NIIR

Contents

  CONTENTS

	1.	COOKING CLASSES	

		Introduction

		Why will it Work?

		How it will Work?

		What Cuisines you can Teach?

		What Equipment’s do you Require?

		What Skills should you Possess?

		How can you Market Your Business?

		Cooking Class Equipments 

		Cooking Utensils

		Cooking Utensils

		Cooking Stove

		Oven

		Snacks

	2.	HANDMADE JEWELLERY MAKING	

		Introduction

		Why will it Work?

		How it will Work?

		What Varieties you can Offer?

		What Equipment’s do you Require?

		What Skills should you Possess?

		Product Photographs

		Buttons Jewellery 

		Jewellery Making Tools 

		Wood Dapping Block

		2. Pliers

		3. Multi Utility Bench Pin Combo Set 

		4. Texturing Hammer

		5. Punch Set With Die

		Colorful Jump Ring Choker 

		Raw Materials

		Process

	3.	IN HOUSE SALON	

		Introduction

		Why will it Work?

		How it will Work?

		What Services you could Offer?

		What Equipment’s/Materials do you Require?

		What Skills should you Possess?

		Requirements

		Shampoo

		Hair Pins

		Makeup Kit

		Waxing Equipment

		Hair Cutting Tools

		Manicure/Pedicure Kit

		Steemer and Hair Dryer

		Hair Brushes

	4.	CAKE & PASTRY MAKING	

		Introduction

		Market Opportunities

		Features

		Raw Material 

		Cake 

		Pastry

		Bakery Moulds

		Requirements

		Wheat Flour

		Eggs

		Milk Power 

		Ghee

		Making Process

		Flow Chart of Bakery

	5.	HOME TUTORING BUSINESS	

		Introduction

		An Interesting Business

		How it will Work?

		What Services you can Offer?

		What Equipment’s do you Require?

		What Skills should you Possess?

		Requirements

		Table & Chairs

		White Board

		Marker

		Computer

		Printer

	6.	INTERNET BUSINESS	

		Introduction

		Internet of Things 

		How Easy is it to Start?

		Begin Advertising and Marketing

		What Equipment’s do you Require?

		Internet Users in India

		Requirements

		Network Device

	7.	CLEANING BUSINESS	

		Introduction

		Advertising & Marketing 

		How Easy it is to Start?

		Natural Skills

		What Equipment’s do you Require?

		Requirements

		A Vacuum Cleaner

		Carpet Cleaner

		Cleaner

		House Cleaning Tools

	8.	DETERGENT MAKING	

		Introduction

		Market Potential

		Raw Material

		Chemicals Formation

		Production Process 

		Mixing Unit

		Drying Unit

		After Drying Unit

		Packing Unit

		Anti Pollution Unit 

		What Equipment’s do you Require?

		Requirements

		Detergent

		Hand-Gloves

		Blenders

		Basins

		Plastic Bags

		Electric Stove

		Weighing Scale

	9.	PET SITTING BUSINESS	

		Introduction

		How Easy is it to Start?

		Advertising & Marketing

	10.	GARDENING BUSINESS	

		Introduction

		How it will Work?

		How can you Market Your Business?

		How Easy is it to Start?

		What Equipment’s/Materials do you Require?

		Cutting Tools 

		Digging Tools 

		Gloves

		Grass Trimmer

		Wheelbarrows

	11.	HOME BASED PHOTOGRAPHY BUSINESS	

		Introduction

		Advertising & Marketing 

		Keys to Success

		1.	Be Ready to Attend Special Occasions Uninvited

		2.	Create an Online Presence

		3.	Advertize Your Business

		4.	Look for Busy Environs with Creative Backgrounds

		5.	Create an Eye Catching Background or Wallpaper

		6.	Create a Print Coupon or Receipt

		Digital Camera 

		Studio Lights

		Curtains and Stools

	12.	RECRUITMENT BUSINESS	

		Introduction

		How it will Work?

		Importance of Recruiment

		Recruitment and Introduction 

		1. Defining Requirements

		2. Attracting Candidates

		3. Selecting Candidates

		4. Introduction

	13.	BANANA CHIPS MAKING BUSINESS	

		Introduction

		Market Potential

		Demand and Supply 

		Marketing Strategy 

		Selling and Distribution Overheads 

		Ingredients

		How to make Banana Chips

		Process Flow Diagram

		Equipments

		Requirements

		Banana 

		Aluminum Utensils

		Chips Cutter Electric Motor

		Sealing Machine

		Weighing Scale

	14.	POTATO CHIPS AND WAFERS	

		Main Raw Material

		The Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipment

		Potato

		Potato Chips

		Peeling Machine

		Slicing Machine

	15.	LEATHER PURSE AND HAND BAGS	

		Main Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		A. Pattern/Frames of the Product and Cutting of Leather

		B. Skiving 

		C. Folding of Edges 

		D. Stitching 

		E. Fixing of Locks and Accessories

		F. Finishing Quality Check and Packing  

		Main Machinery and Equipment

		Leather Purse

		Hand Bag

		Flat-Bed Sewing Machine

	16.	BISCUIT MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Main Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process 

		Main Machinery Required

		Biscuit

		Baking Oven

		Baking Pans

	17.	PAPAD MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process 

		Main Machinery and Equipment

		Papad Making Machine

		Flour Kneading Machine

	18.	BESAN MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process 

		Cleaning

		Conditioning

		Milling

		Finishing

		Main Machinery and Equipment

		Gram Dal

		Pulveriser Machine

	19.	PICKLES MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Product 

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Machinery and Equipment

		Pickles

		Cap Sealing Machine

		Serrated Slicer

	20.	SPICES MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process 

		Main Machinery and Equipment

		Spices

		Spice Grinding Machine

		Plastic Sealing Machine

	21.	ICE-CREAM CONES MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Machinery Required

		Ice-cream Cones

		Cone-Making-Machine

		Storage Racks

	22.	HONEY PROCESSING UNIT	

		Main Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Honey

		Honey Stirrer

		Weighing Balance

		Heating Equipments

	23.	FLOUR MILL	

		Market Potential

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Machinery and Equipments

		Flour

		Roller Mill Body

		Weighting Machine

	24.	TUTTI-FRUITTI MAKING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Production Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Peeling Machine

		Stainless Soaking Tanks

	25.	CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTION UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipment

		Confectionery

		Chips Cutting Machine

		Balance Scale

	26.	JAM—JELLY MAKING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process 

		Jam 

		Jelly

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Jam—Jelly

		Mixer/Grinders

		Knifes

	27.	BREAD MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process Flow Chart

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Bread

		Baking Pans

		Bread Slicing Machine

		Baking Oven

	28.	NOODLES MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Materials

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Noodles

		Noodle Making Machinery

	29.	CATTLE FEED/POULTRY FEED	

		Raw Material

		Production Process

		Main Machinery and Equipment

		Mixer

		Weighing Scale

	30.	ICE CANDY MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Manufacturing Process

		Raw Material

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Complete Ice-Candy Machine

		Churner

		Ice-Cream Mixer

	31.	NAMKEEN MANUFACTURING	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Namkeen

		Namkeen Making Machine

		Hydroextractor

	32.	GHEE MANUFACTURING	

		Methods of Processing 

		Process Flow Diagram

		Fresh Milk

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Ghee Making Machine 

		Cream Separator

		Freezer

	33.	VERMICELLI MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Vermicelli

		Vermicelli Making Machine 

		Mixing Machine

		Weighing Balance

	34.	NAIL POLISH MANUFACTURING	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery Equipments

		Nail Polish

		Mixing Machine

	35.	HERBS TOOTH POWDER 	

		Raw Material 

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipment

		Tray

		Grinder

		Bottle Sealer

		Balance

	36.	AYURVEDIC MEDICINES MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Ayurvedic Medicines

		Pulveriser Machine 

		Mixing Machine

		Bottle Caps

	37.	CHALK MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Chalk

		Moulds

		Sieve

	38.	HERBAL SHAMPOO MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Herbal Shampoo

		Grinder

		Bottle Sealing Machine

	39.	CLEANING POWDER MANUFACTURING 

UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process 

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Cleaning Powder

		Polythene Bags

		Horizontal Mixer

		Bag Sealing Machine

	40.	MANGO PAPPAD (AAM PAPAD) MAKING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process 

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Aam Papad

		Mango Peeler Machine

		Mixer

		Storage Tanks

	41.	GARLIC POWDER MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Main Machinery and Equipment

		Process Flow Chart of Garlic Powder

		Garlic

		Hot Air Drying Machine 

		Pulveriser

		Garlic Slicer

	42.	AGARBATTI MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Materials

		Manufacturing Process 

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Agarbatti

		Hand Operated Sieves 

		Aluminum Tray

	43.	DETERGENT POWDER MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process 

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Detergent Powder

		Mixer 

		Polythene Bags Sealer

	44.	PHENYL MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Phenyl

		Mixing Tank

		Planetary Mixer

		Bottle Cap Sealer

	45.	RUBBER BAND MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process 

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Rubber Band

		Polythene Packets

		Rubber Band Cutting Machine

	46.	LAUNDRY SOAP MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipment

		Laundry Soap

		Hydrometer

		Soap Cutting Machine

		Soap Stamping Machine

	47.	PAPER CLIPS MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Manufacturing Process 

		Raw Material

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Paper Clips

		Paper Clip Making Machine

	48.	SURGICAL BANDAGE MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Surgical Bandages

		Roll Cutting Machine

		Cloth Binding Machine

	49.	SEWING THREAD MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process 

		Main Machinery and Equipment

		Threads

		Winding Machine

	50.	HAIR OIL MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Mixing Tank 

		Filling Machine 

		Sealing Machines 

	51.	WAX CANDLES MANUFACTURING UNIT 	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process 

		1. Start by Melting Wax.

		2. Pass Wick Through Wick Hole

		3. Secure Wick to Wick Rod

		4. Secure Wick to Wick Hole

		5. Seal Wick Hole

		6. Initial Pour

		7. Poke Relief Holes

		8. Re-Pour to Fill in Void (Sink-Hole)

		9. Remove Candle From Mold

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Candle

		Candle Moulds

	52.	CHILLI POWDER MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		The Process Flow Chart is as Under

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Polythene Bags

		Red Chilli

		Mixer

	53.	SOFT TOYS MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipment

		Sewing Machine

		Scissor

	54.	SCHOOL BAGS MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process 

		Machinery Required

		School Bags

		Upholstery Sewing Machine

		Sewing Machine

		Scissor

	55.	POPCORN MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipment

		Popcorn

		Popping Machine

		Sealing Machine

	56.	SUPARI CHIPS UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipment

		Supari Chips

		Supari-Chips Cutting Machine

		Balance

	57.	REVADI AND GAZAK MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipment

		Revadi and Gazak

		Big Pans

		Utensils

	58.	MAVA MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Milk

		Mava Making Machine

		Milk Cans

		Physical Balance

	59.	ULTRA MARINE BLUE MANUFACTURING	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments 

		Ultra Marine Blue

		Drum Type Liquid Mixer 

		Buckets

	60.	TOMATO SAUCE AND KETCHUP MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material 

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments 

		Tomato Sauce

		Tomato

		Tomato Charging Machine

		Boiler Machine

	61.	ICE CREAM MANUFACTURING UNIT	

		Raw Material 

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Ice Cream

		Mixer

		Ice Cream Chiller

	62.	SOAP COATED PAPER	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments 

		Soap Coated Paper

		Butter Paper

		Crutcher for Soap Making

		Jacketed Tank

		Baby Boiler

	63.	BAKING POWDER MAKING UNIT	

		Raw Material

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Baking Powder 

		Ribbon Blender

		Sieving Set

	64.	MOONG DAL BARI MAKING UNIT	

		Raw Material 

		Manufacturing Process

		Main Machinery and Equipments

		Moong Dal

		Moong Dal Bari 

		Utensils

		Mixer



65.	GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES IN FOOD INDUSTRY

Food Industry Standards

GMP Practices for Food

(i)	Design and Facilities

Locclfion

(ii)	Premises and Rooms

Design and Lcrpouf

(iii)	Internal Structures & Fittings

(iv)	Equipment

(v)	Containers for Waste and Inedible Substances

Facilities

(i)	Water Supply

(ii)	Drainage and Waste Disposal

(iii)	Cleaning

(iv)	Personnel Hygiene Facilities and Toilets

(v)	Temperature Control

(vi)	Air e uality and Ventilation

(vii)	Lighting

(viii)	Power Back up

(ix)	Storage

Control of Operation

(i)	Time and Temperature Control

(ii)	Control of Other Specific Process Steps

(iii)	Specifications

Microbiological Cross Contamination

Physical and Chemical Contamination

Incoming Materials Requirements Packaging

Water

(i)	Water, Ice and Steam in Contact with Food

(ii)	Water, Ice and Steam not in Contact with Food

(iii)	Water pipes & Storage Tanks

(iv)	Management and Supervision Documentation and Records Product Recall & Traceability Storage

Maintenance and Sanitation

(i)	Pest Control

(ii)	Waste Management

(iii)	Personal Hygiene Quality Control Transportation

Product Information and Consumer Awareness Competence & Training

Temporary/Mobile Premises,  Vending Machines

Sample Chapters

Cooking Classes

 

Private cooking lessons business can prove to be a rewarding one with low initial investment. It can be started from home or through a rented space which gives flexibility in deciding for the investment amount. As much as Indians love eating food they also equally enjoy cooking meals at home. Cooking classes is a lucrative small business that has become increasingly popular over the past decade and can be started with just one teacher and fully equipped kitchen. Since it can be started at home with limited man power and high demand it is docketed as a profitable small business option.

How it will Work?

The business model of a private cooking lessons start up is advance payment based. You can print brochures of the lessons you would offer along with their cost and invite applications for the same with advance payment of course fee. The advance cash received will help you source raw materials like vegetables, cooking oils and other edible requirements. However you will have to invesinitially in setting up the kitchen. Start small with limited number of students and hence less investment and later depending upon the response you can scale up the kitchen.

 

Handmade Jewellery Making

 

Jewellery making business is one hobby inspired business that can be run from home. Many people enjoy wearing handmade jewellery. The beauty of the handmade jewellery lies in its uniqueness and customization; consumers are unlikely to see others wearing the same pieces.

Jewellery has become of part of everybody’s life. Wearing jewellery probably the most popular way to adononself. A beautiful piece of jewellery is always seem to complete the dressing for any special Occasion and perfectly complements fashion. Nobody would like to wear a piece of jewellery that is common and almost everybody would be able to wear.

 

What Skills should you Possess?

    1.  Passion for Jewellery making

    2.  Experience or training in the field

    3.  Creativity in decoration

Raw Materials

20 Gauge Pink Artistic Wire

20 Gauge Mint Artistic Wire

20 Gauge Orange Artistic Wire

Jump Ring Maker Tool

2 Pair Chain Nose Pliers

Beadstrom Round Nose Pliers

Designer Flush Cutters

 

In House Salon

 

In house salon has bright prospects as an attractive run-from-home business in India. It is best suited for women. Providing beauty services in house is a great way of making money by using your skills and knowledge. Beauty service is one line in India which is growing at a rapid pace and has given birth to many business opportunities. You can start this business by operating from 1-2 spare rooms of your home and with one helper who will assist you. You will need to invest in infrastructure and in beauty equipments & materials.

 

What Skills should you Possess?

    1.  Ensure perfection

    2.  Ability to deal with people

    3.  Understanding nature

    4.  Knowledge and training in the beauty services

 

Cake & Pastry Making

 

Bakery products have become very popular throughout the country. Cakes, pastries are the most common products but other items like breads and biscuits, cream-rolls, cookies etc. are also not lagging far behind. These items are consumed by people of all age groups across the board. Indians by their very nature and culture are passionate about food, both cooking and eating, which makes it an attractive business idea for anyone having requisite skills. Home utensils and equipment’s can be easily used for opening your very own bakery.

A good pastry is light and airy, easily broken in the mouth (what is called ‘short’ eating), but firm enough to support the weight of the filling. The dough must be well mixed but care must be taken not toover-mix the pastry. This results in long gluten strands and toughens the pastry. Thus, the manufacture of good pastry is something of a fine art.

 

Market Opportunities

Home based bakery business is bound to flourish in urban cities as demand for bakery items is spiraling in India. Indian are gaining popularity as Indian appetite for fresh, nutritious and convenience food is growing. Changing lifestyles and increase in the standard of living have changed the eating habits of people with liking for instant or ready-to-eat food items. Bakery products fall under the same category and apart from bread and biscuits; items like cakes, pastries, cream-rolls, cookies etc. have become very popular. Fresh items are always preferred by the consumers.

Raw Material

Availability the all important raw materials will be wheat flour, sugar, eggs and ghee for which proper arrangements should be made. Other items like milk powder, yeast, salt, assorted fruits, baking powder, caramel colour, vanilla, butter cream, etc. shall be required in small quantity.

 

Home Tutoring Business

 

The business of tutoring classes is probably one of the oldest home based businesses in India. It can be started up with low investment and basic infrastructure. Education is a constant in our lives. Every parent worries about their child’s education and there is an ever increasing need for better qualific-ations in a highly competitive world. More and more parents are turning to professional tutoring agents to find the help needed for their children in an education system that does not always provide enough support for children’s differing needs. A tutoring agency provides a valuable and much-appreciated service.

 

What Services you can Offer?

    1.  Subject wise Coaching

    2.  Art/Painting Classes

    3.  Class/standard wise Coaching

 

Internet Business

 

The internet is a classic route to market for the home-based business starter. All you need is a computer, an internet connection and a winning idea. The sting in the tail lies in the last word. The first generation of internet businesses had little unique about their propositions other than being on the ‘net’, which was thought exciting enough. Businesses were floated on stock markets the world over at values unheard of for firms with no sales revenue and in some cases no products. All the basic rules of business apply whatever the route to market, and route to market is really all the internet.

 

Begin Advertising and Marketing

Advertising and marketing on the internet is regulated very similarly to the real world, Similar to the traditional market place, Internet businesses cannot be successful without customers. Uses the Internet to deliver promotional marketing messages to consumers. It includes email marketing, search engine market (SEM), social media marketing, many types of display advertising, mobile advertising.

 

Cleaning Business

Start your own business is the cleaning business model. This is by far the easiest business of all as you can literally start it with nothing other than your own enthusiasm and willingness to work hard.

To begin with you don’t even need to invest in cleaning products or equipment as you can ask your clients to supply them. And if you think that a cleaning business is a dead-end business opportunity, think again. Some of the world’s most successful franchise operations are cleaning businesses.

 

How Easy it is to Start?

You could start tomorrow by following the quick-fire guide below.

Decide on what type of cleaning business you’d want to run. For example, awindow-cleaning business, a general cleaning business aimed at the domestic-market.

Check to see what other operators in your area are charging so you have a generalfeel for how much you should charge.

Get some cards or leaflets printed and drop them through every letterbox in your neighborhood, cafes, library, and so on.

When the phone rings, be professional when visiting your prospective client.

 

Natural Skills

     •  Suited to perfectionists.

     •  You get a kick out of making somewhere tidy.

     •  Happy to be doing physical work all day.

     •  Happy to take orders.

 

Detergent Making

 

Detergent making business qualifies as a small business with humungous potential. You can easily start a Detergent making business from home with little investment. It does not necessarily require a huge working space and can also be started with just 1-2 employees and thus saves a large chunk on the investment amount. Before starting, you should research on the product types and variants as Indian market today is flooded with a vast variety of detergent.

Detergents are also known as Synthetic Detergents. They are different from oil-based soap though both soaps and detergents are surfactants. Their important application is cleaning. Because of a number of advantages Detergents are popular than soaps and its demand is always there if the product possesses both quality and price effectiveness. There are a number of varieties of detergents varying in percentages of active matter present in them and also different colours. Manufacturing process is very simple and only mixing is involved. Hence, this product is best suited for manufacturing in small-scale sector.

Raw Material

Detergents and Shop belong to the same group of chemical products called surface-active agents. These groups of product are amongst other properties, well known for their detergency that is due to the reduction in water surface tension that removes dirt by wetting, lathering and removal. Soaps generally are produced through a reaction known as saponification. This reaction occurs when fat and oil are hydrolyzed in Alkaline.

Production Process

Standard detergent powder manufacturing plant consists of mixing, drying, after drying, packing and antipollution units.

 

Pet Sitting Business

A pet sitting business is a great way to enter the animal industry. As owner of the business you are free to set your own schedule, define your service area, and expand your business to include additional options for clients. Who the customers will be, what will make you different to the others, and how you are going to deliver the products and services.  This will help determine the structure of the business that you are going to form. Then consider that there are thousands of businesses that care for and cater for pets.

The advantages of a pet sitting service are as follows:

     •  Very low start-up costs.

     •  Extremely low overheads.

     •  Lots of spin-off potential.

     •  Quickly builds up a profitable saleable business Market your Pet Sitting Business?

 

Advertising & Marketing

Some of your marketing options include:

     •  Website

     •  Social Media

     •  Online Advertising

     •  Newspaper

     •  Magazine

     •  Car Magnets

     •  Business Card Distribution

 

Gardening Business

 

Decide who your customers are going to be based on your location. For example, decide if you are selling directly to the public or to another gardening business. If you live in town on a busy thoroughfare, you might sell directly to the public. Also choose your type of plants carefully after studying the demand trend and your gardening skills. You will need initial investment in gardening tools and equipments and buying potting containers, soil, seeds and saplings. You can utilize your backyard or terrace for gardening purposes and your gardening skills for cutting on a gardener cost.

 

Home Based Photography Business

 

Photography is a lucrative home-based business option. If you love your camera and are passionate about capturing moments and with a will to make a career out of it then this might be the best business option for you. You can start this business at home with investment majorly in a good quality camera, rest all you need is your skill. In today’s world as much as people love being photographed a large part of population also loves being behind the lens.

 

Keys to Success

The art world is extremely tight-knit. Cliques abound, and if your name isn’t known as one of the “chosen few,” you may not succeed as much as you’d like. Work the art show openings and other functions and attend trade shows and the like if you really want to get your name out there fast. Above all else, be knowledgeable about art. If you’re not, it will definitely show. There are far more talented artists than there are folks to represent them, so the potential to develop your client base quickly is quite high. Be choosy about whom you represent and offer a wide range of artwork for sale to increase your chances of success.

 

Recruitment Business

 

Starting your own recruitment business from home or a small office could turn out to be a lucrative business option for you. The key skill this business requires is the ability to deal with people: to understand them, interpret their needs and to make them feel comfortable. This business can be started from your home space with equipments like a computer, printer and a telephone.

 

Recruitment and Introduction

The overall aim of the recruitment and selections process is to obtain the right number and quality of employee’s required to satisfy the human resources need of the organization. The four stages of recruitment and selection are:

1. Defining Requirements

Preparing job descriptions and specification, deciding terms and conditions of employment.

2. Attracting Candidates

Reviewing and evaluating alternative sources for applicants, inside and outside the organization, advertising, possibly using agencies and consultants.

3. Selecting Candidates

Sifting applications, interviewing, testing, assessing candidates, employment, taking references, employment contract.

4. Introduction

Introduction to the work and the colleagues, to the organization and its main objectives, to terms of employment.

 

Banana Chips Making Business

 

Chips are the most popular variety of snacks on various occasions. Besides being salty, spicy or flavored, consumer preference is always for fresh quality. Potato and banana chips are popular processed food items resulting in substantial value-addition. one of the safest businesses, in terms of risk level, is banana chips making business in India. Indians by their very nature and culture are passionate about food, both cooking and eating, which makes it an attractive business idea for anyone having requisite skills. Home utensils and equipment’s can be easily used for opening your very own business.

 

MARKET POTENTIAL

Demand and Supply

There exists a very large market for chips and they can be sold at various retail outlets, paan shops, bus-stands, railway stations, roadside eateries, etc. There also exists institutional market consisting of clubs and other institutions, school & college canteens, army establishments, bars & pubs, railway and airlines caterers etc.

Selling and Distribution Overheads

In view of competition in the market, there will be need to undertake advertisements in local TV channel, printing of pamphlets, small hoardings etc.

 

Potato Chips and Wafers

Potato is probably the most popular food item in the Indian diet and India is one of the largest producers of potato. It is grown all over the country with Uttar Pradesh growing the maximum quantity. Potato is a very rich source of starch. It also contains phosphorus, calcium, iron and some vitamin C and A. The protein calorie ratio is high. Boiling potatoes increases their protein content and almost doubles their calcium content. It is vastly consumed as a vegetable and is also used in various forms such as starch, flour, alcohol, and dextrin and livestock fodder. Besides being used as a daily food item in various vegetable preparations, potato today increasingly finds use in the form of chips or wafers as snacks food.

The Manufacturing Process

The production process mainly comprises of the following steps:-

Washing and Peeling: Fully grown and ripe potatoes are firstly thoroughly washed before peeling them with the help of a peeler. Then these potatoes are trimmed and put in brine water for 30-35 minutes to prevent browning.

Slicing and Blanching: Afterwards they are cut in the required sizes on slicing machine. These slices are blanched in boiling water.

Drying and Frying: Then the blanched potatoes are placed on drying trays which are then put in the drying machine. Temperature of dryer is maintained in the range of 140 to 150O F. After drying, they are fried in edible oil to make them crisp and brown.

Packaging: The fried potato wafers are then kept on the sieve to remove excess of oil, cooled and other ingredients like salts, spicy mixture is sprayed as per required taste.

 

Leather Purse and Hand Bags

The leather industry occupies a place of prominence in the Indian economy in view of its massive potential for employment, growth and exports.  Endowed with the largest cattle population in any country of the world and cheap and abundant manpower, India is well-equipped to have the comparative advantage in the production of leather and leather goods. You make unusual and interesting quality handbags and purses, wallets and clutches and other items. 

 

Main Machinery and Equipment

Flat-bed Sewing Machine (foot-operated), Cylinder-Bed

Sewing Machine, Stumping Machine

Cost of Machinery Rs. 1,60,000

Power Consumption 1 H.P.

 

Biscuit Manufacturing Unit

Biscuit Manufacturing Unit Biscuit making is a conventional activity in many parts of the country. Despite the advent of modern, large capacity and automatic biscuit making plants, large section of people especially in semi-urban and rural areas still prefer fresh biscuits from local bakery as they are cheap and offer many varieties. These manufacturers are able to cater to some typical local palate as well. Thus, they are able to withstand competition from organized sector units.

Manufacturing Process

The production process involves the following unit operations; raw material preparation, dough mixing, laminating, cutting/moulding, baking, cooling, stacking and packing. All materials except flour are preparatory mixed in a certain cream mixer. Materials used at this stage are sugar, shortening, salt, millet jelly, glucose, starch etc. Materials premixed in the previous stage are put into the mixing machine with flow and undergone fermentation. Then the dough is rolled by laminator and the dough sheet is made and it is automatically punched in a moulded design by a cutting machine Biscuit is then baked on a steel belt (or wire mesh belt) running in the oven for some minutes.

 

Papad Manufacturing Unit

Papad is a popular and tasty food item in the Indian diet since many centuries. It is essentially a wafer-like product, round in shape and made from dough of powdered pulses, spices, powdered chilly and salt. Variety of pulses and proportion of pulses and spices varies from region to region depending upon preferences of local people whereas certain varieties are popular on a larger scale. Traditionally this activity was confined to household papad making but in view of increasing demand and availability of machinery (mechanisation) it has now been developed in cottage and small scale sector

Main Machinery and Equipments

Papad Making Machine, Flour Kneading Machine.

Cutting Machine, Loi-pressing Machine, etc.

Cost of Machinery Rs. 1,75,000

Power Consumption 2 H.P.

 

Pickles Manufacturing Unit

Mango is a fruit which has many varieties and is grown in majority of the states of the country. Pulp or juice of ripe mangoes is consumed along with main course. Many taste enrichers are made from unripe mangoes and their shelf life is enhanced either by processing them or by using preservatives. Pickles, chutneys and many sweet preparations like murabba are made from unripe or semi-ripe mangoes. This fruit is available only during 4-5 months every year and is generally liked by every one. Mangoes are grown all over the country and Bihar and Jharkhand states have ample production of mangoes and thus mango processing can be started after assessing the market.

 

Spices Manufacturing Unit

 

Spices are most important constituents of Indian food and cuisines, and are used not only for household purpose, but also in hotels, restaurants, eateries and food processing industries. In the regions where spicy food is consumed, Cumin is an important part of most recipes. Cumin is used in whole, grounded form-pure and also forms part of various blended special purpose spices, which are used to add flavors to various dishes through out India and Asia. Turmeric is another important spice largely used in Indian cuisines and it also has several medicinal uses.

Raw Materials

Black Pepper, Red Chilli Powder, Corinader, Turmeric Powder.

Main Machinery and Equipments

Spice Grinding Machine, Plastic Sealing Machine,

Cost of Machinery Rs.1,50,000

Power Consumption 10 H.P.

 

Ice-Cream Cones Manufacturing Unit

 

Ice cream cones are a mass consumption item. An ice cream cone, poke or cornet is a dry, cone-shaped pastry, usually made of a wafer similar in texture to a waffle, which enables ice cream to be held in the hand and eaten without a bowl or spoon. Ice creams are available in many varieties and flavors and are served in many ways such as cups, cones, bricks, candies, slices etc.

 

Manufacturing Process

Ice-cream cone makers are available. Initially corn and wheat flour is mixed with water and required quantity of colour and flavours are added. Then this dough is fed to the cone making machine. The machine makes cones as per the mould they are baked-in and ready cones come out of it. 50 or 100 cones are packed in polythene bags.

 

Honey Processing Unit

 

The best known primary products of beekeeping are honey and wax. The products are consumed in the state. Treditionally honey is considered the major beekeeping product. Wax has played a considerable role in only a few parts of the world and propolis is even less known. However, with increasing knowledge about beekeeping and an awareness of the beneficial aspects of many bee products, the use and demand for other products is increasing. The inclusion of natural bee products in cosmetics, medicines and foods hasimproved consumer appeal. While such appeal is not always based on scientific evidence,more and more studies confirm at least some of the treditionally claimed benefits of primary bee products.

 

Tutti-Fruitti Making Unit

 

Tutti-Frutti is a processed fruit product prepared from raw papaya. It finds wide use in bakery and confectionery products, jellies, puddings and sweetmeats. It is used in households commonly as a topping in sweets, cakes and puddings. Children prefer to consume it per se as a pastime delicacy. Having a dual market both commercial and domestic with varying tastes and flavours, the product has gained importance in the processing industry. It is a mass consumption item across the country. Children & young generation are very fond of it.

Raw Materials

Papaya, Cucumber, Sugar, Flowers, Edible Colours and Packing Material.

 

Confectionery Production Unit

 

Confectionery items are more favorite among the children’s as well as for elders, which are being consumed throughout the world. The palm sugar has got medicinal value and it is made out of its base product. If the confectionery items are made out of palm sugar, which have natural heritage will be different from the normal confectionery items available in the market Thereby the unit can provide a nutritious as well as different tastes confectionery to the market.

Raw Materials

Sugar, Colour, Packing Material, etc.

Main Machinery and Equipments

Chips Cutting Machine, Balance Scale

Cost of Machinery Rs. 1,50,000

Power Consumption 3 H.P.

 

Jam—Jelly Making Unit

 

Jam and jelly are made from fruits and they are being made since long in different forms. The methods of production were not very sophisticated but these products were made in conventional manner in many homes. Since availability of fruits is only seasonal, mankind had found out various ways to preserve them for consumption during off-season. Thus, jam & jelly were popular, albeit in different forms since long. With fruit processing techniques being modernised, we see them in present day refined version. But this note is about producing these products with conventional methods on a very small scale.

 

Bread Manufacturing Unit

 

In many pockets of the world, bread is a staple food item with almost every meal and it is a basic food product incuisines such as Mediterranean, Italian and Indian cuisinesbread may or may not be an important part of every cuisine, but it is definitely an important food item. It comes in various varieties, forms and shapes and is used differently in dishes. Bread is a huge source of nutrition and contains good amount of carbohydrates and fiber. Importance of bread comes from the fact that it is a huge source of carbohydrates which are an essential part of one’s daily diet. Our diet should comprise of at least 45-50% of food in the form of carbohydrates. The fibrous content in the bread keeps the digestive system in order. Since bread has many varieties such as plain, multi grain, whole wheat, etc. each of these varieties has some benefits.  Since the popularity of bread is rising, a lot of people bake their own breads at home.

Raw Materials

Baking Pans, Mixer, Sugar, Flour, White Flour, Salt, Vegetables, Mineral Yeast, Etc.

 

Noodles Manufacturing Unit

 

Cereals like wheat, rice, maize and millets are staple food grain for majority of population around the world. These are the rich source of carbohydrates and supply of calorie and other nutrients to the consumers. Apart from value addition by processing to traditional products from these grains, development of Newer products offers Variety, Convenience, Quality, Cost efficiency and Scope for increasing nutritional value. In the developed countries many convenience foods are prepared by extrusion process using extruder, as it offers a large number of desired characteristic to be incorporated in the product.

 

Manufacturing Process

Noodles is the term being used to designate products made from blend of flour, the major component of which is rice flour, buck wheat flour, wheat flour, and from bean, potato, mung bean and corn starch. The major manufacturing process is depend on the presence or absence of gluten. Small amounts of nutrients may be added but these do not affect the organoleptic qualities or processing properties of the material. Water is added in the extrusion step and is removed by drying, except when it is sold as fresh product. Wheat flour noodles are usually produced by sheeting and rolling, while other types are typically produced by extrusion or batter cooking methods.

 

Cattle Feed/Poultry Feed

 

Cattle and poultry feed are mixtures of various ingredients like maize, rice bran, groundnut cake, molasses, soyabean cake, fish meal etc. The composition of cattle/poultry feed can be varied depending on the availability of various raw materials. Balanced feed is essential for proper growth of cattle and chicks and consequently to increase the output of milk, broiler/eggs. The per capita consumption of milk and poultry products is very low in the north eastern region and there is great need to increase the production. Development of dairy and poultry farms is receiving increasing attention considering the nutritional requirements of the population as well as large employment opportunities generated by these activities.

Raw Materials

Groundnut cake, Hay (Wheat bran), Paddy (Rice bran), Maize, Cotton seeds, molasses, salt, Calcium-carbonate, vitamin mixture, mineral mixture, Maize-gluter meat, etc.

 

Ice Candy Manufacturing Unit

 

Ice candy is liked by the children well. It has very good market potential during summer. Ice candies, Icee-style candies and ice poles are great things to have during the summer and maybe even in the winter! Making your own is easy and also, you’ll be able to pick whatever flavour. From piña coladas to mangos, the flavours come in a great variety... it’s up to you.

 

Manufacturing Process

The required quantity of water is taken into container, colours and essence are mixed throughly and filled in candy blocks. Bamboo sticks inserted into candy holes and placed in the freeze for solidifcation. After cooling, they are removed and placed in cold chamber.

 

Namkeen Manufacturing

Namkeen is very popular fast food item used in day-to-day life in almost all houses in the country and also in abroad. Because of the taste and aroma of the product, the product has secured a very good market demand. The product is prepared in different tastes in accordance with the taste of the people of that region. Items like masala puffed rice, chevda, fried peas, dal-muth, roasted masala peanuts etc. The product is packed in polythene pouches by using simple technology.

Raw Materials

Besan, Sugar, Poha, Singhdana, Maize, Moong, Mogar, Masoor, Gram Pulse, Pepper, Turmeric, Salt (black), Ajwain, Oil and Polythene Bags.

 

Vermicelli Manufacturing Unit

 

Vermicelli is a popular instant food product. It falls under the category of extruded product and is made from wheat flour. At times tapioca or soybean or groundnut flour is also added. Thus, it is rich in proteins and liked by people from all walks of life, irrespective of age. It is basically a snack food item and at times it is also used as a table enricher. With changing lifestyles, greater awareness about health and preference for instant food items have made vermicelli very popular and an item of mass consumption.

 

Herbs Tooth Powder

 

Tooth powder is a mildly abrasive powder that is used in combination with a toothbrush to maintain oral hygiene. Your mouth will come alive, your teeth and gums will feel fresh and clean and you’ll feel good knowing that you’re family is using a safe and natural tooth powder. Many people in developed nations prefer to use toothpaste, which is simply hydrated powder in a tube. Depending on where a person is, commercially produced tooth powder may be easy or difficult to obtain, and people can also make their own at home with common household ingredients. Since it is often significantly cheaper than toothpaste, the product appeals to some people.

Raw Materials

Camphor in Powder Form

Cinnamon Powder

Dried Ginger Powder

Cloves Powder

Natural Chalk

Betel Nut Powder or Bhasma

Black Pepper Powder

 

Chalk Manufacturing Unit

 

Chalk is been used every day in schools. As the establishment of public and private schools need for chalk continue to increase and this as make chalk one of the fastest selling product in the market, although white board and markers has been seen as an alternative for blackboard and chalk, still chalk is on the high demand. Chalks are no longer imported heavily into this country again because the production of quality chalk is also increasing due to the availability of raw materials that can be used for it production. There is nothing that can limit you from going into chalk production because there is no certificate or skills involved, only the recipe and guide on how to produce it is what you need and also developing a plan on how you are going to market it. The process of chalk production is very simple and straight forward.

 

Manufacturing Process

STEP 1 Pour some Plaster of Paris into a container, preferably a bucket, and add water. Use your hand to mix the POP with the water until it forms a paste.

STEP 2 Using the paint brush, lubricate the surface of the chalk mould properly with a solution of cooking oil + kerosene, to prevent the Plaster of Paris from sticking to the mould.

STEP 3 Arrange the mould, then pour the pasty mixture into it and allow it for 15 to 20 minutes to solidify before loosening the mould.

STEP 4 When you are sure that the chalk has formed, loose the mould and collect the chalk produced for sun drying or through mechanical dryer.

STEP 5 After sun drying for 2 to 3 days, package the chalk in branded carton packs and school chalk is ready for sale.

 

Herbal Shampoo Manufacturing Unit

 

Most shampoos available in the market has chemicals in it especially sodium lauryl sulfate. It is a detergent which causes dryness of hair, hair loss and even allergic reaction in some people. You can make your own herbal shampoo at home without any synthetic chemicals using natural ingredients.

It is not only very cheap but also cleanses and conditions your hair effectively and wonderfully.

Raw Materials

Shikakai 

Dried Lemon Peels

Orange Peels

Curry Leaves (dried)

Hibiscus Flowers (ordinary red flower alone)

Main Machinery and Equipments

Grinder, Pulveriser, Mixer, Balance, Bottle Sealing Machine.

Cost of Machinery Rs. 80,000

Power Consumption 5 H. P.

 

Agarbatti Manufacturing Unit

 

India is a vast country and the Indian people follow various religions, speak different languages and follow different customs and traditions. Inspite of this diversity, all people use Agarbatti(Incense sticks) at all the places of worship, religious functions, festive occasions, weddings. This itself speaks volumes of the paramount importance Agarbatti has. Besides, it is also used as air- freshener.

Main Machinery and Equipments

Hand Operated Sieves, Wooden Blocks, Wooden Jacks, Plastic Tray, Aluminium Tray, Weighing Machine, Woodentables, Mixer Cum Grinder, Pulveriser etc.

Cost of Machinery Rs. 1,00,000

 

Detergent Powder Manufacturing Unit

 

Detergents are chemicals that are effective surface and coming instead of soap in many of the uses and areas , in the home and even the factory are preferred in some uses because of its specification is better than soap in hand uses this.

Manufacturing Process

Mixing unit: Alkyl benzene sulphonic acid is neutralized and mixed with builders such as sodium tri polyphosphate, sodium silicate, sodium sulphate and other minor ingredients. This detergent slurry is transferred to the top of the spray drying tower by high pressure pump.

Drying unit: The mixed slurry is sprayed from the nozzles at the top of the drying tower. The sprayed detergent slurry is dried by hot air coming from the furnace. The dried detergent powder is taken out at the bottom of the tower, and is transferred to the sieve by belt conveyor and air lift equipment.

After drying unit: Fine shaped detergent powder is screened by the sieve and stocked in baggies after being perfumed.

Packing unit: The final product is packed here. Detergent powder is fed into the packing machine from baggies.

 

Phenyl Manufacturing Unit

Phenyl is pine oil emulsion in water. Phenyl is very good cleaners having disinfecting and deodorizing properties. Phenyl is finding wide spread use and acceptance as hard surface cleaner to remove greasy, fatty and oily soils or various non-porous hard surfaces like floors, bathrooms marbles, ceramics, metals, plastics, concrete, granite, walls, cabinet, appliances etc. Phenyl assist in the removal of dirt and grim and leave all surfaces and atmosphere pleasantly smelling. It is being popular day by day in India in homes, hospitals, clinics, veterinary clinics, restaurants, factories, food establishments, offices, shops, schools, institutions, government departments etc.

 

Rubber Band Manufacturing Unit

Think of rubber and you probably think of elastic bands, car tires, or pencil erasers. But this super-stretchy material actually finds its way into tens of thousands of different products—everything from rubber stamps and waterproof shoes to surfing wetsuits, swimming caps, and dishwasher hoses. Rubber, which has been commonly used for over 1000 years, once came entirely from natural sources; now rubber products are just as likely to be made artificially in chemical plants. That’s largely because we can’t produce enough natural rubber to meet all our needs. And that, in turn, is because rubber is so fantastically useful.

 

Laundry Soap Manufacturing Unit

 

Laundry soap is one of the most essential house-hold items that humans use daily. It commands regular or constant demand in the market place. It is in the group of useful commodities like food items, water, clothes, and shelter that we can not do without. Little wonder that the soap making business has not suffered any set back in spite of the global economic melt-down.

 

Manufacturing Process

Pour Palm kernel oil into the mixer (container), and then add caustic soda solution.

And continue stirring. Add soda ash and stir. Add sodium sulphate and perfume. If you want to produce soap of various colours, then add the colouring you desire—yellow or blue or green. Pour the pap-like solution into the mould that has already been covered by nylon. Spread the soap solution in the mould. Allow the soap solution to dry for 3 hours. Remove the nylon and what you have is the slab of soap. Then cut the soap into various bar sizes. It is ready for use and for sell, wholesale and/ or retail.

 

Paper Clips Manufacturing Unit

 

The paper clip evolved to fill a specific need. A large amount of paper could be bound into a book in order to hold the leaves together. Binding was not a viable solution to keep together a few sheets, such as a short set of records or receipts. They could slit the pages in the corner, making two short parallel cuts. Then ribbon or string could be threaded through the slits, the ends tied and often sealed with wax. The second method was to take a common straight pin and pin the sheets together.

Manufacturing Process

    1.  The process begins with a huge spool of galvanized steel wire. A worker feeds the end of the wire into the paper clip machine. A finished paper clip has three bends. The machine forms the wire into these three bends by cutting it and passing it by three small wheels. The wheels are slightly roughened, and catch the length of wire as it passes.

    2.  The first wheel turns the wire 180 degrees, making the first bend, the second makes the next bend, and the third wheel makes the final turn. The entire process is so quick, the machine can churn out hundreds of clips a minute.

    3.  The finished paper clips fall into open boxes.

Surgical Bandage Manufacturing Unit

 

Surgical Bandage is the products manufactured from white bleached cotton gauge cloth of suitable quality. Absorbent cotton also known as surgical cotton is used mainly for medical purposes. Raw cotton is purified by a series of processed and rendered hydrophile in character besides rendering it free from other external organic impurities. Purified cotton is made from superior grade cotton fibers. It is bleached to pure white colour, softened and freed from pieces of thread, leaf, shell, fiber, dust and other organic matters. The absorbent cotton when impregnated with capscuium celnrsin and methyl salicylate gives capscuium cotton/wool which can be used as counter irritant and in the treatment of rheumatic producing heat on undamaged skin.

 

Sewing Thread Manufacturing Unit

 

Natural textile products such as cotton thread, silk thread, etc. have been used as sewing thread before. Nowadays, however, chemical fiber products such as polyester thread, nylon thread, etc. are largely used. Filament thread, spun thread, woolly thread, mono-filament thread, etc. are properly used in accordance with materials or applications.

Raw Materials

White Cotton Thread Lot, Paper Tubes, Cellophane Paper, Table, Packing Boxes, etc.

 

Hair Oil Manufacturing Unit

Hair Oil is a small scale unit. Hair enhances the appearance and personality and thus needs proper care. Hair oil is essentially used to protect hair from early falling and/or premature discolouring to gray. Moreover, application of proper oil helps to add luster to the hair, retaining them soft and flowing, prevent premature hair falling, keep the brain cool etc. The oil should be non-sticky, addition of perfume improves the fragrance and freshness and enhances the popularity.

Raw Materials

Coconut Oil, Caster Oil, Perfume, Colours, etc.

Main Machinery and Equipments

Mixing Tank, Filling Machine, Sealing Machines, Bottles Washing Machine, Bottle Drier, Fitter Press, Testing Equipment, etc.

Cost of Machinery Rs. 1,00,000

Mixing Tank

Filling Machine

Sealing Machines