively influence the textile printing market. Increasing the double income of the middle-class people is expected to enhance the global textile printing market in the near future. Changing preferences of the people for wearing clothes will augment the global market growth in future.

Though Weaving is one of the important sector for Indian textile industry. Indian weaving industry has conventionally been one of the most promising sectors of huge employment. In fact, after agriculture, this industry is the largest provider of work force. The abundance in the raw materials, the continuous supply of cheap work force is the contributing factors behind the success of the weaving industry of India.

The manufacturing of the weaving products makes a remarkable contribution to the national GDP and even in the exports revenue. As per studies, it has been found out that the weaving industry provides employment to approximately 12.5 million people, thereby, making this industry the largest provider of rural work force. It is preceded by the agriculture sector.

 

List of Small and Medium Businesses You Can Start Today

TEXTILE DYEING & PRINTING MILL

The bleaching of the textile is done to bring the whiteness finishing in the fabric whereas dyeing for various shades. The art lies in colouring the textiles in such a manner that the colour may be fast or may not ordinarily be removed by such operations as washing, rubbing, sunlight etc. Read more

TEXTILE WEAVING MILL

The textile industry occupies a leading position in the hierarchy of the Indian manufacturing industry. It has witnessed several new directions in the era of liberalisation. While textile exports are increasing and India has become the largest exporter in world trade in cotton yarn and is an important player of readymade garments, Read more

TEXTILE BLEACHING, DYEING & FINISHING

A textile is a flexible woven material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibres often referred to as thread or yarn. Yarn is produced by spinning raw fibres of wool, flax, cotton, or other material to produce long strands. Textiles are formed by weaving, knitting, crocheting, knotting, or pressing fibres together (felt). Read more

COTTON YARN DYEING

In primitive era, the early man used to cover his body with easily available natural materials like tree leaves, bark, raw fibres and skin of hunted animals to protect them self from extremities of environment. In modern era every civilized person is to wear garments of its own preference unlike their cast or creed but as per prevalent custom and fashion. Read more

COTTON GINNING AND PRESSING

Gin implies a machine especially is for hoisting a cotton-gin. Ginning pertains to clear of seeds by a cotton-gin, whereas ginner is one who gives cotton and ginnery or gin house refers to a place where cotton is ginned. Cotton ginning & pressing is becoming a versatile industry of paramount importance, Read more

TEXTILE SOFTENERS (CATIONIC, ANIONIC & NON IONIC)

Fabric softener (also called fabric conditioner) is a conditioner used to prevent static cling and make fabric softer. It is available as a liquid, crystals, and dryer sheets and is used to both soften fabric and prevent static cling during drying. The first fabric softeners were developed by the textile industry during the early twentieth century. Read more

DYEING OF HANK YARN FOR POWER LOOM

It is difficult to separate the development of art of dyeing and the development of the synthetic dyestuff industry. Indigo and Alizarine also their methods of application were known the introduction of synthetic equivalents added nothing to the dyer’s technique. Read more

SEWING THREAD REELS

Sewing thread is a common household item and is the prime material for stitching purpose. Capren and lavsan used for the manufacture of sewing threads exhibit high chemical & physical properties. Now polypropylene yarns have replaced polyester threads. Read more

SILK REELING UNIT

Silk is the most prized of all the textile fibres. It is the continuous filament exuded by silkworm, at the end of its larval period, through a small opening under the jaws, called the spinneret. Silk is said to have played a prominent role in opening up communication line between the East and the West. Read more

WETTING OIL (TEXTILE YARN WETTING AGENT)

Wetting oils are wetting agents having oily consistency. Wetting agents are surface active agents which when added to water causes it to penetrate more easily into, or to spread over the surface, another material by reducing surface tension of the water. Wetting oils because of their growing uses in various industries are having ever increasing demand. Read more

 

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