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Chemicals (Organic, Inorganic, Industrial) Projects

The chemical industry is a highly versatile segment in the overall industrial economy of India. It is one of the oldest domestic industries in India, contributing significantly to both the industrial and economic growth. Over the past ten years, there have been breath-taking changes in the chemical industry, especially in India.

The chemical industry has been linked with almost every other industrial activities starting from food processing to rubber, leather, and textile processing.  There is, in fact, hardly any segment where chemicals do not feature. 

The industry is broadly segmented into four major categories-Inorganic Chemicals, Organic Chemicals, petrochemicals based specialities, and agro oriented chemicals and a feasibility study of chemical industrial projects.

The chemical industry currently produces nearly 70,000 commercial products, ranging from cosmetics and toiletries, to plastics and pesticides.Indian chemical companies have prominence in the global market. Global chemical companies present in India have benefited from many opportunities as a result of favorable factors such as skilled workers, low manufacturing cost and strong domestic demand.

The Agro-oriented chemicals like guar gum, starch, citric acid, sorbitol, yeast and others, valued at over Rs 1450 billion, apart from contributing 14% of the industrial sector’s contribution to GDP, industrial chemicals have a 10% share in the overall exports of India. It is spread over some 2000 units, mostly in the small scale sector. Nonetheless, over a third of the market is controlled by top 10 players.

Petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, synthetic fibres, fertilizers and pesticide, paints and dyestuffs constitute over 85% of the market. The remaining 15% comprises a wide range of chemical intermediate and industrial or speciality chemicals which have a market of over Rs 230 billion (including imports of about Rs 15 billion).

The chemical industry remains concentrated in the western region, with a near 48% share of investment. In the western region, Gujarat makes the largest contribution to the chemical industry’s production activity. The Indian market for petrochemicals will increase four times in the next ten years. It will witness a sustained double-digit growth rate in the coming years.

India’s speciality chemicals market represents around 24% of the total chemical industry Exports of speciality chemicals from India and are poised to grow from US$4 billion in 2007 to US$13 billion in 2013, representing a growth rate of 22%.The speciality chemicals industry in India is expected to grow at a growth rate of 15%, almost double the growth of the global speciality chemicals industry.

With India being an emerging economy with high growth rates and a strong domestic demand the chemical industry in India will be one of the most booming industries in the coming years.

How to determine Feasibility Study for Industrial Projects?

The feasibility study is the study of the market’s pivotal point to determine the viability of an industrial project. It explains industrial based projects, external influencers such as legal obligations, and required investment and expected returns. The study helps in the collection of information related to the industrial plan and economy in general to determine the probable performance of the project.

Here are the primary points in determining the feasibility of chemical plant projects.

1. Target Market Research

Project reports on the market are the key factors to consider before entering into any project. The project owners have to conduct a detailed survey about the target market to determine the potential profit he is likely to get from the project.

Also, market research helps in identifying the availability of raw material, perfect product design, and product prices through understanding consumer behaviors. On market research, the project owner tends to conduct surveys pertain the product, supply and demand, product price, competition, and market distribution.

2. Technical and Procedural details

A technical study regards defining industry concerns and economies of scale and the sources of technology. The study covers the target location of the project, machinery and other assets required to run the industry, waste treatment, sources of raw materials, and participation agreement, which is licensing, taxation and other legal contracts.

3. Costs and Financial Preparedness

It regards the collection of financial requirements, analysis, and estimation of investment and operation cost of a project.

Feasibility study for a chemical industrial project influences the creation of a business plan for a chemical company, which is vital in the implementation ofchemical business ideas.

Products used in Inorganic Chemicals Manufacturing Process

The chemicals produced in the Inorganic Chemicals Manufacturing Process are intermediate products that are used as inputs in industrial and manufacturing processes. They are those that are not carbon-based; that is, they are minerals that lack carbon atoms, unlike organic compounds.

The inorganic chemicals industry consists of two segments–basic inorganic chemicals such as potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus products, sulfates, alkalis, among others, and specialty chemicals such as catalysts, pigments, and fuels.

1. Basic Inorganic Chemicals

They are chemicals that manufacture inorganic products such as plastics and fertilizers such as potassium nitrates. They are produced in large quantities. The basic inorganic compound industry is characterized by its high degree of fragmentation across areas with a large volume of production.

They also have a high energy cost, low import tariffs, and infrastructural impediments, which significantly affects their competitiveness.

2. Specialty Inorganic Chemicals (SIC)

They are chemicals with diverse and complex production processes. They are manufactured through a combination of simple process steps such as chemical reaction processes, and equipment, which are modified to create the desired specialty product.

Specialty inorganic chemicals are characterized by the quality and purity of raw materials. The characteristics are the key factors influencing the environmental impacts of products produced as there are opportunities to reuse or recycle these products.

 

 

Reasons for buying our reports:

This report helps you to identify a profitable project for investing or diversifying into by throwing light to crucial areas like industry size, market potential of the product and reasons for investing in the product

This report provides vital information on the product like its characteristics and segmentation

This report helps you market and place the product correctly by identifying the target customer group of the product 

This report helps you understand the viability of the project by disclosing details like machinery required, project costs and snapshot of other project financials

The report provides a glimpse of government regulations applicable on the industry

The report provides forecasts of key parameters which helps to anticipate the industry performance and make sound business decisions.

 

Our Approach:

Our research reports broadly cover Indian markets, present analysis, outlook and forecast for a period of five years.

The market forecasts are developed on the basis of secondary research and are cross-validated through interactions with the industry players

We use reliable sources of information and databases. And information from such sources is processed by us and included in the report


We can provide you detailed project reports on the following topics. Please select the projects of your interests.

Each detailed project reports cover all the aspects of business, from analysing the market, confirming availability of various necessities such as plant & machinery, raw materials to forecasting the financial requirements. The scope of the report includes assessing market potential, negotiating with collaborators, investment decision making, corporate diversification planning etc. in a very planned manner by formulating detailed manufacturing techniques and forecasting financial aspects by estimating the cost of raw material, formulating the cash flow statement, projecting the balance sheet etc.

We also offer self-contained Pre-Investment and Pre-Feasibility Studies, Market Surveys and Studies, Preparation of Techno-Economic Feasibility Reports, Identification and Selection of Plant and Machinery, Manufacturing Process and or Equipment required, General Guidance, Technical and Commercial Counseling for setting up new industrial projects on the following topics.

Many of the engineers, project consultant & industrial consultancy firms in India and worldwide use our project reports as one of the input in doing their analysis.

We can modify the project capacity and project cost as per your requirement.
We can also prepare project report on any subject as per your requirement.

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CHLOROFORM - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Economics

PRODUCT PROFILE Chloroform is a colourless, neutral liquid, heavier than water and of characteristic sweetish odour. It is completely miscible with almost any solvents but only sparingly with water and shows excellent solvency power to most organic chemicals and materials. Chloroform is non-inflammable and its vapours form no explosive mixtures with air. Chloroform has a multitude of natural sources, both biogenic and abiotic. It is estimated that greater than 90% of atmospheric chloroform is of natural origin. At normal temperature and pressures, chloroform is a highly volatile, clear, colourless, heavy, highly refractive, non-flammable liquid. Chloroform is a more effective anaesthetic than nitrous oxide. The metabolism of chloroform in the body is dose-dependent; it may be proportionally higher at lower levels of exposure. A substantial but variable percentage of chloroform from inspired air is retained in the body; it is extensively metabolized by the liver. Metabolites of chloroform include phosgene, carbene and chlorine, all of which may contribute to its cytotoxic activity. Product characteristics • Appearance - Colorless • Molecular weight - 113.4 • Chemical formula - CHCl3 • Flash point - none • Boiling point - 61.15°C - 61.70°C • Vapour pressure - 21.15 kPa at 20°C • Viscosity ( 20°C ) - 1-3 cps. • Solubility in water - 10.62g/kg at O°C; 8.95g/kg at 10°C; 8.22g/kg at 20°C • Specific Gravity - 1.483 at 20°C Applications: • Chloroform is used as raw material for the production of HCFC 22 (R 22), which is used as refrigerant and precursor for fluoropolymers (PTFE and derivatives). • It can be used as feedstock for methyl and ethylorthoformate • Used as solvent in the industrial synthesis of pharmaceuticals and chemicals as well as for extraction purposes. • Used as a solvent and cleansing agent and in refrigerants: formerly used as an inhalation anaesthetic. • Used as processing / extraction solvent in pharmaceuticals. • Used principally as a precursor for Chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22). • Chloroform is used in pesticide formulations, as a solvent and as a chemical intermediate. GLOBAL SCENARIO: Globally, about 90-95% of the chloroform is used as a precursor for HCFC-22, which is used in refrigerants and fluoropolymers such as polytetrafluoro ethylene (PTFE). The demand for HCFC-22 in fluoropolymers is expected to witness growth, though the product’s demand in emissive applications, such as refrigerants, is expected to witness a gradual decline. However, growing environmental concerns and implementation of stringent regulations have contributed to a contraction in demand for HCFC-22 across majority of the developed countries in the past decade. Indian production is estimate 47000 metric tones per annum and global demand for Chloroform is estimated around 0.66 million metric tonnes per annum. The overall global consumption of chloroform is projected to decline, owing to the adoption of stringent regulatory framework for restricting the use of ozone depleting substances, such as HCFCs, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), halons, and carbon tetrachlorides. Global chloroform consumption is likely to be 0.64 million tonnes per annum by 2015.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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CHLOROMETHANE - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Economics

PRODUCT PROFILE Chloromethane, also called methyl chloride, is a chemical compound of the group of organic compounds calledhaloalkanes. It was once widely used as a refrigerant. It is a colorless extremely flammable gas with a mildly sweet odor, which is, however, detected at possibly toxic levels. Chloromethane is a clear, colorless gas (vapor) that is difficult to smell. It has a faintly sweet, nonirritating odor at high levels in the air. It is a naturally occurring chemical that is made in large amounts in the oceans and is produced by some plants and rotting wood and when such materials as grass, wood, charcoal, and coal burn. Chloromethane is also produced industrially, but most of it is destroyed during use. It is used mainly in the production of other chemicals such as silicones, agricultural chemicals, and butyl rubber. Producers of the chemical supply the chemical to their customers as a liquified gas in metal containers. Chloromethane was used widely in refrigerators in the past, but generally this use has been taken over by newer chemicals such as Freon. Some functioning refrigerators more than about 30 years old may contain chloromethane Product characteristics: • Formula : CH3Cl • Molecular weight : 50.488 • CAS Number : 74-87-3 • Appearance : colourless gas • Solubility : soluble in water. • The vapor pressure :4,310 mm Hg at 25 °C • The log octane/(log Kow): is 0.91. (1,7) Applications of chloromethane: • Methyl chloride is used mainly in the production of silicones where it is used to make methylate silicon. It is also used in the production of agricultural chemicals, methyl cellulose, quaternary amines, and butyl rubber and for miscellaneous uses including tetramethyl lead. • Methyl chloride was used widely in refrigerators in the past, but generally this use has been taken over by newer chemicals such as Freon. • Chloromethane was a widely used refrigerant • Chloromethane was also once used for producing lead-based gasoline additives (tetramethyllead) • The most important use of chloromethane today is as a chemical intermediate in the production of silicone polymers. • Smaller quantities are used as a solvent in the manufacture of butyl rubber and in petroleum refining. • Chloromethane is employed as a methylating and chlorinating agent in organic chemistry. • It is also used in a variety of other fields: as an extractant for greases oils and resins • used as a propellant and blowing agent in polystyrene foam production, Other application of chloromethane is that it is used as a local anesthetic, as an intermediate in drug manufacturing, as a catalyst carrier in low-temperature polymerization, as a fluid for thermometric and thermostatic equipment, and as a herbicide. GLOBAL SCENARIO: In India there are four major producers of chloromethanes with total combined capacity of 1.44 lakh tonnes. Production of chloromethanes in the year 2009-2010 was 1.28 lakh tonnes, which increased to 1.44 lakh tonnes in 2010 to 2011 indicating 100 percent utilisation of installed capacity. Total consumption of chloromethane [methyl dichlorine (MDC) and chloroform] has increased from 4.02 lakh tonnes in 2005-2006 to 4.58 lakh tonnes in 2010 to 2011, thereby registering a modest growth of 4 percent per annum. The major application of MDC is in pharmaceuticals, paint industry as paint remover and degreasing agent followed by refrigerants, foam blowing agent and in agrochemicals. However the consumption is likely to grow at around 5% per annum and this rate of demand for chloromethane is estimated to grow to around 5.82 lakh tonnes in 2015-2016.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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DIETHYL SULPHATE - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Layout

PRODUCT PROFILE Diethyl sulphate (DES) is an important chemical intermediate to make products for coatings, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, detergents and textiles. Diethyl sulphate exists in the atmosphere in the gas phase. It will react with the hydroxyl (OH) radical and has a short life time (half life of several hours) in the atmosphere. DES is an industrial intermediate, used to make other products, and is not sold for consumer use. Proper workplace procedures and protective equipment can reduce the risk of exposure. Under fire conditions, the smoke may contain DES in addition to combustion products of varying composition which may be toxic and / or irritating. Diethyl sulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols. Product characteristics: • Appearance - colorless, oily liquid • Chemical formula - C4H10O4S • Molecular weight - 154.19 g/mol • Vapour pressure - 0.29 mm Hg at 25 °C • Log octanol/water partition coefficient (log Kow) - 1.14 • Freezing Point - -24.50C • Specific Gravity - 1.173(+/-) 0.002 • Flash Point - 1210C (open cup) Diethyl sulphate exists in the atmosphere in the gas phase. Diethyl sulphate will react with the hydroxyl (OH) radical and has a short life time (half life of several hours) in the atmosphere. Diethyl sulphate is a colourless, moderately viscous, oily liquid with a peppermint odour. It is miscible with alcohol and ether and insoluble in water. Diethyl sulphate decomposes into ethyl hydrogen sulphate and alcohol upon heating or in hot water. If handled improperly, DES may cause severe irritation of, or burns to, the eye with corneal injury. This may result in permanent impairment of vision, even blindness. Brief skin contact may cause severe irritation. Prolonged contact may cause skin burns or blisters. Prolonged or widespread skin contact may result in absorption of harmful amounts. Applications of diethyl sulphate: • Diethyl sulfate is primarily used as an ethylating agent • As an accelerator in the sulphation of ethylene and in some sulfonations. • Diethyl sulfate is also a chemical intermediate for ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols, and as an alkylating agent. • Another important advantage of Diethyl Sulphate is that only the purest ethyl derivatives are formed in containing no trace of homologous methyl or propyl compounds. • In comparison with ethyl-halides the use of Diethyl Sulphate recommends itself on grounds of simplified procedure as well as economy of operation. • Diethyl sulfate (DES) is an important chemical intermediate to make products for coatings, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, detergents and textiles. Diethyl sulphate permits rapid and complete ethylation without use of pressure vessel or authclave. Due to its low volatility it can be handled and stored, almost without loss. Global Scenario: Diethyl sulphate is predominantly used as an ethylating agent in the manufacture of aromatic and aliphatic ethers, amines, amides, esters and imides for dyestuff, pharmaceutical and flavor synthesis. The Pharmaceutical and Dyestuff industry represent the major sector of applications for Diethyl sulphate. In such sectors, the product is used asethylating and sulphonating agent. Indian demand in the period April 2010 to March 2011is estimated 8000 tons per annum and growth rate in demand 6% to 7% per annum. Global demand is estimated around 200,000 metric a tonne per annum and global growth rate in demand is 2 to 3% per annum.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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ETHYL SILICATE - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Economic

PRODUCT PROFILE Ethyl silicate is a colorless flammable liquid ester (C2H5)4SiO4 that hydrolyzes to silica and ethyl alcohol and is used esp. in paints and coatings (as for weatherproofing stone and cement) and as a bonding agent (as for molds for casting metals) called also tetraethoxysilane, tetraethyl orthosilicate. Ethyl silicate, the common name for tetra ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), has found worldwide acceptance in applications when a liquid precursor of silica (SiO2) is needed. When properly hydrolyzed, ethyl silicate produces very fine particles of silica which can act as a binder to adhere refractories into ceramic shapes or provide corrosion-resistant coatings in combination with zinc dust. When vaporized and thermally decomposed upon the surfaces of semiconductor chips ethyl silicate forms electrically insulating layers of silica glass which are necessary in the fabrication of integrated circuits. The chemical applications for ethyl silicate, including cross linking of silicones, is numerous and new applications for this versatile chemical are constantly being developed. Product characteristics • Appearance - Colorless transparent liquid • Color (APHA) - 30MAX • Chemical formula - Si (OC2 H5) 4 • Silica Content by wt. as SiO2 - 28 • Acidity (as HCl) - <0.01 • Low Boiling - <2% • Iron - 0-5ppm • Viscosity ( 20°C ) - 1-3 cps • Appearance - Achromatic transparent liquid • Monomer content - 96% min • Specific Gravity at 20° C(68° F) - 0.930-0.940 The product is stable and incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, water, alkalies, mineral acids. When vaporized and thermally decomposed upon the surfaces of semiconductor chips, ethyl silicate forms electrically insulating layers of silica glass, which are necessary in the fabrication of integrated circuits. Applications of ethyl silicate: • As cross linking agent in silicone polymers • As a precursor to silicon dioxide in the semiconductor industry • It is used in the production of aero gel • Used in a sector such as paints and coatings • Use in investment casting • Heat-resistant paint • Chemical function-resistant paint • Organic silicon solvent precise casting veneer preparation • Gum constituent in organic silicon veneer preparation and seal glue Zinc-rich inorganic coatings based on ethyl silicate give corrosion protection, chemical resistance, and heat resistance, abrasion resistance, welding and cutting properties. Ethyl silicate (alcohol-based and chemically set), is used as binder in investment casting to hold the refractory material in place. GLOBAL SCENARIO: Ethyl silicate is manufactured mostly by integrated process with metallurgical silicon as starting material. The silicon tetrachloride method is inherently prone to trace metal contamination and process variability. Indian production of ethyl silicate is around 1200 tonnes per annum. Total demand for ethyl silicate including paint and investment casting is 1500 tonnes per annum. Imports for the year 2009-2010 of ethyl silicate is 160 tonnes per annum and exports for the year 2009 to 2010 is of negligible quantity.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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ISOBUTYRIC ACID - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Layout

PRODUCT PROFILE: Isobutyric acid, also known as 2-methylpropanoic acid, is a carboxylic acid with structural formula (CH3)2 CH COOH. It is found in the free state incarobs (Ceratonia siliqua) and in the root of Arnica dulcis, and as an ethyl ester in croton oil. Isobutyric acid is an isomer of n butyric acid; they have the same chemical formula C4H8 O2 but a different structure. Isobutyric acid cannot be obtained by the fermentation but by the oxidation of isopropyl alcohol with potassium bichromate and sulfuric acid. Isobutyric acid melts at -47 oC and boils at 154 oC. It is slightly soluble in water but soluble in ethanol, ether and organic solvents. Butyric acid is a strong acid and reacts with bases, strong oxidants and metals. Product characteristics: • Appearance : Clear colourless liquid • CAS number : 79-31-2 • Other names : 2-Methylpropionic acid, Valerianic acid, Isobutanoic acid • Molecular formula : C4H8O2 • Molecular weight : 88.11 • Structural formula : (CH3)2-CH-COOH • Odour : Strong, penetrating odour of rancid butter • Specific gravity : 0.9697 (0 deg. oC). • vapor density :3.04 (vs air) • vapor pressure :1.5 mmHg ( 20 °C) • Refractive index : 1.393 It is a flammable/combustible material it can be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. Applications of Isobutyric acid: Isobutyric acid is used in various applications including fragrance intermediates, the manufacture of numerous esters and varnish for coatings applications. • Esters of isobutyric acid are used as solvents for various applications, where desirable odors and flavor characteristics are important. • It is also used to prepare certain types of photo initiators for UV-curable inks and coatings. • UV-curable systems generally have low VOC levels. Therefore, isobutyric acid continues to gain popularity as a more environmentally responsible choice for coating substrates such as wood flooring, furniture, paper, plastics and metal. • The potassium salt of isobutyric acid is effective as a solubility promoter in the caustic extraction of mercaptans from sour petroleum stocks. • Isobutyric acid is used in the production of fibers and plastics and can be converted to methacrylate • It is used to eliminate calcium in leather industry. • Isobutyric acid is used in the production of resins, dyestuffs and is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food additives. • Making methacrylate via traditional chemical synthesis techniques usually begins with either natural gas or crude oil as the feedstock. Isobutyric acid can be further converted to methacrylate (i.e., methacrylic acid MAA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) which is commodity chemicals used in the production of polymethyl methacrylate plastics, adhesives, ion exchange resins, textile size, leather treatment chemicals, lubrication additives and crosslinking agents
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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SPECIALITY CHEMICAL ISOPHORONE - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

PRODUCT PROFILE Isophorone is an ?,?-Unsaturated cyclic ketone, a colorless to yellowish liquid with characteristic smell, that is used as a solvent and as an intermediate in organic synthesis. Isophorone also occurs naturally in cranberries. Isophorone is a clear liquid with a peppermint-like odor. It evaporates faster than water but slower than charcoal starter or paint thinner, and it will not mix completely with water. Isophorone is a man-made chemical for use commercially, but it has been found to occur naturally in cranberries. It is used as a solvent in some printing inks, paints, lacquers, and adhesives. Isophorone does not remain in the air very long, but can remain in water for possibly more than 20 days. Product characteristics • Molecular Weight :138.21 • Vapor Pressure at 20°C, mmHg :0.1 • Density at 20°C lb/gal :7.70 • Specific Gravity at 20/20°C :0.9229 • Viscosity at 20°C cP :2.6 • Surface Tension • (dynes/cm at 20°C) :31.6 • (dynes/cm at 25°C) :31.2 • Hydrogen Bonding :3.6 • Boiling Point, °C at 760mm Hg :215.2 • Melting Point C : -8.1 • Solubility at 20°C : 1.46 • Closed Cup Flash Point °F :190 • Electrical Resistivity M? :<0.1 Some of the features of isophrone are that they are slightly soluble in water, they are miscible with most lacquer solvents, and they have high solvency power and high dilution ratio for aromatic hydrocarbons. They are often used as leveling aid for a variety of resins. Applications of Isophorone: Isophorone is a stable, colorless liquid with a mild peppermint-like odor. It is a high-boiling, low vapor pressure solvent. Isophorone is used as a solvent in some printing inks, paints, lacquers, adhesives, copolymers, coatings, finishings and pesticides. It is also used as a chemical intermediate and as an ingredient in wood preservatives and floor sealants. Some of the applications of isophrone are: • used as choice solvent for many natural and synthetic polymers • used as Solvent fats and oils • Solvent for vinyl chloride-acetate based coatings • Solvent for nitrocellulose lacquers • Carrier solvent for pesticides and herbicides • Solvent for lacquer thinners • Solvent for stencil pastes • Solvent for printing inks • Solvent for adhesives • Chemical intermediate GLOBAL SCENARIO: Isophorone is produced commercially by the catalytic condensation of acetone at elevated temperature and pressure and is then purified by distillation. The worldwide production of isophorone is estimated to be in the order of 100,000 tons per year. Production sites are in the EU (Germany, France), the U.S., Japan and India. Isophorone is widely used as a solvent for a number of synthetic resins and polymers, as well as in special application paints and printing inks. It is a chemical intermediate and an important solvent in certain herbicide formulations. The majority of the consumer products containing isophorone are selective herbicides, while professional use is focused on lacquers and varnishes and solvents.
Plant capacity: -Plant & machinery: -
Working capital: -T.C.I: -
Return: 1.00%Break even: N/A
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Precipitated Calcium Carbonate - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue

Profile: Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) also known as purified, refined or synthetic calcium carbonate. It has the same chemical formula as other types of calcium carbonate, such as limestone, marble and chalk: CaCO3. The calcium, carbon and oxygen atoms can arrange themselves in three different ways, to form three different calcium carbonate minerals. The most common arrangement for both precipitated and ground calcium carbonates is the hexagonal form known as calcite. Calcium carbonates, including PCC, are considered to be non toxic. As long as the PCC meets certain purity requirements, it can be used as a direct food additive, as a pharmaceutical or as an indirect additive in paper products that come in contact with food. Similar acceptances and approvals exist around the world where PCCs are widely used in these applications. PCC is purer than the limestone from which it is made, and is lower in silica and lead. Product characteristics: • Chemical formula - CaCO3 • Molecular Weight - 100.09 gm/mol. • Appearance - Brilliant white • Density - 0.28gms/cc to 0.9 gm/cc • Assay of material - 98.7% • Crystallography - hexagonal Application: Precipitated calcium carbonate is a versatile additive for use in a wide range of plastic and elastomeric applications. Its regular and controlled crystalline shape and ultrafine particle size together with the hydrophobic surface coating combine to the benefit of both polymer processing and subsequent physical properties. Precipitated calcium carbonate is one of a unique class of additives which can be classified as being multi functional providing the end user with an outstanding cost/performance opportunity. Some of the important uses of precipitated calcium carbonate are: • Precipitated Calcium Carbonate is widely used by Paper Industry to manufacture alkaline media paper making. • Precipitated Calcium Carbonate improves the Brightness, Smoothness, and Opacity of Paper. It also increases the ink receptivity. Precipitated Calcium Carbonate reduces the cost of production of Papermaking. • Precipitated Calcium Carbonate is widely used by Paint Industries for the manufacturing of Emulsion Paint and Powder Coatings. • Pharmaceutical Industries use precipitated Calcium Carbonate in the fermentation process and to manufacture tapped density tablet making. • Detergent Powder manufacturers for premium powders use precipitated Calcium Carbonate only. • Precipitated Calcium Carbonate is used by Rubber Product Manufacturers for the manufacturing of different rubber products like Tyres, Tubes, Hawai Chappals, Soles, Straps and other rubber parts. • Ink manufacturers use precipitated Calcium Carbonate as an ant settling agent. • Precipitated Calcium Carbonate is used by the chewing gum, powder drinks and wine manufacturers. Global Scenario: Worldwide, almost 10 million tons of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) is produced annually for use in a wide range of end-use applications. Roughly 70% of the total is consumed by the paper industry for the filling and coating of paper. Large amounts of PCC are also used in the filling of polymers, as a pigment in paint, and as a thixotrope in sealant and plastisol formulations. In addition, PCC with sufficient purity can be used for food and pharmaceutical applications. Global demand for Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) is forecast to grow by an average of 4%py from around 13Mt in 2007 to nearly 16Mt by 2012. Growth rates will be highest in the paint (6%py) and rubber (4%py) industries though the largest increases in terms of tonnage will be in paper and paint. The demand of PCC in the market is immense and therefore its market position is splendid. Hence it is an excellent field to venture.
Plant capacity: 8925 MT/AnnumPlant & machinery: 129 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of project: 321 Lakhs
Return: 43.00%Break even: 56.00%
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Resin for Nail Polish (Polycondensation Resin (Polyester, Alkyds), Epoxy Tosylamide Resin, Solvent Based Acrylic Resin) - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process

Profile Resins are translucent and viscous film forming material widely used for production of paints and coatings. It binds the pigment particles to the substrate, forming a layer of film on the surface. The quality of the resin used in production of paints and coating decides the durability of the paint. Resins with different compositions are used depending upon the functional properties of the paint. Common nail polish ingredients include film forming agents such as nitrocellulose, resins, and plasticizers, such as castor oil, and coloring agents such as soluble dye and pigments. Resins and plasticizers give the nail polish a degree of flexibility. This flexibility allows the consumer to apply the nail polish with the brush without the polish drying too quickly or forming unevenly on the nail. These nail polish ingredients also help the nail polish last longer after being applied to the nail. Resins form a hard shell that is resistant to soap and water, keeping the color on the nail longer. Manufactures use a mix of amyl and butyl stearate, castor oil, acids, and glycerol as resins and plasticizers. Functions of Resin • To provide gloss and elasticity • For the suspension of pigments • To provide resistance to water, chemicals and abrasion • Makes coating adhere to the surface • Acts as a dispersant • For drying properties Properties • Resins are translucent and viscous film forming material widely used for production of paints and coatings. • It binds the pigment particles to the substrate, forming a layer of film on the surface. The quality of the resin used in production of paints and coating decides the durability of the paint. Resins with different compositions are used depending upon the functional properties of the paint. • Synthetic resins are materials with similar properties to natural resins viscous liquids capable of hardening. They are typically manufactured by esterification or soaping of organic compounds. • The classic variety is epoxy resin, manufactured through polymerization polycondensation reactions, used as a thermoset polymer for Nail polish. • Epoxy resin is two times stronger than concrete, seamless and waterproof. Manufacturing of Nail Polish The modern manufacturing process is a very sophisticated operation utilizing highly skilled workers, advanced machinery, and even robotics. Todays consumers expect a nail polish to apply smoothly, evenly, and easily; to set relatively quickly; and to be resistant to chipping and peeling. In addition, the polish should be dermatologically innocuous. Mixing the pigment with nitrocellulose and plasticizer: • The pigments are mixed with nitrocellulose and plasticizer using a two-roll differential speed mill. This mill grinds the pigment between a pair of rollers that are able to work with increasing speed as the pigment is ground down. The goal is to produce fine dispersion of the color. • When properly and fully milled, the mixture is removed from the mill in sheet form and then broken up into small chips for mixing with the solvent. The mixing is performed in stainless steel kettles that can hold anywhere from 5 to 2,000 gallons. Stainless steel must be used because the nitrocellulose is extremely reactive in the presence of iron. The kettles are jacketed so that the mixture can be cooled by circulating cold water or another liquid around the outside of the kettle. The temperature of the kettle, and the rate of cooling, is controlled by both computers and technicians. • This step is performed in a special room or area designed to control the hazards of fire and explosion. Most modern factories perform this step in an area with walls that will close in if an alarm sounds and, in the event of explosion, with ceilings that will safely blow off without endangering the rest of the structure. • Materials are mixed in computerized, closed kettles. At the end of the process, the mix is cooled slightly before the addition of such other materials as perfumes and moisturizers. • The mixture is then pumped into smaller, 55 gallon drums, and then trucked to a production line. The finished nail polish is pumped into explosion proof pumps, and then into smaller bottles suitable for the retail market.
Plant capacity: 10 MT/dayPlant & machinery: 178 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: 1318 Lakhs
Return: 50.00%Break even: 31.00%
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Extraction of Ultra Pure Silicon from Rice Husk Ash - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Profitability Ratios

Profile Rice husk ash is a unique source of high grade amorphous silica. The silica present in rice husk, being of biogenic origin, is inherently amorphous. Amorphous silica obtained from rice husk is chemically active and hence a very useful product. At higher temperatures, it undergoes a phase change resulting into crystalline forms of silica The silica precipitation technology is a novel method for silica precipitation where the chemicals used are regenerated making it a closed loop operation. Successful studies for extraction of silica on laboratory scale, which meet the industrial requirements, have been carried out. Also studies are being carried out for suitable application of the undigested ash obtained after extraction, in water treatment plants with or without further improving the activated carbon content of the ash. 70% conversion is achieved on ash basis and around 90 to 95% on silica in ash basis. Properties of Silicon Property - Value Crystal structure - Diamond cubic Atomic weight - 28.085 Melting point °C - 1410 Boiling point °C - 2355 Vapour pressure; Pa at 880°C - 1.33 X 10-8 Density gm/cm3 at 25°C - 80 Critical temp °C - 2339 Process of extraction 1. Digestion: This involves the digestion of the rice husk ash with caustic at specific conditions. In this process the silica in the ash is gets extracted with caustic to form sodium solution. After the completion of the digestion the solution is filtered for the residual undigested ash present in the solution. The clear filtrate is taken for precipitation. 2. Precipitation: This step involves precipitation of silica from the sodium silicate solution. Carbon dioxide at a specific flow rate is passed through the silicate solution at design conditions. Continuous stirring is employed during the operation. The precipitated silica is filtered, washed with water to remove the soluble salts and dried. The filtrate containing sodium carbonate is taken for regeneration. 3. Regeneration: Regeneration is the step where calcium compound reacts with the sodium carbonate to form calcium carbonate and sodium hydroxide. The resulting solution is filtered to remove the solid calcium carbonate and aqueous sodium hydroxide is used for digestion again. The calcium carbonate is washed with water and dried. The dried calcium carbonate can be either calcined to get calcium oxide, which is reused, for regeneration or the calcium carbonate is sold and fresh calcium hydroxide is used for regeneration which gives an option of one more value addition. 4. Production of Ultrapure Silicon A chlorine based system is used in the method of transferring silicon from SiO2 to polysilicon. The process is flexible enough to allow the use of chlorine as the halide conversion medium by modifying the process, hydrogen, argon and a silicon chloride containing gas are injected into inductively coupled plasma operating at a temperature of approximately 2500°C. Under these conditions, the silicon chlorides decompose to silicon, chlorine, and possibly hydrogen ions, and the gaseous product flows into a baffled cold trap held at approximately 1500°C. by resistance heating. The Si ions react with electrons from the ionized hydrogen gas to form molten silicon metal condensate that can be vacuum cast into polysilicon ingots. The hot chlorine laden gas is drawn from the cold trap and pushed through a fluidized bed at approximately 1200°C, containing silica (SiO2) particulate. Prior to the injection of the hot chlorine gas, the silica particulate is pre heated in a dryer to approximately 1000°C. A small amount of hydrogen is required in the fluidized bed in order to facilitate the formation of HCl gas and begin the reaction: 4HCl + SiO2 ?2H2 O + SiCl4 Additionally, some SiCl3 H will be formed by the reaction: HCl + SiCl4 ? SiCl3 H + Cl2 Si + HCl ? Applications of Pure Silicon Silicones have a wide range of application because of their excellent properties of thermal stability etc. They find wide application in adhesive, lubricants, protective coatings and mold release agents manufacturing. They are widely used as from stabilizers for poly methanes, diffusion, pumps antifoaming agents for liquid, textile finishes. Silicones also find application in manufacturing of weather proofing concretes. Silicon is used in the aluminium industry to improve castability and weldability, not to add strength as noted in the text. Silicon-aluminium alloys tend to have relatively low strength and ductility, so other metals, especially magnesium and copper, are often added to improve strength. Silicon resins are widely used as coatings, moulding compounds, laminates sealants, room temperature curing cements for electrical insulation, impregnating electric coils, bonding agents and vibrating damping devices. Semiconductor grade silicon is used in the manufacture of silicon chips and solar cells. Fumed silica is used as filler in the cement and refractory materials industries, as well as in heat insulation and filling material for synthetic rubbers, polymers and grouts. Silicon rubbers are versatile materials, which find application in a wide variety of products. It is also used in medical devices used within the body (surgical).
Plant capacity: 300 Kg/dayPlant & machinery: 246 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: 557 Lakhs
Return: 39.00%Break even: 46.00%
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L Ascorbic Acid - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Layout

Profile L Ascorbic acid is an organic acid with antioxidant properties. Its appearance is white to light yellow crystals or powder. It is water soluble. The L enantiomer of ascorbic acid is commonly known as vitamin C. L Ascorbic acid is a versatile water soluble radical scavenger widely distributed in aerobic organisms that plays a central role in the protection of cellular components against oxidative damage by free radicals and oxidants that are involved in the development and exacerbation of a multitude of chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, brain dysfunction, aging, rheumatism, inflammation, stroke, emphysema, and AIDS. L Ascorbic acid (also called vitamin C) is a carbohydrate like substance involved in the metabolic functions including synthesis of collagen, maintenance of the structural strength of the blood vessels, metabolism of certain amino acids, and the synthesis or release of hormones in the adrenal glands. It occurs as a white or slightly yellow crystal or powder with a slight acidic taste. L Ascorbic Acid is freely soluble in water; sparingly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in chloroform, ether, and benzene. Properties Appearance White odourless crystalline solid Empirical formula: C6H8O6 Molecular weight: 176.1 Melting point: About 190°C (with decomposition) Source of L Ascorbic Acid The main sources of L ascorbic acid for humans are from plants and animals with indigenous biosynthetic capabilities of producing L ascorbic acid. The ubiquitousness of L-ascorbic acid throughout the human body emphasizes its daily requirement and vitality as a nutrient for healthy maintenance. Its biological half-life in humans is 14 to 40 days after normal intake and a vitamin C free diet in a human develops scurvy in about 3 to 4 months. The vast majority of species of plants and animals are known to synthesize their own vitamin C. A majority of vertebrates such as amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals are able to synthesize L ascorbic acid. Molecules similar to ascorbic acid are made by some fungi but not by bacteria. ? Applications Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) is an essential nutrient that the human body cannot manufacture from other compounds. • It is needed for the formation of collagen, the protein that makes up connective tissue, and is essential to muscles, bones, cartilage, and blood vessels. • Ascorbic acid is also a good anti-oxidant, preventing damage from oxygen free radicals. • Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is used extensively in the food industry, not only for its nutritional value but for its many functional contributions to product quality. • Acting as an antioxidant, ascorbic acid can improve the color and palatability of many kinds of food products. By removing oxygen from its surroundings, ascorbic acid in its reduced form becomes the oxidized form, de hydro ascorbic acid (see in the fig). This oxidizing action reduces the available oxygen in its immediate environment, making ascorbic acid an effective antioxidant. • L ascorbic acid or L ascorbate is a vital nutrient for many animals, including humans. It is an antioxidant which protects the body against oxidative stress. Market Scenario Ascorbic acid is major food ingredients, and also plays a major role in the fermentation industry. In the past ten years, the markets for these products have changed dramatically. The demand for ascorbic acid in food and non food applications has increased continuously and substantial capacities have been built up. The global market for isoascorbic acid, ascorbic acid and citric acid is estimated at $1,700 million. Food applications account for $1,080 million, feed applications for $90 million. Chinese producers currently have a market share of 37% in isoascorbic acid, 65% in ascorbic acid and 34% in citric acid. Sales of isoascorbic acid will grow at an average annual growth rate (AAGR) of 2.9%. The European market for citric acid accounts for a total of 37% of sales and the U.S. market for 28% of sales. Current world production is estimated at approximately 80,000 metric tons per year with a worldwide market in excess of $600 million. It is synthesized both biologically and chemically from D glucose. ?
Plant capacity: 240 MT/AnnumPlant & machinery: 72 Lakhs
Working capital: -T.C.I: Cost of project : 211 Lakhs
Return: 42.00%Break even: 58.00%
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  • One Lac / Lakh / Lakhs is equivalent to one hundred thousand (100,000)
  • One Crore is equivalent to ten million (10,000,000)
  • T.C.I is Total Capital Investment
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  • Caution: The project's cost, capacity and return are subject to change without any notice. Future projects may have different values of project cost, capacity or return.

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