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Best Business Opportunities in Punjab- Identification and Selection of right Project, Thrust areas for Investment, Industry Startup and Entrepreneurship Projects

Food and Agro Processing: Project Opportunities in Punjab

PROFILE:

Food processing involves any type of value addition to agricultural or horticultural produce and also includes processes such as grading, sorting and packaging which enhance shelf life of food products. The food processing industry provides vital linkages and synergies between industry and agriculture. The Food Processing Industry sector in India is one of the largest in terms of production, consumption, export and growth prospects. The government has accorded it a high priority, with a number of fiscal reliefs and incentives, to encourage commercialization and value addition to agricultural produce, for minimizing pre/post harvest wastage, generating employment and export growth. India's food processing sector covers a wide range of products fruit and vegetables; meat and poultry; milk and milk products, alcoholic beverages, fisheries, plantation, grain processing and other consumer product groups like confectionery, chocolates and cocoa products, Soya-based products, mineral water, high protein foods etc.

RESOURCES:

Punjab is a land of boundless opportunity for agro based industry. Punjab State with only 1.5 per cent geographical area of country produces 22 per cent of wheat; 12 per cent of rice and 12 per cent of cotton in the country. Priority is also being given to sugarcane, oil seeds, horticulture and forestry. The cropping intensity of the State is more than 186% and has earned it a name of food basket and granary of India. Despite rising commodity prices and the financial meltdown, the food processing industry in Punjab is bullish on growth and has lined up new launches. Fruits and vegetables which is grown in Punjab are orange, mango, grape, pear, peach, litchi, lemon, tomato, potato, cabbage, cauliflower, brinjal, and many more. National Productivity Council of India after a survey found that in Punjab availability of crop residue is of the order of 31.5 million tons. The major crop residues are rice straw, wheat straw and cotton stalk. In addition to that industrial residue/by product such as rice husk and bagasse is also available. Approximately 2 million tons of these two products are generated every year.

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

The Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MOFPI) is a ministry of the Government of India is responsible for formulation and administration of the rules and regulations and laws relating to food processing in India. The ministry was set up in the year 1988, with a view to develop a strong and vibrant food processing industry, to create increased employment in rural sector and enable farmers to reap the benefits of modern technology and to create a of surplus for exports and stimulating demand for processed food.

•        Custom duty rates have been substantially reduced on food processing plant and equipments, as well as on raw materials and intermediates, especially for export production.

•        Wide-ranging fiscal policy changes have been introduced progressively in food processing sector. Excise and Import duty rates have been reduced substantially. Many processed food items are totally exempt from excise duty.

•        Corporate taxes have been reduced and there is a shift towards market related interest rates. There are tax incentives for new manufacturing units for certain years, except for industries like beer, wine, aerated water using flavouring concentrates, confectionery, chocolates etc.

•        Indian currency, rupee, is now fully convertible on current account and convertibility on capital account with unified exchange rate mechanism is foreseen in coming years.

•        Repatriation of profits is freely permitted in many industries except for some, where there is an additional requirement of balancing the dividend payments through export earnings.

 

Automotives: Project Opportunities in Punjab

 

PROFILE:

The automotive industry in India is one of the largest in the world and one of the fastest growing globally. India's passenger car and commercial vehicle manufacturing industry is the sixth largest in the world, with an annual production of more than 3.7 million units in 2010. As of 2010, India is home to 40 million passenger vehicles. More than 3.7 million automotive vehicles were produced in India in 2010 (an increase of 33.9%), making the country the second fastest growing automobile market in the world.

RESOURCES:

The auto-components industry of India is likely to grow rapidly, given its global competitiveness, and this has strong implications for employment and income generation in Punjab. Punjab has an automotive component industry which caters largely to the lower value replacement market. This is partly the result of no significant automotive producer having set up manufacturing base in the state since the economic reforms were launched in India in 1991. The state government must adopt an imaginative plan to attract modern automotive components manufacturers to set up capacity in the state, while at the same time seeking large scale investments in the automotive sector.

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

·          The auto-components industry of India is likely to grow rapidly, given its global competitiveness, and this has strong implications for employment and income generation in Punjab. Punjab has an automotive component industry which caters largely to the lower value replacement market. This is partly the result of no significant automotive producer having set up manufacturing base in the state since the economic reforms were launched in India in 1991. The state government must adopt an imaginative plan to attract modern automotive components manufacturers to set up capacity in the state, while at the same time seeking large scale investments in the automotive sector.

 

Dairy: Project Opportunities in Punjab

PROFILE:

India is the world's highest milk producer and all set to become the world's largest food factory. Milk production alone involves more than 70 million producers, each raising one or two cows/ buffaloes primarily for milk production. The domesticated water buffalo is one of the gentlest of all farm animals; hence it can be breeded easily. The dairy sector offers a good opportunity to entrepreneurs in India.

RESOURCES:

The primary source of milk and other dairy products in Punjab is the buffalo. The state ranks at the top in the country in the availability of milk after Haryana and Gujarat. Punjab plans 100 dairies to promote dairy farming. In an effort to promote dairy farming in the state, the Government of Punjab is planning to open 100 commercial dairies to increase milk production, thus paving the way for White Revolution.

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

•        Liberalisation of the economy – dairy sector open for investment by private and foreign players

•        Abolition of the Quantitative

•        Restrictions on import of dairy products

•        Per capita consumption of milk products below international average – scope of increasing consumption

•        Amendment of the Milk and Milk Products Order (MMPO) – no restrictions on capacity installation and expansion

•        Amendment in Cold Storage Act (No licenses needed for establishing refrigerated and cold chain units for dairy products)

 

Biotechnology: Project Opportunities in Punjab

 

PROFILE

The Biotechnology sector in India is one of the fastest growing sectors of the Indian Economy. As the sector is mainly based on knowledge, it is expected that it will play an important part in shaping the Indian Economy, which is developing at a rapid pace. The Indian Biotechnology sector holds immense potential in terms of research and development, skill and cost effectiveness. As per the eight annual survey by the Association of Biotechnology-led enterprise (ABLE) and a monthly journal, Bio-Spectrum, the sector grew threefold in five years and reported a revenue of US$ 3 billion during 2009-2011 with a 17 per cent rise as compared to the previous year.

RESOURCES

Punjab's strong agricultural base presents an opportunity for leveraging it to develop the biotechnology industry in the state. The Government of Punjab has taken significant initiatives to promote biotechnology related R&D in the state.

 Two centres which form the nucleus of the biotech research in the region are the Institute for Microbial Technology (IMTECH) in Chandigarh which takes up research in microbial bio-processing and the Central same. In addition, it is also supporting the Scientific and Industrial organization (CSIO) which has been developing a number of biotech based diagnostic kits.

 The state is developing a biotechnology park in the suburbs of Chandigarh to nurture commercially viable leads through companies. Its facilities will include a biotech incubator for research and development, pilot testing and other validation facilities. The park aims to attract Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to the cluster and contribute to overall R&D in the sector. The Punjab State Council for Science and Technology will act as the single window agency for setting up business in the biotech park.

 

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

The State Govt. notified its IT-BT Policy in 2003 as part of the Industrial Policy under which special incentives are being given to promote the growth of biotech industry such as:

•        Minimum floor rates of Sales Tax.

•        No restriction on movement of capital equipment. 

•        No octroi on biotech items. 

•        Availability of power at industrial (and not commercial) power tariff.

•        Exemption from Electricity Duty.

•        Uninterrupted power supply.

 

Pharmaceuticals: Project Opportunities in Punjab

PROFILES:

The Pharmaceutical industry in India is the world's third-largest in terms of volume and stands 14th in terms of value. The Indian pharmaceuticals market is expected to reach US$ 55 billion in 2020 from US$ 12.6 billion in 2009. The pharmaceutical industry in India meets around 70% of the country's demand for bulk drugs, drug intermediates, pharmaceutical formulations, chemicals, tablets, capsules, orals and injectibles. There are about 250 large units and about 8000 Small Scale Units, which form the core of the pharmaceutical industry in India (including 5 Central Public Sector Units). These units produce the complete range of pharmaceutical formulations, i.e., medicines ready for consumption by patients and about 350 bulk drugs, i.e., chemicals having therapeutic value and used for production of pharmaceutical formulations.

 

RESOURCES:

Punjab has one of the largest Indian pharmaceutical companies domiciled in the state and has several other companies engaged in the business. There are several colleges for training skilled manpower required for the pharmaceutical industry. The state government must focus on enlarging the pharmaceutical and personal hygiene industrial product space in Punjab.

 

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

•        Industrial licensing for the manufacture of all drugs and pharmaceuticals has been abolished except for bulk drugs produced by the use of recombinant DNA technology, bulk drugs requiring in-vivo use of nucleic acids, and specific cell/tissue targeted formulations.

•        Reservation of 5 drugs for manufacture by the public sector only was abolished in Feb. 1999, thus opening them up for manufacture by the private sector also.

•        Foreign investment through automatic route was raised from 51% to 74% in March, 2000 and the same has been raised to 100%.

•        Automatic approval for Foreign Technology Agreements is being given in the case of all bulk drugs, their intermediates and formulations except those produced by the use of recombinant DNA technology, for which the procedure prescribed by the Government would be followed.

•        Drugs and pharmaceuticals manufacturing units in the public sector are being allowed to face competition including competition from imports. Wherever possible, these units are being privatized.

•        Extending the facility of weighted deductions of 150% of the expenditure on in-house research and development to cover as eligible expenditure, the expenditure on filing patents, obtaining regulatory approvals and clinical trials besides R&D in biotechnology.

•        Introduction of the Patents (Second Amendment) bill in the Parliament. It, inter-alia, provides for the extension in the life of a patent to 20 years.

 

Textiles: Project Opportunities in Punjab

PROFILES:

India Textile Industry is one of the leading textile industries in the world. India textile industry largely depends upon the textile manufacturing and export. It also plays a major role in the economy of the country. India earns about 27% of its total foreign exchange through textile exports. Further, the textile industry of India also contributes nearly 14% of the total industrial production of the country. It also contributes around 3% to the GDP of the country. India textile industry is also the largest in the country in terms of employment generation. It not only generates jobs in its own industry, but also opens up scopes for the other ancillary sectors. India textile industry currently generates employment to more than 35 million people.

RESOURCES:

Punjab is a major grower of cotton and has a long established industry of cotton spinning and weaving. The Textile Industry is also one of the largest provider of employment and accounts of almost 60% of industrial employment in the State of Punjab. It has been noted that even with high level of mechanisation, the chances of machine replacing human are minimum in the sector due to essential skill requirement. The textiles industry of Punjab already has wool and acrylic fibre base.  To sustain the thrust on textiles, some balance with manmade and blended fibre products will have to be maintained to cater to an expanding market for manmade and blended textiles. It provides employment opportunity to semi literates and lower section of the society where the incident of unemployment is most glaring. Most importantly the Textile Sector is one of the biggest employment providing sectors to women. Hence any boost to Textile Industry will definitely provide and offer opportunity of large number of employment to the youths in the State of Punjab.

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

The Ministry of Textiles in India has formulated numerous policies and schemes for the development of the textile industry in India. The government of India has been following a policy of promoting and encouraging the handloom sector through a number of programmes. Most of the schematic interventions of the government of India in the ninth and tenth plan period have been through the state agencies and co-operative societies in the handloom industries. Some of the major acts relating to textile industry include: Central Silk Board Act, 1948, The Textiles Committee Act, 1963, The Handlooms Act, 1985, Cotton Control Order, 1986, The Textile Undertakings Act, 1995 Government of India is earnestly trying to provide all the relevant facilities for the textile industry to utilize its full potential and achieve the target. The textile industry is presently experiencing an average annual growth rate of 9-10% and is expected to grow at a rate of 16% in value, which will eventually reach the target of US $ 115 billion by 2012. The clothing and apparel sector are expected to grow at a rate of 21 %t in value terms.

Tourism: Project Opportunities in Punjab

PROFILE:

Tourism in India is the largest service industry, with a contribution of 6.23% to the national GDP and 8.78% of the total employment in India. The tourism industry in India is substantial and vibrant, and the country is fast becoming a major global destination. India’s travel and tourism industry is one of them most profitable industries in the country, and also credited with contributing a substantial amount of foreign exchange. Indian Tourism offers a potpourri of different cultures, traditions, festivals, and places of interest.

RESOURCES:

Punjab, the land of five rivers and yellow fields, is a favourite tourist destination. It has an integrated cultural history consisting of ancient monuments, religious places, museums and royal palaces like Quila Mubarak. It also has wild life sanctuaries with a rare site of migratory birds. The major places of tourist interest are:- Golden Temple, Durgiana Mandir, Jallianwala bagh in Amritsar; Takhat Sri Kesgarh Sahib and Khalsa Heritage Complex at Anandpur Sahib; Bhakra Dam, Qila Androon and Moti Bagh Palace at Patiala; Wetland at Harike Pattan Sanghol for archaeological importance and Sodal Temple at Jalandhar commemorative Maharishi Balmiki Heritage, etc.

        Tourism in the State is a source of substantial revenues; employment generation; up gradation of human skills; creation of infrastructure, thus helping in the development of all other sectors of an economy. Since tourism is a composite sector, its growth requires participation of private investors at different levels. For this purpose, the State Government has also announced a tourism policy with the aim of developing tourism as a major industry of Punjab, by providing leadership and strategic direction.

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

In order to develop tourism in India in a systematic manner, position it as a major engine of economic growth and to harness its direct and multiplier effects for employment and poverty eradication in an environmentally sustainable manner, the National Tourism Policy was formulated in the year 2002. Broadly, the Policy attempts to:-

•        Position tourism as a major engine of economic growth;

•        Harness the direct and multiplier effects of tourism for employment generation, economic development and providing impetus to rural tourism;

•        Focus on domestic tourism as a major driver of tourism growth.

•        Position India as a global brand to take advantage of the burgeoning global travel trade and the vast untapped potential of India as a destination;

•        Acknowledges the critical role of private sector with government working as a pro-active facilitator and catalyst;

•        Create and develop integrated tourism circuits based on India’s unique civilization, heritage, and culture in partnership with States, private sector and other agencies; and ensure that the tourist to India gets physically invigorated, mentally rejuvenated, culturally enriched, spiritually elevated and feel India from within.

 

Waste management and recycling: Project Opportunities in Punjab

PROFILE:

Rapid industrialization last few decades have led to the depletion of pollution of precious natural resources in India depletes and pollutes resources continuously. Further the rapid industrial developments have, also, led to the generation of huge quantities of hazardous wastes, which have further aggravated the environmental problems in the country by depleting and polluting natural resources. Therefore, rational and sustainable utilization of natural resources and its protection from toxic releases is vital for sustainable socio-economic development.

Hazardous waste management is a new concept for most of the Asian countries including India. The lack of technical and financial resources and the regulatory control for the management of hazardous wastes in the past had led to the unscientific disposal of hazardous wastes in India, which posed serious risks to human, animal and plant life.

 

RESOURCES:

In Punjab, growth of population, industrialization and urbanization has resulted in generation of large volumes of solid waste. The total amount of collected solid waste from the districts includes 1108012.25 MT of municipal waste and 6695.57 MT of bio-medical waste (PPCB as cited in Statistical Abstract of Punjab, 2007). The factors contributing to the generation of solid waste are:

•      The state has registered 45% increase in its population during the last decades.

•      The state is the 7th most urbanized state in the country with urban population increasing to 33.95% against a national average of 27.8%.

•      The state has two (Ludhiana & Amritsar) cities with more than 1 million population.

•        The state supports a large number of floating populations from other states like Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh.

•      Most of the solid waste is presently disposed of on land and remains uncovered resulting in environmental pollution of surrounding area.

•        The change in life style towards consumes and discard culture is responsible for adding to municipal solid waste and changing waste composition. It also adds pressure on the existing municipal solid waste handling infrastructure, as well as, disposal sites.

 

GOVERNMENT POLICIES:

National policy on waste management is set out in the October 1998 policy statement on waste management- Changing our Ways. It outlines the Government's policy objectives in relation to waste management, and suggests some key issues and considerations that must be addressed to achieve these objectives. The policy is firmly grounded in an internationally recognised hierarchy of options, namely prevention, minimisation, reuse/recycling, and the environmentally sustainable disposal of waste which cannot be prevented or recovered.

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Hydrazine Hydrate Manufacturing Industry

Hydrazine Hydrate Manufacturing Industry. Investment Opportunities in Chemical Business Hydrazine is a colorless inorganic compound with odor similar to that of ammonia. Hydrazine hydrate is mainly used as a foaming agent in polymer foams. In agrochemicals field, it helps in manufacturing of pyrazole and its derivatives that have a significant use in pesticide chemistry because of its biological properties. Pyrazoles demonstrate antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic, antipyretic, antihelmintic, antioxidant, and herbicidal properties. Uses: Hydrazine Hydrate is primarily used as an intermediate in the production of blowing agents, but may also be used in boiler water treatment, as an intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals and agricultural products. Hydrazine hydrate is also used in the production of several drugs for veterinary applications. It is also used in the treatment of tuberculosis in the pharmaceutical field. Applications: • As rocket fuel in space application. • As energy source in fuel cells. • As blowing agent in plastic industry. • In boilers-used as oxygen scavenger for boiler feed water in energy industry. • Prevention of corrosion in boilers by formation of a magnetite corrosion "shield" in boiler surface. • In synthesis of organic nitrogen compounds which are very useful intermediates in drugs 7 pharmaceutical industries. • In making herbicides & pesticides in agro-industry. Hydrazine hydrate is possessed of several advantages: (1) With a high storage capacity, the hydrogen reserve of hydrazine hydrate is 8% (mass fraction); (2) It appears as liquid under room temperature, which can be stored and delivered safely; (3) The decomposition of hydrazine hydrate can merely generate hydrogen and ammonia gas without any solid-state byproduct. Market Outlook Global Hydrazine Hydrate Market is anticipated to reach USD 531.23 Million by 2023, growing at a CAGR of over 5%, in value terms due to the growing popularity of polymer foams as Hydrazine hydrate is primary a precursor to blowing agents in polymer foams. Moreover, the rising demand of hydrazine hydrate in the waste-water treatment industry coupled with the increasing application as fuel in eco-friendly fuel cells will ensure robust growth of the market in the next five years. Based on the concentration of hydrazine hydrate, the 60%-85% segment is expected to hold the largest market share during the forecast period owing to its use in manufacturing of veterinary drugs, chemical synthesis, polymerization, or as a blowing agent. Based on the application, the polymerization & blowing agents segment is expected to grow at the highest CAGR by 2023 due to the increasing demand of polymers in end-use industries like automobile, electronic gadgets etc. Asia-Pacific region is projected to lead the market in the next five years due to growing demand in agrochemical and wastewater treatment industries. Rising demand of polymer foams in polymer industry will have a great influence on the hydrazine hydrate market throughout the forecast timeframe. Its application in a wide range of products which includes food containers, foamed core pipes, vinyl sheets, and structural foam wood grain furniture will propel the market growth. The growth in the end-user industries such as building & construction, packaging, automotive, and furniture & bedding industries will drive the market for polymer foams in the coming eight years. Due to wide-ranging chemical properties, hydrazine hydrate finds application in numerous end-use industries. It has an odor similar to ammonia and is typically colorless. The exposure to hydrazine hydrate is restricted to some extent due to its toxic nature. High use of hydrazine hydrate in end-user, such as pharmaceuticals, agrochemical, water treatment and polymerization & blowing agent is expected to drive the market in upcoming years. Furthermore, the carcinogenic property of the hydrazine hydrate may impact the growth of the market in the forecast period. Nevertheless, increasing demand of hydrazine hydrate in polymer industries is expected offer ample opportunities in the coming years. The global hydrazine hydrate market can be segmented on the basis of end-user, concentration level, and regions. On the basis of end-user, the global market can be segregated into water treatment, pharmaceuticals, polymerization & blowing agents, and agrochemicals. Hydrazine hydrate is widely used in agrochemicals for various purposes such as insecticides, pesticides, and fungicides, which in turn is expected to fuel the global hydrazine hydrate market. On the basis of concentration level market is classified into 24%-35%, 40%-55%, 60%-85% and 100%. Hydrazine hydrate possesses applications such as foamed core pipes, structural foam wood grain furniture food containers and vinyl sheets which are expected to fuel the market growth in the forecast period. Among various applications, polymerization & blowing agents is estimated to be the largest application of the global hydrazine hydrate market. In polymerization & blowing agents segment, hydrazine hydrate is used to manufacture plastics and rubber chemicals. Derivatives of hydrazine hydrates such as azobisisobutyronitrile and azodicarbonamide are used as polymerization initiators and low temperature blowing agents. In addition, there are several other hydrazine-based chemical blowing agents such as benzene and toluenesulfonylhydrazide, which are used in low temperature applications. Steady growth in the polymer industry is expected to propel the global hydrazine hydrate market size, with its primary usage as a precursor to blowing agents in polymer foams. The demand for fertilizers and pesticides is higher in the Asia Pacific as compared to other regions such as North America, Latin America, and Europe. China and India in the region are expected to spur the hydrazine hydrate market due to the growing agrochemicals industry and rapid economic growth. Moreover, the China-based manufacturers are manufacturing hydrazine hydrate to expand its existing production facilities for satisfying local needs of hydrazine hydrate, used majorly for manufacturing azodicarbonamide (ADC) required in the polymer industry. It is expected to be the fastest growing concentration level segment of the hydrazine hydrate market, in terms of value, during the forecast period due to its ability to manufacture hydrazine salts from inorganic acids. The application of 60%-85% concentration grade of hydrazine hydrate in fuel cells as an effective substitute to hydrogen and oxygen is expected to present many opportunities to the hydrazine hydrate manufacturers. The worldwide market demand for hydrazine hydrate is 80 to 90 thousand tons a year. Consumption is roughly 32% for pesticides, 33% for foaming agents, 20% for water treatment agents and 15% for others. Demand will grow steadily in future, with demand in advanced countries declining while demand in developing countries, Asian countries in particular, growing rapidly. Due to increasing downstream demand, global hydrazine hydrate production varied from 137182 Ton in 2013 to 148616 Ton in 2017, with an average increase rate of 2.02%. In the future, we predict that this trend will continue. By 2024, global production may be 187381 ton. Few Indian major players are as under: • Aditya Chemicals Ltd. • Andhra Farm Chemicals Corpn. Ltd. • Arihant Chemicals Inds. Ltd. • Jay Chemical Inds. Ltd. • Naveen Enterprises Ltd. • S V Trading & Agencies Ltd. 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Production of Industrial Gases and Speciality Gases Mixture

Production of Industrial Gases and Speciality Gases Mixture. Investment & Business Opportunities in Oxygen, Nitrogen and Argon Gas Manufacturing Plant Industrial gases are comprised of elements, molecular compounds, or mixtures. Industrial gases belong to a special class of chemicals that functions in a large number of applications in several end user industries. They are composed at ambient temperature and pressure. These are formed in both liquid and gaseous forms. Industrial gases are specific gaseous materials produced for industrial purposes, with the most prominent ones being oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium, and hydrogen, although various other mixtures are also manufactured and provided as gas cylinders. A number of industries require these customized gases, including steel, oil and gas, chemicals and petrochemicals, biotechnology, medicine, environmental protection, and nuclear power, and the market for the same is feeding off the prosperity of each of them. Industrial gases are used in a wide range of industries, which include oil and gas, petrochemicals, chemicals, power, mining, steelmaking, metals, environmental protection, medicine, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, food, water, fertilizers, nuclear power, electronics and aerospace. Industrial gas is sold to other industrial enterprises; typically comprising large orders to corporate industrial clients, covering a size range from building a process facility or pipeline down to cylinder gas supply. Specialty Gases Specialty gases represent gases which are rare or ultra-high purity (99.995% and above). Many industries, including analytical, pharmaceutical, electronics and petrochemical benefit from the unique properties of specialty gases that help to improve yields, optimize performance and lower costs. Specialty gases are used in analytical methods such as gas and liquid chromatography as well as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and non-dispersive infrared (NDIR). Other analytical methods are described in the various subpages. Oxygen Oxygen is a gas. It is a colorless, tasteless, odourless gaseous element that constitutes 21% of the atmosphere and is found in water, in most rocks and minerals, and in numerous organic compounds, that is capable of combining with all elements except the inert gases, that is active in physiological processes, and that is involved especially in combustion processes. Oxygen is the third most abundant element in the universe after hydrogen and helium and the most abundant element. Oxygen dissolves more readily in water than nitrogen, and in freshwater more readily than seawater. Water in equilibrium with air contains approximately 1 molecule of dissolved O2 for every 2 molecules of N2 (1:2), compared with an atmospheric ratio of approximately 1:4. The solubility of oxygen in water is temperature-dependent, and about twice as much (14.6 mg•L?1) dissolves at 0°C than at 20°C (7.6 mg•L?1). Uses The largest user of oxygen is the steel industry. It is also used in the manufacture of other metals, notably copper and lead. It is more economical to use pure oxygen, or oxygen-enriched air, rather than air as this increases the reaction rates and means that smaller chemical plants can be used. Further it makes it easier to ensure that no gases such as sulfur dioxide are lost and pollute the atmosphere. The gas is also used in the manufacture of many chemicals including nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, epoxyethane and chloroethene (vinyl chloride), the precursor to PVC. Among its other uses is the burning off of carbon deposited on the fluid catalyst used in the catalytic cracking of gas oil A growing use for oxygen is in treating sewage and effluent from industry. Polluted rivers and lakes can be cleaned by dissolving oxygen gas directly into the water to encourage a better ecological balance. It is used, for example, in fish farming to provide this balance. It is also used, with sodium hydroxide, to bleach paper pulp as an alternative to chlorine dioxide or sodium chlorate (I) (sodium hypochlorite). Nitrogen Nitrogen gas is one of the most abundant resources on the planet. It makes up around 70 percent of the air around us. What makes it so special is that it is a nearly inert gas that doesn’t react with other compounds in the air. Various industries take advantage of purified nitrogen’s inert characteristics and use the gas to their advantage. Uses: Nitrogen gas is used in many varying industries—a few of them are highlighted below: • Food Packaging – Nitrogen is used to displace oxygen in food packaging. By eliminating the oxygen, the food can last longer. It can also add a cushion around the food to keep it safe from breaking in transport. • Light Bulb Production – In incandescent light bulbs, nitrogen gas is often used as a cheaper alternative to argon. • Chemical Plants – Nitrogen is used to displace oxygen and prevent explosions in highly dangerous atmospheres, such as chemical plants and manufacturing facilities. • Tire Inflation – Nitrogen offers many benefits when used to fill tires, such as giving them a longer life by reducing oxidation. It also improves tire pressure retention to give drivers better gas mileage. • Electronics – When electronics are being assembled, nitrogen gas is used for soldering. Using nitrogen reduces the surface tension to provide a cleaner breakaway from the solder site. • Stainless Steel Manufacturing – By electroplating the stainless steel with nitrogen, the finished product is stronger and resistant to corrosion. • Pollution Control – Nitrogen gas can be used to remove the VOCs in liquids before they are discarded. • Pharmaceuticals – Almost every major drug class contains some nitrogen, even antibiotics. Nitrogen, in the form of nitrous oxide, is also used as an anesthetic. • Mining – In the mining industry, nitrogen gas is used to quickly extinguish fires by eliminating the oxygen from the air. And when an area is going to be abandoned, they use nitrogen to ensure the area will not explode. Nitrogen is used to make ammonia. It is also widely used to provide an inert atmosphere, a process known as 'blanketing', principally to exclude oxygen. For example, nitrogen is used in this way in food packaging, glass making, and semiconductor manufacture. It is also used to purge out pipes prior to welding (for example, oil pipes) to ensure that no flammable vapours are left behind. Liquid nitrogen is being increasingly used to refrigerate food during transportation. Medical samples containing, for example blood, viruses for vaccinations and semen, can be stored for long periods if kept cool in liquid nitrogen. Argon Argon is a colourless, odourless, inert gas sourced through the fractional distillation of liquid air. The omnipresent argon gas exists in its natural form in the form of multiple isotopes such as 40Ar, 36Ar, and 38Ar. Owing to its inert reactivity, argon is one of the most preferred gases for shielding metals from oxidation during welding. It is also used for joining several nonferrous and ferrous alloys. Owing to these reasons, the argon gas also finds great usage in aerospace, aircraft and automotive industry where it is used to weld parts and frames. The argon gas has better thermal insulation properties than air and hence, it is one of the most widely used gases for filling the dry suits used for scuba diving. Excimer lasers, which are used for the production of microelectronic devices, use a mixture of argon, fluorine and helium. Argon is also used for a variety of other purposes. For instance, it is used in incandescent lamps and phosphorescent tubes, fire extinguishers and airbag inflation. It is also used during cryosurgery spectroscopy and decarburizing of stainless steel. Although argon is nontoxic in nature, excessive contact can lead to asphyxiation. Market Outlook India industrial gases market was valued at $ 2.1 billion in 2017 and is forecast to grow at a CAGR of over 11% to surpass $ 3.9 billion in 2023 on account of growing demand from metal industry, particularly steel. Moreover, regular capacity expansions by automobile, refinery and chemical companies coupled with increasing number of new applications of industrial gases is further augmenting demand for industrial gases in the country. Additionally, continuing growth in the country’s healthcare sector and booming food & beverages sector is anticipated to augur well for the industrial gases market in India through 2023. Growth in the market is anticipated on account of growing demand from various end user industries such as metallurgy and petrochemicals, coupled with implementation of various favorable government policies to support manufacturing sector. Various upcoming steel projects are integrating industrial gas production units to address the bulk requirements for industrial gases, thereby aiding the industrial gases market in the country. On the basis of type, the industrial gases market in India has been segmented into three categories, namely, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Argon. Region-wise, east region is forecast to dominate the industrial gases market in India over the next five years on account of various upcoming metallurgical projects coupled with presence of major steel production units in this region. Moreover, regular capacity expansions by automobile, refinery and chemical companies coupled with increasing number of new applications of industrial gases is further augmenting demand for industrial gases in the country. The Indian market for specialty gases will grow at a CAGR of more than 12% by value during 2017-2026. Specialty gases are ultra-pure gases or minor gases used in specific quantities and proportions for specialized operations in various end user applications. Owing to their unique properties and nature, specialty gases find use in many industries, improving the production process, optimizing operations, improving efficiency and reducing labor time, thus bringing down the overall cost. The two key segments set to drive the specialty gases market in the country are metal & mining and healthcare. The global industrial gases market size is projected to reach $71.0 billion by 2022, growing at a CAGR of 6.2% during the forecast period. The factors driving the growth of the market include large base of end-use industries, increasing government initiatives toward alternate sources of energy, and increasing healthcare expenditure. Rising demand from the major end-use industries such as chemicals, petrochemicals, oil and gas, and energy has resulted in the development of the global industrial gases market. With rising environmental concerns, renewable resources are witnessing a growth worldwide, thereby facilitating the market. Apart from this, increasing urbanization and industrialization in the countries of Asia-Pacific and Middle East are expected to provide a thrust to industries such as food and beverages, transportation, chemical and metal fabrication, which in turn will amplify the demand for industrial gases. Additionally, improving economic scenario, climate control initiatives, increased energy demand and healthcare needs in both the developing and developed regions are projected to contribute in the expansion of the market. Asia Pacific is the largest regional market for industrial gases owing to the growth of several associated end-user industries in this region. Asia Pacific, apart from being the largest market, is expected to be the fastest growing regional market for industrial gases. In terms of demand, Asia Pacific was followed by North America and Europe. However, these regional markets are anticipated to lose out some of their market share to the other emerging markets such as Asia Pacific and Latin America. Oxygen Gas The growth of industries such as agriculture, automobiles, beverages, chemicals, construction equipment, food, glass, medicine, ship building, space explorations, steel manufacture etc. require stable oxygen for processes; which is increasing the demand for oxygen production throughout the world. The versatile uses of oxygen in chemical industry as an oxidizing agent and catalyst are contributing to the growth of oxygen market. Oxygen consumption as breathing aids and apparatus is increasing around the globe because of the increasing pollution, which contaminates air and reduces quantity of natural oxygen in the breathing air. Liquid oxygen is extremely cold apart from its vast applications. Oxygen is being used instead of air to improve performance and capital efficiency in various industries. Oxygen can also enable and activate carbon capture processes. Oxygen is used in gasification processes, process heaters, industrial fermentation and boilers to enhance productivity. In water treatment plants, oxygen is being added directly to the waste water in order to improve the effectiveness of removing pollutants from the water. Most of the celebrities undergo oxygen facials at spas, these facials provide instant nutrition and radiance to the skin. A pressurized steam of oxygen under hyperbaric therapies fortifies the skin with vital nutrients. Nitrogen Gas The industrial nitrogen market was valued at USD 15.03 Billion in 2017 and is expected to reach USD 19.96 Billion by 2022. The market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 5.83% during the forecast period. The base year considered for the study is 2016, and the market size is projected from 2017 to 2022. Increasing wide range of applications of nitrogen gas springs across various industries such as automotive, manufacturing, and healthcare sectors is a key factor expected to drive growth of the global nitrogen gas springs market. Nitrogen gas springs are used in vehicles, furniture such as in office chairs, beds, cabinets, kitchen shelves, etc. in order to provide ease of handling and are efficient for lifting, supporting, and motion control of bonnets, hatches, doors, lids etc. However, prime application areas include automotive and industrial sectors. In addition, abundance availability of nitrogen gas, low cost, and various usable properties of the product are other major factors expected to fuel market growth in the coming years. Moreover, major advantages of nitrogen gas springs over conventional springs is expected to further drive growth of the market. Other advantages are that these are corrosion-free, heavy-duty, and have an average lifespan of around 10 years which is expected to drive market growth. Argon Gas The increase in the sale of argon is pivotally being driven by the consumption and demand from the thriving metal fabrication industry. Escalating application of argon as a cryogenic inert gas is aiding in the development of the argon gas market. Argon is used during manufacturing and storage in food and beverage and pharmaceutical packaging industry. The thriving electronics industry is also one of the pivotal industry boosting the demand for argon gas. Since argon gas provides the inert atmosphere needed for rapid cooling and heating of materials, it is used for manufacturing semiconductors, flat panels, solar pv cells and microelectronic devices in the electronics industry. The growing popularity of 3-D printed parts, components and even complete systems, is driving growth for the argon gas market. Global argon market is expected to grow over the forecast period, owing to risings demand in numerous application segments such as electronics, stainless steel and fabricated metal working markets. Argon is often substituted by helium in various sectors; however, rising helium prices are projected to boost argon demand in several applications. Growing infrastructural activities is expected to foster demand of steel which in turn is expected to drive argon market over the forecast period. Expanding automobile sector is also anticipated to increase product demand as steel is one of the main components of this sector. Increasing urbanization in emerging economies of Asia Pacific, South America and Africa are expected to drive the demand for argon for lighting purposes. In addition, rapid industrialization in these regions is expected to augment the demand for argon over the next few years. Furthermore, argon is being increasingly used for lightning purposes as it does not cause any harm to the environment. However, inhalation of argon gas is harmful to human life as excessive inhalation causes asphyxiant, which in turn can lead to death. The automobile industry is anticipated to increase demand of steel, eventually supporting the growth of the global argon market. The growing energy market is likely to increase demand of argon due to its application in insulated window and solar energy. The solar energy market demands massive volumes of argon for manufacturing process. Argon gas is used for insulation of windows to prevent the cold air from glass panes to enter inside. Growing number of malls and shopping complexes using lighting is expected to boost the market during the forecast period. Tags Industrial Gas, Industrial Gas Manufacturing, Industrial Gases Industry, Industrial Gas Manufacture, Industrial Gases Pdf, Industrial Gas Manufacturing Industry, Industrial Gas Business, Industrial Gases Production, Manufacturing of Industrial Gases, Projects on Industrial Gases, Opportunities in Industrial Gases Industry, Industrial Gases and Gas Mixtures, Oxygen & Nitrogen Gas Manufacturing, Speciality Gases, Manufacturing Process for Specialty Gases, Production of Specialty Gases, Specialty Gases Manufacturing Project Ideas, Specialty Gas Production, Specialty Gases Plant, How Oxygen is Made, Production of Oxygen Gas, Industrial Production of Oxygen, Oxygen Gas Production Plant, Oxygen Plant, Oxygen Gas Manufacturing Process, Uses And Applications of Oxygen Gas, Oxygen Manufacturing Plant Cost, Liquid Oxygen Plant in India, Manufacturing Process of Oxygen, Nitrogen Gas, Industrial Gas Manufacturing Plant, Industrial Nitrogen Gas, How is Nitrogen Produced for Industrial Applications? Nitrogen Gas Uses, Nitrogen Production Process, Industrial Preparation of Nitrogen, Nitrogen Plant Flow Diagram, Liquid Nitrogen Plant, Industrial Production of Nitrogen Gas, Process for Making Liquid Nitrogen Gas, Nitrogen Production, Manufacturing Process of Nitrogen Gas, Nitrogen Gas Plant, Producing Oxygen and Nitrogen Gases, Argon Production, Production of Argon, Argon (Ar) Gas Manufacture, Argon Gas Manufacture, Project Report on Oxygen Manufacturing Industry, Detailed Project Report on Industrial Gases Production, Project Report on Specialty Gases Plant, Pre-Investment Feasibility Study on Oxygen Manufacturing, Techno-Economic feasibility study on Nitrogen Production, Feasibility report on Nitrogen Production, Free Project Profile on Nitrogen Production, Project profile on Specialty Gases Plant, Download free project profile on Industrial Gases Production
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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E-Rickshaw Assembling

Electric Rickshaw, in short, also called as E-Rickshaw. This kind of transport vehicle are famous in many countries, this is eco-friendly vehicles for carrying passengers across the city without fuel. This is the reason these vehicles have become so popular. This e-rickshaw are popular in many countries and has been in use by many. Hundreds of thousands of electric three-wheelers - popularly called e-rickshaws - have been operating in India for over three years now. Big cities in India are currently struggling with pollution and the government is taking strong measure to overcome this by introducing new rules and regulation for diesel vehicle. Near future e-rickshaws are going to be preferable mode of public transportation and it is going to replace fuel operated rickshaws. As we all know that the demand of e-rickshaw is growing rapidly in India and other cities. Even, people in small cities in India are preferring e-rickshaws for travelling. With growing demand, manufacturing companies are planning to meet demand at any cost. E-rickshaw manufacturing companies are contributing for better weather conditions across the country. Passenger carriers held a larger share in the Indian electric rickshaw market in 2017, accounting for more than 95% revenue. They are expected to continue holding a larger market share in the coming years as well, on account of the large passenger base in the country, coupled with the growing demand for low-cost shared mobility. Indian electric rickshaw market is projected to reach 935.5 thousand units by 2023, the market growth is majorly driven by government incentives and environmental policies, and declining battery prices.
Plant capacity: 1,200 Nos per AnnumPlant & machinery: 29 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of Project: 324 Lakhs
Return: 24.00%Break even: 56.00%
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Hosiery Products (Vest, Briefs, T-Shirts & Socks)

Hosiery also referred to as legwear, describes the garments, worn directly on the feet and legs. The term hosiery is also being used for the type of knitted fabric, its weight and thickness. It is manufactured in a wide range of fabric weights, knits and colors. In general, heavier weight fabrics are stronger and more durable, but are thicker and show less of the natural skin tone. On the other hand, lighter garments look and feel more luxurious but are not strong as compared to the heavier ones. The hosiery includes categories such as sheers, support hosiery, control tops, opaques, tights, stay-ups, stockings, maternity pantyhose and run-resistant garments. The growth of the global hosiery market is driven by the robust demand for comfortable and stylish hosiery among the consumers. Changing lifestyles and demographic factors are bringing changes in demand patterns for hosiery. Further, the global demand for hosiery is increasing due to the increasing employment rate across various countries in the world. Further, rising disposable income is expected to intensify the growth of the global hosiery market. Moreover, rapid urbanization is anticipated to positively impact the growth of the hosiery market. Rising personal disposable income along with changing lifestyle is anticipated to expand the growth of global hosiery market during the forecast period. Apart from this, propagation of modern retail formats such as supermarkets, discount stores, and pharmacy stores is resulting in increasing product visibility. This enables easier accessibility to clothing products such as hosiery to consumers. The increasing sales from online commerce sector is fuelling the growth of global hosiery market as it saves the time of buyers and offer various discounts on the products. Thus, the online store is expected to be the fastest growing segment which is anticipated to expand the growth of global hosiery market over the forecast period. The global hosiery market is expected to witness a steady growth attributed to considerable demand in the healthcare and fitness industry. Consumption of hosiery products is expected to remain high among women in terms of demography. Socks is predicted to witness significant demand in the global market as compared to other products. Increasing spending on fashion products coupled with growth in disposable income of consumer is anticipated to drive the demand for the hosiery market during the forecast period. Furthermore, in developing economies, rising preference towards western outfits resulting in higher spending on fashion clothing is in turn projected to drive the demand for hosiery products over the forecast period. Beside this, increasing population across the globe is also projected to drive the demand for hosiery products.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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Glass Blocks

Glass blocks or bricks are architectural products that allow light to pass through, while also providing a level of privacy or obscuration. Glass blocks are typically square in shape and can have a variety of surface treatments that affect their transparency. Glass blocks are often assembled like bricks with a grout or sealant. Some blocks come with assembly systems that provide wall anchors and vertical and horizontal spacers to precisely align the blocks. The blocks are spaced accurately and consistently using the spacers and then bonded together with silicone. The joints are finished with tile grout or mortar. Glass blocks used in prisons and detention centers, police departments, and other high-risk locations are often set in steel frames for added strength and security. Glass blocks market forecast predicts that this market will grow at a CAGR of more than 7% by 2022. Factors such as easy installation due to the availability of pre-fabricated kits and increasing use of glass block windows in houses, commercial buildings, and industrial buildings will drive the glass blocks market growth. Also, the advantages such as light-weight and privacy makes the glass blocks useful in residential, commercial, and industrial end-user segments. Global Glass Block Market is expected to grow at a positive CAGR in the predicted period. The architectural element which is made from the glass is known as the Glass block. It provides a visual obstruction while they are transfer light. The glass block is meant for the floor as well as wall in terms of applications. They are manufactured from a single solid piece, or they have a thicker side wall than the standard wall blocks which can be used for the floors normally. Glass Block Market is segmented, By Applications Bullet and Vandal Resistance, Gas insulated, Colored, Fire Resistance, etc. There are some colored variants available in the glass wall blocks. Some hollow glass wall blocks are available in colored variants. UV stable can in the same locations as the standard clear glass blocks. Other methods which are colored glass blocks are obtained and is needed to inject colored material, dye or the transparent paints which are present in the hollow center of the blocks to form the coating permanent.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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Extra Neutral Alcohol (ENA)

Extra Neutral Alcohol is a food grade alcohol. The product is used as a basic alcohol in distilled spirits like Vodka, Malawi Gin etc. In the pharmaceutical industry, Extra Neutral Alcohol is a prime carrier for a whole spectrum of medicines and is therefore used for processing a wide range of drugs. It is also a good disinfectant as methylated spirit. This colorless alcohol has a neutral smell and taste. It is used in the production of potable alcohol and also as a solvent and reactant in the pharmaceutical industry and as a carrier of flavor and fragrances. ENA is a high distilled alcohol that contains no impurities and is used for the production of alcoholic beverages, alcoholic fruit beverages and aperitifs. Owing to its properties, it serves as an essential ingredient in the manufacturing of numerous cosmetics and skin care products, as a processing aid in food industry, and as a solvent for colourants and flavours. The extra neutral alcohol (ENA) market in India has been witnessing a steady growth rate over the past few years. The market is expected to grow due to a huge shift towards the consumption of alcohol and expanding applications of ENA. Almost 90% of the ENA produced in India is used in the manufacturing of potable alcohol, production and consumption of which is continuously rising. Further, a gradual shift towards Indian Made Foreign Liquor (IMFL) from country liquor over the past years has also led to an increase in demand for potable alcohol. Other factors facilitating the demand for potable alcohol are increasing disposable incomes, changing attitude towards drinking and western influence. Additionally, expanding cosmetics and personal health care, printing and pharmaceutical industries are expected to be highly lucrative for the market since ENA finds numerous applications in these industries. In the cosmetics industry, ENA is used in products such as perfume, toiletries, cologne, hair spray, air freshener, detergent, etc. It is also used in the production of antiseptics, drug, syrups, medicated sprays, etc. Owing to the aforementioned factors, the market is further projected to reach a volume of 3.8 Billion Litre by 2023.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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Hotel with Discotheque

The Indian hotel industry has emerged as one of the key industries driving the growth of the services sector and, thereby, the Indian economy. The hotel industry in India is going through an interesting phase. One of the major reasons for the increase in demand for hotel rooms in the country is the boom in the overall economy and high growth in sectors like information technology, telecom, retail and real estate. Rising stock market and new business opportunities are also attracting hordes of foreign investors and international corporate travelers to look for business opportunities in the country. The hotel industry in India is going through an interesting phase. The industry has a capacity of 110,000 rooms. 4.4 million Tourists visited India last year and at the current rate, the demand will soar to 10 million to accommodate 350 million domestic travelers. The hotels of India have a shortage of 150,000 rooms fuelling hotel room rates across India. With tremendous pull of opportunity, India has become a destination for hotel chains looking for growth. Discotheque is a nightclub for dancing to live or recorded music and often featuring sophisticated sound systems, elaborate lighting, and other effects. Nightlife is a very fast paced industry. Being one of the largest revenue and employment generators in the service sector. The Bars and Nightclubs industry in the United States has experienced steady growth over the five years to 2018, despite experiencing slight revenue volatility during the early half of the five-year period. This was a result of shaky consumer confidence causing more people to drink at home rather than at bars or nightclubs. However, the industry is still expected to grow during the period as industry revenue growth picked up in the latter half of the period.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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Bare Polyester Film with Metallizing & Coating Process

Polyester film is obtained by the extrusion of polyethylene terephthalate. These films when stretched in a single direction along with appropriate processing, forms optical polyester film. Optical polyester film has applications in the optical and optoelectronic field. They are used in display bases, LCD panels, and plasma display panels (PDP). Optical polyester film imparts excellent light transmission due to its mechanical properties and thermal stability. High demand for LCD televisions in Asia Pacific is a key driver for the optical polyester film market. Rapid growth in sale of smartphones in developing economies and the emergence of new technologies such as wearable electronics are anticipated to offer growth opportunities for the optical polyester film market in the near future. Polyester film is a high-performance film made from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin. The Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) resin is made from Ethylene Glycol and dimethyl terephthalate (DMT). Global Polyester Film (PET film) Market is expected to experience significant growth over the forecast period owing to shift in focus toward unconventional gases. Polyester Film (PET film) Market is an unconventional gas explored through hydraulic fracturing with low permeability. Global Polyester Film (PET film) Market is expected to experience momentous growth over the next six years owing to increasing usage in residential, commercial, power generation, transportation, and industrial. Growing energy demand on account of increasing population is expected to be the major factor driving the market over the foreseeable period. Increasing Polyester Film (PET film) Market demand in industrial market is projected to have positive impact on global market in near future.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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Liquid Sodium Silicate from Caustic Soda & Sand

Liquid Sodium Silicate is a major compound used for formulating chemicals like silicate gel and precipitated silica. Apart from this, Sodium Silicate Liquid has an extensive usage in ceramic industry, paper industry, detergent industry as well as electrodes manufacturing companies. Liquid sodium silicates are manufactured in various molar ratios. Molar ratios (MR) define the ratio of SiO2 versus Na2O in the substance. The higher the molor ratio, the less sodium ions are present in the silica network and consequently the less alkaline the silicates are. Therefore, classification and labeling depends on the molor ratio (cfr. MSDS). Varying the ratio of SiO2 to Na2O and the solids content results in solutions with differing properties. The Liquid Sodium Silicate is a non-hazardous chemical which is used in many applications worldwide. The essential and diversified applications are churning out increasing demand for liquid sodium silicate. The liquid sodium silicate has several important unique properties which are not shared by other alkaline salts. Such valuable properties along with their low-cost results in their usage in several applications in diverse industries. The liquid sodium silicate is used in various industries as detergents, adhesives, binders, cement, ingredients in cleaning compounds, different coatings, anticorrosives, deflocculants, catalyst bases, chemicals, etc. The unique properties and functional characteristics of liquid sodium silicate can be used to resolve many problems arising in chemical and industrial processes efficiently and economically. Increasing concern towards environment in the country are likely to compel manufacturers to use bio-based products such as rice husk. Abundant availability of the rice husk in the region, especially in the rice producing states including Texas, California, Arkansas and Mississippi is expected to open new avenues for the industry growth over the next eight years. The growth in the demand for adhesives in paper and pulp and cement industry is projected to drive the growth of liquid sodium silicate market over the forecast period. The liquid sodium silicate market is highly competitive due to the presence of many manufacturers with large capacities globally. The increasing use of liquid sodium silicate as an adhesive in numerous manufacturing applications is driving the liquid sodium silicate market. The liquid sodium silicate is used to bind fiber drums, cores of paper towel and toilet tissues, paperboard laminates, etc. Most of the manufacturers prefer to use liquid sodium silicate because of it is low-cost, environment-friendly and non-toxic. The availability of raw material such as silica sand, soda ash, and rice husk is expected to fuel the growth of liquid sodium silicate market over the forecast period. The final cost of the liquid sodium silicate depends upon the factors such as raw material cost, operational cost, and transportation cost. The liquid sodium silicate finds a side application if rubber and tire manufacturing industry as a filler. The development in the automotive sector and rapid growth in APEJ region is expected to drive the elastomers segment over the forecast period.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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Low Cost Airlines

An airline is a company that provides air transport services for traveling passengers and freight. Airlines utilize aircraft to supply these services and may form partnerships or alliances with other airlines for codeshare agreements. Generally, airline companies are recognized with an air operating certificate or license issued by a governmental aviation body. A low-cost carrier or low-cost airline (also known as no-frills, discount or budget carrier or airline, or LCC) is an airline without most of the traditional services provided in the fare, resulting in lower fares and fewer comforts. To make up for revenue lost in decreased ticket prices, the airline may charge for extras such as food, priority boarding, seat allocating, and baggage. The low-cost model focuses on business and operational practices that reduce airline costs. That means using secondary airports (with lower taxes), offering no frills on the flight and charging for services like seat reservation and checked-in baggage. Low-cost carriers (LCCs) have gradually evolved to become a popular alternative to full-service airlines over the last 10-15 years, where price has become a critical factor in determining the carriers. Low-cost carriers (LCC) have become a popular alternative to traditional scheduled airlines over the last two decades. The growth of the market is attributed to the rise in economic activity, ease of travel, travel & tourism industry, urbanization, changes in lifestyle, consumers’ preference for low cost service along with non-stops, and frequent service, increase in purchasing power of middle class households especially in the developing regions, and high internet penetration coupled with e-literacy. Low cost airlines have grown exponentially worldwide over the past few years, owing to rise in economic activity, ease of travel, travel & tourism industry, urbanization, changes in lifestyle, consumer’s preference for low cost service along with non-stops, and frequent service, increase in purchasing power of middle class households especially in the developing regions, and high internet penetration coupled with e-literacy. However, factors such as volatile crude oil price and increase in terrorism & crime rate, political uncertainty, & natural calamities hinder the market growth. Conversely, sustainable airport governance, operational & financial improvement is anticipated to leverage the growth of the low cost airlines market. Nevertheless, factors such as high investment & operational cost but low profitability is anticipated to be a major challenge of the low cost airlines industry. The global low cost airlines market is segmented based on purpose, destination, and distribution channel. By purpose, the market is divided into leisure travel, VFR, business travel, and others. By destination, it is bifurcated into domestic and international. Based on distribution channel, the market is classified into online, travel agency, and others.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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