In India dairying has been practiced as a rural cottage industry since the remote past. Semi commercial dairying started with the establishment of military dairy farms and cooperative milk unions throughout the country towards the end of the Nineteenth century. However market milk technology may be considered to have commenced in 1950, with the functioning of the Central Dairy of Aarey milk colony, and milk product technology in 1956 with the establishment of AMUL Dairy, Anand.

 

The importance of milk in human diet especially for children and expectant and nursing matters is vital. To meet the demand of the increasing population milk production in India has to be increased. It is neither possible nor desirable to increase the cattle and buffalo population to achieve this target. This can only be achieved by stepping up milk production of our bovine population by cross breeding of cows and use of improved cows and cow.

 

In choosing dairying as a life work, plan to develop the best herd possible. New programs, such as artificial breeding, have helped to remove some of the most difficult problems in the development and improvement of dairy herds. Not only will you want to development pride of ownership of a good herd of cows but also you will want to produce high quality milk as efficiently as possible.

 

Milk is a naturally nutrient rich and affordable product, with a high nutrient to energy ratio. Milk and dairy products are an important food group in many national dietary guidelines and may play a role in dietary quality.

 

Few Indian Major Players are as under

·         Amrut Industries Ltd.

·         Anmol Dairy Ltd.

·         Hatsun Agro Products Ltd.

·         Heritage Foods Ltd.

·         Herman Milkfoods Ltd.

·         Indiana Dairy Specialities Ltd.

·         Kwality Ltd.

·         Mother Dairy Fruit & Vegetables Pvt. Ltd.

·         Mother Dairy India Ltd.

·         Mother Dairy Kerala Ltd.

·         Nikumbh Dairy Products Ltd.

·         Premier Industries (India) Ltd.

·         V R S Foods Ltd.

·         Vimal Dairy Ltd.

 

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Table of Contents

 

1.       District Profile & Geotechnical Site Characterization

1.1.    General

1.2.    Geography

1.3.    Demographics

1.4.    Map

1.5.    Economy

1.6.    Transport

2.       Introduction

2.1.    Livestock Importance in Rural India

2.2.    Dairy Technology

3.       Origin and Historical Background of Dairy Industry

4.       Use & Applications of Milk

5.       B.I.S. Specification

6.       Composition of Milk

6.1.    Chemical Composition of Milk of Different Species

6.2.    Chemical Composition of Milk of Indian Breeds

6.3.    Chemical Composition of Milk of Foreign Breeds of Cow

7.       Physical Characteristics of Milk

8.       Properties of Milk

9.       Breeds of Indian Cattle

10.   Feeding Practices of Dairy Cattle

10.1.Digestible Nutrients in Different Feeds (Percent)

11.   Classification of Feedstuffs

12.   Cattle Desease and Treatment

12.1.Some Vaccination Schedule for Dairy Animals

13.   Market Survey

13.1.Dairy Farming

13.2.Dairy Farming in India

13.3.Milk Production by States

13.4.Milk Production

13.5.Value-added Dairy Products

13.6.Production Policy and Environs

13.7.Processing and Food Safety

13.8.Conclusion

14.   Financials & Comparison of Major INDIAN Players/Companies

14.1.About Financial Statements of CMIE Database

14.2.Profits & Appropriations

14.3.Total Liabilities

14.4.Total Assets

14.5.Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities

14.6.Section – I

14.6.1.Name of Company with Contact Details

14.6.2.Name of Director(S)

14.6.3.Plant Capacity

14.6.4.Location of Plant

14.6.5.Name of Raw Material(S) Consumed with Quantity & Cost

14.7.Section – II

14.7.1.Assets

14.7.2.Cash Flow

14.7.3.Cost as % Ge of Sales

14.7.4.Forex Transaction

14.7.5.Growth in Assets & Liabilities

14.7.6.Growth in Income & Expenditure

14.7.7.Income & Expenditure

14.7.8.Liabilities

14.7.9.Liquidity Ratios

14.7.10.    Profitability Ratio

14.7.11.    Profits

14.7.12.    Return Ratios

14.7.13.    Structure of Assets & Liabilities (%)

14.8.Working Capital & Turnover Ratios

15.   Export Statistics Data OF INDIA

15.1.Export Statistics Data Pasteurised Milk

15.2.Export Statistics Data Pasteurised Curd

16.   Present Manufacturers

17.   Starting a Dairy Farm

17.1.Training

17.1.1.Vocational

17.1.2.On Farm

17.1.3.Choosing the Project

17.1.4.Business Judgement

17.1.5.Mechanical Ability

17.1.6.Developing Patience and Even Temperament

17.1.7.Keeping Up with New Developments

17.1.8.Purchase of Dairy Cattle

17.1.9.Commencing with Small Project

17.1.10.    Wages Agreement

17.1.11.    Types of Labour

17.1.12.    Kinds of Labour Needed

18.   Feeding Dairy Cattle

18.1.Forages

18.2.Concentrates

18.3.Vitamins and Minerals

18.3.1.Water

18.4.Feeding Systems

19.   Milking

19.1.Milking By Hand

19.2.Milking By Machines

20.   Milk & Its Product Specification

20.1.Skimmed Milk

20.2.Double Toned

20.3.Toned Milk

20.4.Standard Milk

20.5.Full Cream Milk

21.   Milk Processing

21.1.Filtration

21.2.Standardization

21.3.Clarification

21.4.Refrigeration or Freezing System

21.5.Testing:

21.6.Packing

22.   Milk Processing Flow Diagram

23.   Process of Flavored Milk

24.   Process of Making Curd

25.   Process Flow Diagram of Curd

26.   Effluent Treatment Plant

26.1.Need to Treat Dairy Sewage Waste Water

26.2.Waste Management

26.2.1.Selection of Waste Treatment Technology

26.3.Waste Water Treatment Methods

27.   Cattle Housing

27.1.Advantages of Adequate Housing

27.2.Layout of Dairy Farm

27.2.1.Factors of Economic Importance in Planning A Good Layout of Dairy Farm

27.2.2.Factors Affecting Cost of Livestock Housing Complex

28.   Plant Layout for Dairy Farm

29.   Suppliers of Plant & Machinery

29.1.Complete Machinery Suppliers

29.2.Milk Tanker

29.3.Milking Machine

29.4.Dairy Machineries

29.5.Storage Tank

29.6.Aluminium Containers

29.7.Refrigeration Unit

29.8.Milk Processing

29.9.Packaging Machinery

29.10.   Maintenance Equipments

29.11.   Misc. Material Handling Equip.

30.   Suppliers of Raw Material

30.1.Cattle Feed

30.2.Veterinary Medicines

30.3.Milk Pouch Film

30.4.Lab Chemicals

31.   Machinery, Product & Cow Photographs

31.1.Steam Boiler

31.2.Homegeniser

31.3.Pouch Filing Machine

31.4.Sealing Machine

31.5.Bulk Tank

31.6.Pasteurisation

32.  Plant Layout

33.  Quotation of Plant, Machinery and Equipments from Supplier

PROJECT FINANCIALS

·         Project at a Glance

Annexure

·         Assumptions for Profitability workings ….…………………………………………....................... 1

·         Plant Economics…………………………………………………………………………….................... 2

·         Production Schedule……………………………………………………………………….................... 3

·         Land & Building…………………………………………………………………………….................... 4

§  Factory Land & Building

§  Site Development Expenses

·         Plant & Machinery………………………………………………………………………….................... 5

§  Indigenous Machineries

§  Other Machineries (Miscellaneous, Laboratory etc.)

·         Other Fixed Assets………………………………………………………………………….................... 6

§  Furniture & Fixtures

§  Pre-operative and Preliminary Expenses

§  Technical Knowhow

§  Provision of Contingencies

·         Working Capital Requirement Per Month………………………………………………................. 7

§  Raw Material

§  Packing Material

§  Lab & ETP Chemical Cost

§  Consumable Store

·         Overheads Required Per Month and Per Annum ……………………………………................. .8

§  Utilities & Overheads (Power, Water and Fuel Expenses etc.)

§  Royalty and Other Charges

§  Selling and Distribution Expenses

·         Salary and Wages ……………………………………………………………………………................. 9

·         Turnover Per Annum ………………………………………………………………………................ 10

·         Share Capital…………………………………………………………………………………................ 11

§  Equity Capital

§  Preference Share Capital

 

•        Annexure 1            ::        Cost of Project and Means of Finance

•        Annexure 2            ::        Profitability and Net Cash Accruals

§  Revenue/Income/Realisation

§  Expenses/Cost of Products/Services/Items

§  Gross Profit

§  Financial Charges    

§  Total Cost of Sales

§  Net Profit After Taxes

§  Net Cash Accruals

 

•        Annexure 3            ::        Assessment of Working Capital requirements

§  Current Assets

§  Gross Working Capital

§  Current Liabilities

§  Net Working Capital

§  Working Note for Calculation of Work-in-process

 

•        Annexure 4            ::        Sources and Disposition of Funds

•        Annexure 5            ::        Projected Balance Sheets

§  ROI (Average of Fixed Assets)

§  RONW (Average of Share Capital)

§  ROI (Average of Total Assets)

 

•        Annexure 6            ::        Profitability ratios

§  D.S.C.R

§  Earnings Per Share (EPS)

§  Debt Equity Ratio

 

•        Annexure 7            ::        Break-Even Analysis

§  Variable Cost & Expenses

§  Semi-Variable/Semi-Fixed Expenses

§  Profit Volume Ratio (PVR)

§  Fixed Expenses / Cost 

§  B.E.P

 

•        Annexure 8 to 11   ::        Sensitivity Analysis-Price/Volume

§  Resultant N.P.B.T

§  Resultant D.S.C.R

§  Resultant PV Ratio

§  Resultant DER

§  Resultant ROI

§  Resultant BEP

 

•        Annexure 12          ::        Shareholding Pattern and Stake Status

§  Equity Capital

§  Preference Share Capital

 

•        Annexure 13          ::        Quantitative Details-Output/Sales/Stocks

§  Determined Capacity P.A of Products/Services

§  Achievable Efficiency/Yield % of Products/Services/Items 

§  Net Usable Load/Capacity of Products/Services/Items   

§  Expected Sales/ Revenue/ Income of Products/ Services/ Items   

 

•        Annexure 14          ::        Product wise domestic Sales Realisation

•        Annexure 15          ::        Total Raw Material Cost

•        Annexure 16          ::        Raw Material Cost per unit

•        Annexure 17          ::        Total Lab & ETP Chemical Cost

•        Annexure 18          ::        Consumables, Store etc.

•        Annexure 19          ::        Packing Material Cost

•        Annexure 20          ::        Packing Material Cost Per Unit

•        Annexure 21          ::        Employees Expenses

•        Annexure 22          ::        Fuel Expenses

•        Annexure 23          ::        Power/Electricity Expenses

•        Annexure 24          ::        Royalty & Other Charges

•        Annexure 25          ::        Repairs & Maintenance Expenses

•        Annexure 26          ::        Other Manufacturing Expenses

•        Annexure 27          ::        Administration Expenses

•        Annexure 28          ::        Selling Expenses

•        Annexure 29          ::        Depreciation Charges – as per Books (Total)

•        Annexure 30          ::        Depreciation Charges – as per Books (P & M)

•        Annexure 31          ::        Depreciation Charges - as per IT Act WDV (Total)

•        Annexure 32          ::        Depreciation Charges - as per IT Act WDV (P & M)

•        Annexure 33          ::        Interest and Repayment - Term Loans

•        Annexure 34          ::        Tax on Profits

•        Annexure 35          ::        Projected Pay-Back Period And IRR