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Selected Formulary Book on Cosmetics, Drugs, Cleaners, Soaps and Detergents (2nd Revised Edition)

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Selected Formulary Book on Cosmetics, Drugs, Cleaners, Soaps and Detergents (2nd Revised Edition)

Author: NPCS Board of Consultants & Engineers
Format: Paperback
ISBN: 9789381039731
Code: NI315
Pages: 416
Price: Rs. 1,475.00   US$ 150.00

Published: 2016
Publisher: NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES
Usually ships within 5 days



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Cosmetics are linked to the aesthetics of beauty and have been used for centuries to improved the appearance and enhance attractiveness. Besides helping us with our personal hygiene, cosmetics have become vital to our self-esteem and largely determine how other people treat us and our ability to influence them. Cosmetic products are segmented into skin care products, hair care products, color cosmetics, fragrances, etc. A soap or a detergent is a material which, when dissolved in water, aids the removal of dirt from a surface. The soap, detergent product industry is vivacious, varied, creative and tricky and has the prospective to provide a gratifying career.

The increasing demand for advanced and sophisticated cosmetics, soaps and detergent is an important driving factor in the market. The market for soaps & detergents in Asia Pacific is likely to expand significantly due to the changing lifestyle of people and growing modernization. Presently, the retail sale segment generates a larger share of the overall global market revenue. The distribution channels such as supermarkets, department stores, pharmacy & drug stores, specialty stores, beauty salons, Internet retailing, and shopping complexes play an essential role in meeting the demand for these products.

The book contains processes formulae, plant & machinery suppliers with their photographs and providing information regarding manufacturing method of various products. Some of the fundamentals of the book are cosmetics and drugs, ocean bathing salt, oxygen bathing salt, medical bathing salts, carlsbad well, hallein well, sodium thiosulphate plus acid, bath water, alcoholic sulphur hair lotion, scalp stimulant, hair wave concentrate, hair setting concentrate, hair fixative cream, hair fixative perfumes, hair oil, shampoo Powder, cleansers, soaps and detergents, cleaning skins and leather, glass cleaning, dish washing powder, stain removers, bleaching agent, soft soap, laundry soap etc.

This book will be a mile stone for its readers who are new to this sector, will also find useful for professionals, entrepreneurs, those studying and researching in this important area.

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Contents

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1. COSMETICS AND DRUGS

Pine Needle Bathing Salt
Ocean Bathing Salt
Oxygen Bathing Salt
Medical Bathing Salts
Carlsbad Well
Friedrichshall
Reichenhall
Kreuznach
Hallein Well
Vichy
Mud Bath Salt
“Saltrate Rodell”
Stimulating Bathing Salt
Effervescent Tablets for Baths
Effervescent Tablets with
Wetting Agents
Steel (Iron) Baths
Sulphur Baths
Sodium Thiosulphate plus
Acid Bath-Water
Bain de la Parisienne
Carbon Dioxide Baths
Mud Bath
Foot-Bath Powders (or Tablets) with Perborate
Cold Creams
Greaseless Cold Cream
Cold Cream
Glycerin Cold Cream
Triethanolamine Cold Cream
Cleansing Cream
Nourishing Cream
Liquid Nourishing Cream
Non-Irritating Creams
Vanishing Cream
Cleansing Cream
After Shaving Cream
Latherless Shaving Cream
Massage Cream
Massage Preparations
Almond Hand-Cleansing
Paste
Glycerin Type
Glycerin Jelly for the Handa
Glycerin Honey Jelly
Protective Hand Creams
Cuticle Softener
Skin Cream
“Penetran” Skin Cosmetic
Wrinkle “Removing” Creams
Skin “Food”
Mosquito Repelling Cream
Mosquito Repellants
Mosquito Protection Cream
(Non-Greasy)
All Weather Cream
Night Cream (Greasy)
Non-Greasy Cream
Liquid cream
Turtle Oil Cream
Boro-Glycerin Lanolin
Cream
Menthol Cream
Lemon Juice Cream
Ink Removing Cream
Deodorant Cream
British Patent 425,059
Powder Cream Base
Ruggles’ Cream
Skin Oil with Isocholesterin
Skin Oil with Lanolin
Skin Oil with Wool Wax
Skin Oil with Cetyl Alcohol
Skin Oil with Triethanolamine
Oleate
Non-Irritating Skin Oil
Lecithin Skin Oil
Skin Oil “Huile
Ambrosiaque”
Skin Oil with Wool Fat
Alcohols Parachol
Skin Cleansing Oil
Skin Nourishing Oil
Skin “Stimulating” Oils
Astringent Skin Oil
Witch Hazel Skin Oil
Massage Oil
Muscle Oil
Sport Oil (for Swimmers)
Cholesterin Oil
Cholesterin-Lecithin Oil
Face Lotions
For Dry Skin : No. 6
Face Lotion (For Dry Skin)
Face Lotion (For Oily Skin)
Acne Face Lotion
Face Water
Prophylactic Face Waters
Kummerfeld’s (Face) Water
Sulphur, Colloidal or Finely
Sulphur Face Water
Skin Lotion
Modern Glycerin-Sulphur
Lotion
Glycerin and Cucumber
Lotion
Cucumber and Egg Lotion
Face Water, Acid
Face Water, Astringent
Skin Hardener
Strong Astringent Lotion
Face Water with Witch
Hazel
Modern Neutral Face Water
Face Water for Mottled Skin or Freckles
Freckle Lotion
Skin Cleansing Lotion
British Patent 423,426
Liquid Deep Pore Cleanser
Face Pack
Hand Lotion Formula No. 1
Low Cost Almond Lotion
Rose Lotion
Lemon Lotion
Milky Lotion with Pectin
Base Emulsion
Bathing Milk
Benzoin Milk
Glycerin Toilette Water
Dusty Odor Face Lotions (vi)
Eau de Quinine
Eau de Cologne (50%)
Chypre Head Lotion
Alcoholic Sulphur Hair
Lotion
Preparation for Head
Massage
Scalp Stimulant
Hair Wave Concentrate
Hair Setting Concentrate
Liquid Hair Fixative
Brilliantine
Non-Greasy Brilliantine
Hair Fixative Cream
Hair Fixative Perfumes
Hair Oil
Soapless Shampoo
Soapless Shampoo Powder
“Oil-Hair Wash”
Egg Shampoo
Shampoo Powder
Liquid Hair Shampoo
Hair Wash
Hair Washing Soaps
Dandruff Remover
Dandruff Lotion
Henna, White
Birch Water
Florida Water
Hungary Water
Eau de Lubin
Aqua Mellis
Eau de Lavende, Ambrée
Eau de Cologne
Ambre Enu de Cologne
Chypre Eau de Cologne
Eau de Cologne “Russe”
Eau de Cologne for the Bath
Ice — Bay Rum
Eau de Lavende
Perfumes for Shaving Creams
Eau de Cologne Perfume
Bitter Almond Perfume
Fancy Perfume
Almond Perfume
Lavender Perfume
Rose Perfume
Violet Perfume
Extract, Rose
Lilac Perfume
Perfume for Cholesterin
Creams
Perfume Bases
Lily-of-the-Valley Flower
Oil
Lilac Flower Oil
Perfume Oil, Type “Tosca”
Perfume Oil, Type “Quelques
Fleurs” Tart ("Herb")
Type
Perfume Oil, Type “Quelques
Fleurs” For Fine Soaps
(Soft Type)
Perfume Oils ‘‘Chypre
Extract’’ Cuticle Remover
Cuticle Softener
Nail Polish
Nail Polish Powder
Removers, Nail Polish
(vii)
Eyelid Pencils
Brown Eyebrow Pencil
Eyebrow and Eyelash
Softener
Lipsticks (and Eyebrow Pencils)
After Shave Lotions
Shaving Creams, Foaming
Shaving Cream, Foaming
Brushless Shaving Creams
Soapless Shaving Preparations
Shaving Creams, Non-Foaming
Latherless Shaving Cream
Shaving Creams, Non-Foaming
Camphor Shaving Milk
Milky-White Shaving Soap,
Liquid
Shaving Milks
Astringent After Shaving
Milk
Transparent Liquid Shaving
Soap
Shaving Soap, Liquid
Shaving Soap, Similar to
‘‘Rasibloc’’
After Shave Lotion
Powdered Hand Toilet Soaps
Liquid Soaps
Coconut Oil Soap
Liquid Coconut Oil Soap
Liquid Glycerin Soap
Transparent Glycerin Soaps
Transparent Soap
(Without Glycerin)
Rose Soap
Palm Soap
Althaea (Marshmallow)
Soap
Bouquet Soap
True Lemon Soap
Liquid Tar Soap
Alum Soap
Iodine Soap
Chlorthymol Soap
Chlorine Soap
Soap for Removing Scarred
Skin
Powder Formulae
Dusting Powders
Thiosulphate Dusting
Powder
Foaming Bath Powder
Mentholated Talcum
‘‘Prickly Heat’’ Powder
Tooth Paste
Tooth Paste with Low Glycerin
Content
Tooth Paste
(Without Glycerin)
Tooth Paste
Oxygen Tooth Paste
Talc Tooth Paste
Salt Tooth Paste
Flavor
Denture (Artificial Teeth)
Cleaner
Denture (Artificial Teeth)
(viii)
Dental Impression Material
British Patent 399,842
Temporary Dental Filling
Dental Canal Cement
Dental Pulp Capping
Dental Pulp Devitalizer
Antiseptic Mouth Wash
Mouth Wash Tablets
Mouth Rinse
Gingivitis Mouth Wash
Breathe Deodorant
Depilatory
Odorless Depilatory
Adhesive Depilatory
Sun Burn-Protectors,
Liquid
Preventatives against
Sunburn
Sunburn Protecting Cream
Sunburn-Protecting Oil
Sunburn-Protecting Oil
Sunburn (Suntan) Oil
Suntan Oil
Preparations to Protect Feet
Against Hurting and
Inflammation Foot Creams
Athlete‘s Foot Ointment
Athlete’s Foot Powder
Athlete’s Foot Treatment
“Athlete’s Foot” Remedy
Bunion Remover
Pilocarpine Eye Drops
Pilocarpine Eye Slave
Eye Ointment
Cetyl Alcohol
Arthritis Ointment
Frostbite Ointment
Analgesic Balm
Burn Ointment
Carbuncle Ointment
Chapped Skin Ointment
Glycerin-Sulphur-Kaolin-
Acne Paste
Boil Ointment
Ringworm Ointments,
Sulphur Ointment
Compound Benzoic Acid
Ointment
Chrysarobin Ointment
Salicylic Acid Pigment
Pyrethrum Ointment
Ulcer Salve
Protecting Skin Against
Mustard Gas
A. B. C. Liniment
Glycerin-Sulphur Liniment
“Penetrating’’ Liniment
Rheumatism Liniment
Back Rub Ointment
Castor Oil Candy Laxative
Agar Mineral Oil Emulsion
Emulsion of Liquid
Petrolatum
Antipyrine Suppositories
Psoriasis Treatment
Acidosis Preventative
Cold and Grippe “Remedy”
Hay Fever Remedies
Sea-Sickness Remedy
Appetite Stimulant
(ix)
Spot And Stain Removers
To Remove Aniline Stains
To Remove Finger Marks
From Books Etc.
Cleaning Skins and Bronchitis Inhalant
Menthol Inhalator
Laryngitis Spray
Tonsilitis Gargle
Stomach Gas Relief
Periodic Pain Alleviator
Camphor Tablets
(Pharmaceutical)
Moth Protection Tablets
“Creolin” Disinfectant
Disinfectant for Telephones
Counter Irritant, Extra
Strong
Stainless Iodine Solution
Non-Irrititating Iodine
Antiseptic
Tattoo Mark, Removing
Mechanics Hand Protective
Coating
Volatile Anesthetics
Anaesthesia Chloroform
Preservative
X-Ray Contrast Media
Cystographic Medium
Hormone Manufacture
Analgesic Chaulimoogra Oil for Injection
Intravenous Colloidal

2. CLEANSERS, SOAPS AND DETERGENTS

Sulphur
Hydrogen Peroxide
Preservative
Preservatives for
Hydrogen Peroxide
Embalming Fluid—For
Decolorizing Jaundice
Cases
Embalming Fluid
Corpse Wound Filler
Finishing Cream (Corpse)
Animal Embalming Fluid
Air Purifier
Solid, Volatile Preparations to Perfume and Disinfect the Air
Naphthalene Pure
Paradichlorobenzol, Pure
Water Soluble Bactericide
Protecting Tin Collapsible
Tubes, Against
Corrosion
Pharmaceutical Charcoal
Preparations
Removing Creosote from Skin and Clothing
Zinc Ointment
Hiccough Remedy
Fingernail Cleaner
Emulsions, Gasoline
Emulsions
Cleaning Preparations and Methods
To Remove Stains From the Hands:
Cleaning Gilded Articles:
(x)
Liquid Soap (Antiseptic)
Textile Scouring Soap
To Remove Rust from Iron or Textile Spot-Wash
Textile Soap
Dry Cleanig Soap Concentrate
Dry Cleaning Soap
Rug Cleaners Soap
Rug and Carpet Cleaners
Soap
Upholstery Cleanser
Dry Cleaners Emulsion
Dry-Cleaning Fluid
Non-Inflammable Dry
Cleaning Solvents
Dry Cleaners Fluid
(Inflammable)
Dry Cleaners Pre-Spotting
Fluid
Dry Cleaners’ Spot
Bleaches
Benzine Emulsion Paste
Oil-Spot Remover for Fine
Textiles
Rust Remover—For Textiles and Paper
Scouring Solution for Piece
Goods
Textile Scouring Emulsion
Cleaning Tarnished Metal
Fabrics
Spotting Heavy Pile Fabrics
Cleaning Upholstery
Soapless Rug Shampoo or
Cleaner
Leather
Straw-hat Renovation:
Paint, Varnish and Enamel
Removers
Ink Eradicators
Cleaning of Walls, Ceilings and Wall Paper
Cloth and Fibric Cleaners
Clothes Cleaning Fluids
Cleaning Painted and Varnished Surfaces
Glove Cleaners
Stone Cleaning
Rust Removers
Steel Utensils
Metal Cleaning
Gold-Ware Cleaner
Oil-Grease-Paint-spot
Eradicators
Grease and Paint-Spot
Eradicators
Watchmakers’ and Jewelers’
Cleaning Preparations
Glass Cleaning
Miscellaneous cleaning
Methods and Process
Emulsion Cleansers
Rug Dry Cleaner
Leather Cleaner
Belt Cleanser
Detergent for Leather, Cloth
Italian Patent 278,703
Upholstery Cleaner
Methyl Cellulose Soaps
Sulphite Cellulose Soaps
Iodine Soap
(xi)
Hand Cleanser Paste for Automobilists
Metal Cleaner
Aluminum Cleansers
Block Cleanser for Aluminum
Cleaner for Tin, Zinc and Aluminum
Tin Ware Cleanser
Tin Equipment Cleaner
Silver Cleanser
Cleaner for Auto Radiators and Cooling System
Automobile Radiator
Cleaner
Cleanser for Electrical
Collectors
Drain Pipe Cleaner
Cleanser for Beer Piping
Milk Utensil Antiseptic
Cleanser for Printing
Machinery
Type Cleaner
Typewriter Type Cleaner
Rust Remover
Cleaners for Printing Rolls
Cleaner Emulsion for Printing
Rolls
Abrasive Cleaner
Paint Cleaner
Removing Blood Stains from Paint
Removing Picric Acid Stains from Skin
Lacquer Remover for Hands
Removing Lacquer from Skin
Carpet Cleaner
Cleaning Leather Belting
Cleaning Suede Gloves
Cleaning Straw and Panama Hats
Window-Glass Spray Cleaner
Window Cleanser
Glass Cleanser Powders
Glass Cleaner
Scrubbing Powder for Glass
Cleaner for Glass Molds
Cleanser for Dishes
Hard Water Dish Cleaner
Dish Washing Powder
Dish Cleaner and Disinfectant
Bottle Washing Solutions Cleaning Cloth for Glass, Metal and Furniture
Lens Cleaning Fluid (Lens “Oil”)
Dishwashing Water Softener
Wall Paper Cleaners,
Cleanser for Natural and Artificial Stones
Cleaning Stone Work
Tile Cleanser for Swimming Pools
Cleaning Sandstone Buildings
Cleaning Terra Cotta Buildings
Efficient Cleanser for Hands
(xii)
Removing Ink from Hands 192
Removers for Iodine Stains 193
Removers for Silver Nitrate
Stains
Cleaning Upholstery
Stain Removers
Preventing Zinc Stains on Linens
Ink Remover
Removal of Ink Stains
Glycerin as a Stain Remover 195
Removing Oil Stains from Fabrics
Removal of Rust Stains
Removing Nail Polish Stains from ‘’ Celanese ‘’
Removing Automobile
Grease Stains
To Remove Mold-Stains from (White) Laundry:
Dried Milk Stain Cleaner
Chewing Gum Remover
Cleaner for Carbon Paper, Ink and Typewriter Ribbon Stains
Cleanser for Milk Vessels
Composition to Clean Wooden Surfaces
Cleaning Light Oak Desks
Washing Butter Churns
Cleaning Piano Keys
Cleaning Gilded Surfaces
Cleanser for Rubber Rugs
Cleansing Greasy Household Mops
Shoe Cleaner
Feed Water Heater Cleaning
Cleaning Surgical and Dental Instruments
Washing Compound for Canning Industry
Removing Insects from Windshields
Cleanser Similar to the “P,” of Henkel
Watch Cleaning Fluid
Warren’s Dust Cleaning
Compound
Milky Ammonia
Cologne Water
Removing-Stains from Window Sash
Bleaching Powder
Laundry Bleach
Bleaching Agent
Laundry Sours
Laundry Gloss
Laundry Starch Solution
Collar Glaze for Laundries
Preventing Water Marks
Dairy Detergent
Bleaching of Soaps, Fats and Oils
Textiles, Fibres
Clearing Processing Spots on Textiles
Removal of Ink Stains from Cloth
The Cleaning and Bleaching of Linen
Soaps, Cleaners Solvent Liquid (xiii)
Soaps
Liquid Soap Shampoos
Production of Liquid High-Content Potassium Soaps
Liquid Soap (15%)
Liquid Olive Oil Soap
Liquid Coconut Oil Soap
Glycerin Liquid Soap
Liquid Soaps
Formaldehyde Soap Solution
Liquid Disinfecting Soap
Disinfectant Scrub Soaps
Pine Oil Scrubbing Soap
Liquid Pine Oil Soap
Pine Oil Jelly Soup
Pine Oil “Soluble”
Pine Oil Cleaning Paste
Soap Paste Paint Cleaner
Waterless Soap
Soap Powders
Soap Flakes
Soap for “Soap Noodles”
Borax Soaps
Borax Soap Powder
Washing Powder
Ammonia Washing Powder
Household Scourer
Cold Processed Soap
Cold-Process Carbolic Soap
Cold Process Soap
Dry Cleaner's Soap
Soaps Containing Pine Oil
Solid Pine Oil Soap
Medicated Soaps
Ichthyol and Sulphur
Ichthyol
Medicated Perfume
Perfume
Antiseptic Soaps
Germicidal and Antiseptic Soap
Iodine, Ichthyol Camphor
Soaps Soap Base
Iodine Soap
Ichthyol Soap
Perfume
Boric Acid Soap
Sand Soap
Washing Tablets
Wool Throwers Soap
Borax Laundry Soap
Wool scouring Bath
Transparent Glycerin Soaps
English Transparent Soap
Filled (Cheap) Transparent Soaps
Transparent Soap
Filled Soap
Soap Perfume
Automobile Tar Solvent
Automobile Cleaner
Bleaching Soda
Stain Removing Powder
Dry Peroxide Bleaching Powder
Bleaching and Washing Powder
Stone, Brick and Masonry Cleaner
(xiv)
Brick and Masonry Cleaner
Drain Cleaner
Washing Compounds for Use in Canning
Cleanser for House Facades
Floor Bleaches
Cleanser for “Parquet” Floor
Cleansing Preparation for Galoshes
Cleanser for Dishes Glasses 233
Mechanical Dishwashing Preparation
Glass Cleaners, Glass Cleaner in Cake Form
Cleaning Mixture for Beer Glasses
Window Glass Cleaner
Gun Cleaner and Solvent
Special Cleanser for Very Dirty Hands
Antiseptic Cleaner for Ice Cream Freezers
Lavatory Cleaner
Laundry Bleach
Laundry Blue Good Quality
Cheap Quality
Ultramarine Blue Paste, Laundry
Laundry Sour
Cleanser for Hunting Calf Leather
Cleanser for Sporting Leathers
Cleaner and Disinfectant for Metal Articles
Bleach-Bath for Used Oil Corks
Oven Cleanser
Printing Form and Cylinder Cleaner
Rug Cleaner
Radiator Cleaner
Dry Cleanser for Wallpapers
Wall Cleaner
Scouring Soaps
Mixing
Additions
Scouring Powder
Stain Emulsifier
Removing Glue Stains from Wood
Remover for Tobacco Stains on Fingers
Removing Pitch or Varnish from Hands or Glass
Household Scouring Powder
Dutch Cleanser type Acetone sufficient to make a thin paste
Soot Destroyer
Steamship Chimney Soap
Cleanser for Lampblack- Dirtied Surfaces
Floor Sweeping Compound
Tinned Ware Cleaner
Type Cleaner
Cleanser for Velvet Shoes
(xv)
Composition for Cleaning
Walls, Paint, etc.
Painted Woodwork
Cleaner
“Soluble” Pine Oil Fluid
Soap Towel
Sodium Metasilicate Solutions
Movie Film Cleaner
Benzine Soap
Dry Cleaning Solvents for “Celanese”
Dry Cleaning Soap
Dry Cleaning Soap
Textile Soap
Kier Soap
Ox Gall Soap
Rose Soap
Winds or Soap
Witch Hazel Soap
Soft Soap Manufacture
Soap Rancidity, Preventing
Superfatting Soap
Soap Spirit
Softener for Hard Water
Soaps Cleaners, Liquid
Soaps Tar Shampoo
Shampoo
Marseilles (Castile) Soap
Hand Soap
Carbolated Soap
Borax Soap
Tap Soap
Formaldehyde Soap
Transparent Solid Soap
Glycerite of Starch
Lecithin Soap
German Patent 666,208
Medicinal Soaps, Potash Soap
Formalin Soap
Cresol Soap
Spirit Soap
Medicinal Disinfectant Soap
Medicated Soap (Sapo Medicatus)
Antiseptic Cleaning Composition
Hand Cleaning Paste (Mechanic’s Soap)
Solid Potash Soap
Hard Soap Base
Salt Water Soap
Soft Soap
Fulling Soaps Good Medi-Cheap
Neutralizing and Bleaching Soap
Soap Superfatting and Neutralizing Compound
Fireproofing Soap ................... 259
Powdered Milk Soap
Large Bubble Blowing Soap
Soap Filler
Saddle Soap
Detergent Powders
Dry Cleaning Soaps
Textile Cleaning Soap
Benzine Soap
Petroleum Soap
(xvi)
Methyl Hexalin Soap
Tetralin Soap
Hexalin Soap
Solvent Soaps
Spotting Paste for Cleaning Garments
Spotting Soaps for Collapsible Tubes
Solid Spotting Soap
Spotting Pencils
Hard Soap, Finely
Cosmetics Creams and Lotions
Nail Polishes
Deodorizing Blocks
Mineral Oils
Washing Powders
Sweeping Compounds
Washing and Bluing Powders or Tablets
Glycerin Anti-Freeze Mixtures
Silicate of Soda Compounds
Water Soluble Dyes
Oil Soluble Dyes
Alpine Soap
Camphor Soap
Carbolic Acid Soap
Sulphur Soap
Sulphur-Tar Soap
Vaseline Tar Soap
Tar Soap
Iodine Soap
White‘s Hand Soap
Pumice Soap
Thum’s Grit Soap for Surgeons
Antiseptic Soap
Davis’ Liquid Antiseptic Soap
Disinfectant Soaps
Hexalin Soaps
Palm Oil Soap
Castor Oil Soap
Translucent Coconut Oil Soap
Castile Soap
Static Destroying Soap
Substantially Anhydrous Persalt Soap
Transparent Soap
Composition for Prevention of Rancidity in Soap
Hard Coconut Oil Soap
Persalt Soaps
Toilet Soap Powder
Transparent Milled Soap Chips
Soap Bubble Liquid
Cotton Scouring Soap
Persil Soap Powder
Soap Powder
Laundry Washing Aid
Laundry Soap
Laundry Mixes
Laundry Bluing Composition
Semi-Boiled Process
Variations in Soap Stock
White Soft Soaps
Fatty Stock for Yellow Soft Soaps
(xvii)
Soft Soaps
Transparent Soap Novelties
Transparent Soft Soap
“Elaidine’’ Soaps
Methyl Cellulose Soft Soap
Soap-Stocks for Pearly Soft Soaps
Soft Soap
Transparent Rosin Soap
Bile Soaps
Guillaya Bark Soap
Controlled Alkalinity Soap
Acid Soap
Soaps Containing Chlorinated Hydrocarbons
Half-Boiled Soap Containing Glycerin
Saponified Starch Soap
Salt Water Soap
Sea Water Soap
Oil (Fat) Dissolving Soap
Pure Vegetable Oil Soap
Quick, Lasting Lather Soap
Incorporating Borax into Toilet Soap
Anti-Rancidity Composition for Soaps
Casein Paste (To Be Added to Soaps to Make Them Smoother)
Preventing Soap
Discoloration
Liquid Soap
Fatty Acid Liquid Soaps
Transparent Soap (Without Glycerin)
Vegetable Oil Liquid Soap
Coconut Oil Liquid Soap
Liquid Soap Base
Green Soap (65%)
Liquid Soap for Dispensers
Pine Oil Jelly Soap
Stiff Soap Gels
Soap, Palm and Olive
Mechanics Soap
Pumice Soaps
Sand Soap
Powdered Hand Soap
Hand Cleansing Powder
Germicidal Soap
Surgical Soap
Medicinal Potash Soap
Medicinal Sodium Soap
Dental Soap
Liquid Dental Soap
Transparent Tooth Soap
Carbolic Phenol) Soap
Lampblack-Lard
Laundry Preparations
Bluing Compounds:
Washing Fluids, Bricks and Powders:
Grosser’s Washing Brick
Luhn’s Washing Extract
Washing Powders
Cleaners, Soaps
Cleaning Compound
Cleaning Compound, Bottle
To Clean Bronze
Cleaning Copper Coins
Dry Cleaning Fluid
(xviii)
Cleaning Fluid, Noninflammable
Cleaning Fluid
Cleaner, Dairy Equipment
Dry Cleaner
Gasoline Cleaning Cream
Deodorant Cleaner, Porcelain
Powdered Glove Cleaner
Hand Cleaner and Softener
Hand Wash, Mechanics Antiseptic
Cleaning Paste for Mechanics
Kerosene Jelly Cleaner
Laundry Detergent
Leather Cleaner
Marble and Porcelain Cleaner
Cleaner, Oil Painting
Cleaner for Oil Paintings
Detergent and Paint Remover
Printers Form Cleaner
Rifle Cleaner
Rug Cleaner
Silk Stockings and Gloves, Detergent
Cleaning Straw Hats
Wall Paper Cleaner
Laundry Sours
Laundry Blue
Liquid Laundry Blue
Soap
Soap, Castor Oil
Floating Soap
Soap, Dry Cleaning
Dry Cleaning Soap
Dry Cleaners Soap
Dry Cleaning Liquid Soap
Drycleaners Soap
Dry-Cleaning Soaps
Naphtha Soluble Soap
Laundry Soap
Liquid Soap
Liquid Soap, Non- Gelatinizing
Concentrated Liquid Soap for Silk Goods, Silk Stockings Etc.
Formula: Liquid Cleaning Soap
Liquid Soap
Alkali in Soap Base
White Rose Soap
Perfume
No color, Violet Soap
Oriental Bouquet Soap
Lilac Soap
Color
Almond Blossom Soap
Eau de Cologne Soap
Perfume Low Priced
Perfume
Lavender Soap Perfume
Low Priced Perfume
Heliotrope Soap Perfume
New Mown Hay Soap
Red Rose Soap
Pine Oil Powder Scrubbing Soaps
Parts by Weight
(xix)
Pine Oil Liquid Hand Soaps
Pine Oil Liquid Scrubbing Soaps
Pine Oil Soap
Pine Oil Scrubbing Soap
Saddle Soap
Soft Soap for Textile Purposes
Saddle Soap
“Waterless” Soap
Soap Paste
Perborate Soap Powder
Soap Powder
Soap Powder, Non-Caking
Soap Powder, Antiseptic
Washing and Bleaching
Powder
Soap Rancidity, Prevention of
Rancidity in Soap, Prevention of
Soap Stabilizer
Rug Cleaning Soap
Paint and Tar Solvent
Powdered Scouring Compound
Sweeping Compounds
Mix thoroughly
Combined “Sour and Bluing”
Coloring Liquid Soaps
Coloring Milled Soaps
Dry Cleaning Soap on Ammonia Base
Beer Pipe Cleaning Compound

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Sample Chapters


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COSMETICS AND DRUGS

Pine Needle Bathing Salt

Formula No. 1

a. Salt ........................................................... 100 kg.

b. Water, Containing 5%

Uranin (Fluorescein-Sodium) .................. 2.5 kg.

c. Sodium Carbonate, Anhydrous .............. 2.0 kg.

d. Magnesium Carbonate ........................... 0.2 kg.

e. Pine Needle Essence .............................. 2-3 kg.

Mix a with b homogeneously, dry on a shelf and sift through

a sieve, mix then with c and d, in a drum, add e, mix again

thoroughly, fill into sealed cans.

No. 2

Sodium Bicarbonate ............................................ 10 g.

Starch Powder ....................................................... 1 g.

Tartaric Acid, Powdered ................................ 7.5 g.

Fluorescein or Uranin ................................ 0.1-0.2 g.

No. 3

Sodium Chloride ................................................. 70 g.

Pine Needle Extract, Genuine .......................... 18 g.

Ammonium Carbonate....................................... 10 g.

Perfume (Pine-Needle)........................................ 2 g.

Ocean Bathing Salt

(1000 g. per Bath)

Potassium Iodide ................................................. 1 g.

Potassium Bromide .......................................... 0.55 g.

Lithium Carbonate ........................................... 0.05 g.

Manganese Sulphate ...................................... 0.01 g.

Ferrous Sulphate ............................................ 0.01 g.

Potassium Chloride ........................................... 15 g.

Calcium Chloride ............................................ 40 g.

Magnesium Sulphate ..................................... 66.38 g.

Magnesium Chloride ......................................... 96 g.

Sodium Chloride ............................................... 781 g.

Oxygen Bathing Salt

Formula No. 1

Ammonium Carbonate, Dried ......................... 500 g.

Hydrogen Peroxide (3% ) ................................. 100 g.

Urea ....................................................................... 5 g.

No. 2

Urea Hydrogen Peroxide ............................ 50-100 g.

Sodium Pyrophosphate ...................................... 10 g.

No. 3 (Tablets)

Sodium Perborate.............................................. 800 g.

Starch .................................................................. 100 g.

Ammonium Carbonate..................................... 100 g.

Medical Bathing Salts

Carlsbad Well

Sodium Sulphate ................................................. 44 g.

Potassium Sulphate ............................................... 2 g.

Sodium Chloride ................................................. 18 g.

Sodium Bicarbonate ............................................ 36 g.

Friedrichshall

Sodium Chloride .............................................. 37.7 g.

Sodium Bromide ................................................ 0.3 g.

Potassium Chloride .............................................. 5 g.

Calcium Chloride ................................................ 19 g.

Magnesium Chloride .......................................... 37 g.

Calcium Sulphate, Precipitated .......................... 1 g.

Reichenhall

Potassium Chloride ............................................... 6 g.

Magnesium Chloride .......................................... 72 g.

Lithium Chloride .............................................. 0.15 g.

Sodium Chloride ................................................. 14 g.

Sodium Bromide .............................................. 0.85 g.

Magnesium Sulphate ........................................... 7 g.

Kreuznach

Sodium Chloride ................................................. 63 g.

Potassium Chloride ............................................. 75 g.

Calcium Chloride .............................................. 750 g.

Magnesium Chloride ........................................ 110 g.

Sodium Bromide ................................................... 2 g.

Hallein Well

Sodium Chloride .............................................. 69.3 g.

Magnesium Chloride .......................................... 27 g.

Sodium Bromide .............................................. 0.42 g.

Calcium Sulphate, Precipitated ......................... 10 g.

Sodium Sulphate ............................................. 2.28 g.

Vichy

Lithium Carbonate ........................................... 0.01 g.

Ferrous Sulphate ............................................. 0.05 g.

Manganese Sulphate ........................................ 0.01 g.

Sodium Chloride .............................................. 1.73 g.

Sodium Sulphate ................................................ 6.2 g.

Magnesium Sulphate ......................................... 2.6 g.

Calcium Chloride ............................................... 6.0 g.

Sodium Bicarbonate ......................................... 83.4 g.

Mud Bath Salt

Ferrous Sulphate .............................................. 900 g.

Calcium Sulphate, Precipitated ......................... 20 g.

Magnesium Sulphate......................................... 20 g.

Sodium Sulphate ................................................. 40 g.

Ammonium Sulphate ......................................... 20 g.

Optional, Dry Mud Earth.

“Saltrate Rodell”

Sodium Chloride, Powder ................................. 0.1 g.

Magnesium Carbonate ...................................... 0.5 g.

Potassium Carbonate ......................................... 0.1 g.

Lithium Carbonate.......................................... 0.05 g.

Calcium Sulphate, Powder .............................. 0.25 g.

Borax, Powdered ................................................. 10 g.

Sodium Bicarbonate ......................................... 30.5 g.

Ammonium Carbonate.................................... 52.5 g.

Sodium Thiosulphate......................................... 2.5 g.

Sodium Perborate.................................................. 3 g.

Stimulating Bathing Salt

Sodium Chloride, Powder ................................ 950 g.

Sodium Bicarbonate ............................................ 50 g.

Thyme Oil .............................................................. 2 cc.

Bergamot Oil Terpenes ......................................... 5 cc.

Orange Peel Terpenes ........................................... 1 cc.

Bergamot Oil .......................................................... 1 cc.

Terpineol ............................................................. 1.5 cc.

Methyl Naphthyl Ketone ................................. 0.5 cc.

Effervescent Tablets for Baths

Formula No. 1

Sodium Bicarbonate ........................................ 300 g.

Sodium Acid Sulphate ....................................275 g.

Starch .................................................................... 25 g.

No. 2

Saponin, Purified ................................................. 2 g.

Starch ................................................................... 25 g.

Sodium Bicarbonate .......................................... 90 g.

Tartaric Acid ....................................................... 70 g.

The stability can be increased by pressing the bicarbonate

and acid separately.

Effervescent Tablets with Wetting Agents

(Slow Development of Carbon Dioxide)

Formula No. 1

Starch .................................................................... 10 g.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphonate .............................. 10 g.

Sodium Bicarbonate .......................................... 46 g.

Tartaric Acid ........................................................ 34 g.

No. 2

Sodium Bicarbonate ............................................ 57 g.

Tartaric Acid ........................................................ 38 g

Saponin, Purified ................................................... 5 g.

Stearin, Powder .................................................... 5 g.

Almond Hand-Cleansing Paste

The “Almond Bran” is made out of two equal parts of

sweet and bitter Almonds. One can make a “Glycerin Paste” or

a “Camphor Paste.”

Glycerin Type

Two hundred fifty pounds of the bran are pounded with 5 lb.

of rose water and mixed with the following:

One-quarter pound bean or cornflour, 1-2 chicken eggs,

15 lb. borax, 5 lb. fine potassium carbonate, and about 50 lb.

glycerin.

The Camphor Paste is made by adding to the pounded

“Almond Bran” a mixture of 25 lb. each of 10% camphor oil and

spermaceti, molten together.

After cooling, add a powderized mixture of 100 lb. potato flour

and 50 lb. talc, and 100 lb. rose water. Mix well altogether. Color

with alkannin or curcuma.

Glycerin Jelly for the Hands

Wheat Starch .............................................. 10 g.

a. Water .......................................................... 15 g.

Glycerin .................................................... 100 g.

Tragacanth, White ....................................... 2 g.

b. Alcohol (90%) .............................................. 5 g.

Methyl-p-Hydroxybenzoate ....................... 0.5 g.

Grind a and b separately, mix, warm then on the water bath until

odor of alcohol disappears.

Glycerin Honey Jelly

Honey ................................................................... 20 g.

Water .................................................................. 500 g.

Glycerin .............................................................. 450 g.

Agar-Agar, Cut .................................................... 15 g.

Methyl-p-Hydroxybenzoate ................................ 1 g.

Warm to complete swelling and solution percolate, if necessary.

Stir, and add:

Formaldehyde (40%)............................................. 1 g.

Perfume Composition ........................................... 1 g.

Almond Hand-Cleansing Paste

The “Almond Bran” is made out of two equal parts of sweet and bitter Almonds. One can make a “Glycerin Paste” or a “Camphor Paste.”

Glycerin Type

Two hundred fifty pounds of the bran are pounded with 5 lb. of rose water and mixed with the following:

One-quarter pound bean or cornflour, 1-2 chicken eggs, 15 lb. borax, 5 lb. fine potassium carbonate, and about 50 lb. glycerin.

The Camphor Paste is made by adding to the pounded “Almond Bran” a mixture of 25 lb. each of 10% camphor oil and spermaceti, molten together.

After cooling, add a powderized mixture of 100 lb. potato flour and 50 lb. talc, and 100 lb. rose water. Mix well altogether. Color with alkannin or curcuma.

Glycerin Jelly for the Hands

Wheat Starch 10 g.

a. Water 15 g.

glycerin 100 g.

Tragacanth, White 2 g.

b. Alcohol (90%) 5 g.

Methyl-p-Hydroxybenzoate 0.5 g.

Grind a and b separately, mix, warm then on the water bath until

odor of alcohol disappears.

Glycerin Honey Jelly

Honey 20 g.

Water 500 g.

Glycerin 450 g.

Agar-Agar, Cut 15 g.

Methyl-p-Hydroxybenzoate 1 g.

Warm to complete swelling and solution percolate, if necessary. Stir, and add:

Formaldehyde (40%) 1 g.

Perfume Composition 1 g.

Protective Hand Creams

Formula No. 1

Zinc Stearate, U.S.P. 10 g.

Aluminum Subacetate Solution N.F. (7½-8%) 15 g.

Gum Camphor 3 g.

Menthol Crystals 1 g.

Acid Carbolic, U.S.P. ½ g.

Glycerin, U.S.P. ½ g.

Lanolin, Anhydrous ½ g.

Gum Tragacanth 4½ g.

Soap (Low Alkali Content) 18 g.

White Rose Oil Technical ½ g.

Triethanolamine ½ g.

Water 46 g.

No. 2

Zinc Stearate, U.S.P. 10 g.

Aluminum Subacetate Solution N.F. (7½-8%) 15 g.

Gum Camphor 3 g.

Menthol Crystals 1 g.

Acid Carbolic, U.S.P. ½ g

Glycerin, U.S.P. ½ g

Lanolin, (Anhydrous) ½ g.

Gum Tragacanth 4½ g.

Soap (Low Alkali Content) 18 g.

White Rose Oil Technical ½ g.

Triethanolamine ½ g.

Water 44¼ g.

Sulpho Ammonium Ichthyolate 2 g.

No. 3

White Rose Technical Oil 35 g.

Paraffin Wax 55 g.

Ammonium Sulpho-Ichthyolate 2 g.

Stearic Acid 1 g.

Triethanolamine ½ g.

Water 7½ g.

No. 4

Glyceryl Monostearate 8 lb.

Magnesium Stearate 14 lb.

Beeswax 3 Ib.

Petrolatum 10 lb.

Mineral Oil, White 5 lb.

Water 60 lb.

Cuticle Softener

Formula No. 1

White Petrolatum (Short Fiber) 87.75 oz.

Paraffin (m.p. 125° F.) 9 oz.

Menthol 3 oz.

Thymol 25 oz.

Color (Oil Soluble Red) to suit

No. 2

Lanolin (Anhydrous) 12 oz.

Water (Distilled) 12 oz.

Lecithin 0.5 oz.

Cream Petrolatum (Short Fiber) 55.5 oz.

Mineral Oil (White) 20 oz.

Perfume to suit

Skin Cream

a. Stearin 85 g.

Lanolin 5 g.

Cetyl Alcohol 10 g.

Melt together.

b. Glycerin (28° Be.) 36 g.

Triethanolamine 5 cc.

Borax knife pointful

Water Boil. 250 cc.

Add b slowly to a, stir until cold. Perfume as desired is added at the end.

“Penetran” Skin Cosmetic

Paraffin Oil 20 cc.

Sperm (Whale) Oil 25 cc.

Parachol (Absorption Base) 5 g.

Cholesterin 0.5 g.

Lecithin 2.5 g.

Fatty Oil, Preserved 47 cc.

Wrinkle “Removing” Creams

Lanolin anhydrous 20 (parts by weight), cocoa butter 10, stearin 10, olive oil 12, cholesterol 2, lecithin 4, water 60, moldex 0.4, sodium benzoate 1. According to another method, a melted base is first prepared with white wax 60 (grams), spermaceti 10, stearin 50, lanolin 60, cocoa butter 40, and sweet almond oil 180. In this melt are dissolved 1.2 grams cholesterol, with further addition, after complete solution, of 170 g. water, 1.5 g. sodium benzoate and moldex, the mass being stirred until it thickens.

Skin “Food”

Formula No. 1

Lanolin (Anhydrous) U.S.P. 36.4 g.

Spermaceti, U.S.P. 6.4 g.

Snow White Petrolatum, U.S.P. 48.2 g.

Distilled Water 7.875 g.

Perfume Oil 1.125 g.

No. 2

Almond Oil 24 g.

Lanolin 22 g.

Soft Paraffin 11 g.

White Beeswax 3 g.

Mosquito Protection Cream (Non-Greasy) Formula No. 1

Soak

a. Agar-Agar 2 g.

Water, Cold 400 g.

Then warm slowly over gentle heat:

b. Melt Stearin 60 g.

c. Alcohol (95%) 10 g.

Potassium Carbonate 6 g.

d. Water 440 g.

Glycerin (28° Be.) 68 g.

Make up emulsion by warming and stirring.

Add a to the emulsion of b-c in d, both should be 80° C.; stir continously. When cold, add 12 g. of the following mixture:

Cedar Oil 7.5 g.

Citronella Oil 15 g.

Camphor 2 g

Eucalyptus Oil 4.5 g.

Alcohol 7 g.

No. 2

Treatment as above:

Agar-Agar 2.2 g.

Stearin 60 g.

Potassium Carbonate 4 g.

Sal Soda 2. g.

Alcohol 12 g.

Beeswax, White 8 g.

Lanolin (Anhydrous) 8 g.

Glycerin 60 g.

Water 830 g.

Beta Naphthol 1 g.

Essential Oils as in Formula No. 1

Treatment as in No. 1, saponify the fats (wax, lanolin, stearin) together.

Cleansers, Soaps and Detergents

Cleaning Preparations and Methods

To Remove Stains From the Hands:

Removal of Aniline-Dye Stains from the Skin.—Rub the stained skin with a pinch of slightly moistened red crystals of chromic trioxide until a distinct sensation of warmth announces the destruction of the dye stuff by oxidation and an incipient irritation of the skin. Then rinse with soap and water. A single application usually suffices to remove the stain. It is hardly necessary to call attention to the poisonousness and strong caustic action of chromic trioxide; but only moderate caution is required to avoid evil effects.

Pyrogallic–Acid Stains on the Fingers —Pyro stains may be prevented fairly well by rubbing in a little wool fat before beginning work. A very effective way of eliminating developer stains is to dip the finger tips occasionally during development into the clearing bath. It is best to use the clearing bath, with ample friction, before resorting to soap, as the latter seems to have a fixing effect upon the stain. Lemon peel is useful for removing pyro stains, and so are the ammonium persulphate reducer and the thiocarbamide clearer.

To Clean Very Soiled Hands.—In the morning wash in warm water, using a stiff brush, and apply glycerine. Repeat the application two or three times during the day, washing and brushing an hour or so afterwards, or apply a warm solution of soda or potash, and wash in warm water, using a stiff brush as before. Finally, rub the hands with pumice or infusorial earth. There are soaps made especially for this purpose, similar to those for use on woodwork, etc., in which infusorial earth or similar matter is incorporated.

To Remove Nitric-Acid Stains.—One plan to avoid stains is to use rubber finger stalls, or rubber gloves. Nitric-acid stains can be removed from the hands by painting the stains with a solution of permanganate of potash, and washing off the permanganate with a 5 per cent solution of hydrochloric (muriatic) acid. After this wash the hands with pure castile soap. Any soap that roughens the skin should be avoided at all times. Castile soap is the best to keep the skin in good condition.

CLEANING GILDED ARTICLES:

To Clean Gilt Frames and Gilded Surfaces Generally.—Dip a soft brush in alcohol to which a few drops of ammonia water has been added, and with it go over the surface. Do not rub—at least, not roughly, or harshly. In the course of five minutes the dirt will have become soft, and easy of removal. Then go over the surface again gently with the same or a similar brush dipped in rain water. Now lay the damp article in the sunlight to dry. If there is no sunlight, place it near a warm (but not hot) stove, and let dry completely. In order to avoid streaks, take care that the position of the article, during the drying, is not exactly vertical.

To Clean Fire-Gilt Articles.—Fire-gilt articles are cleaned, according to their condition, with water, diluted hydrochloric acid, ammonia, or potash solution. If hydrochloric acid is employed thorough dilution with water is especially necessary. The acidity should hardly be noticeable on the tongue.

To clean gilt articles, such as gold molding, etc., when they have become tarnished or covered with flyspecks, etc., rub them slowly with an onion cut in half and dipped in rectified alcohol, and wash off lightly with a moist soft sponge after about 2 hours.

Cleaning Gilded and Polychromed Work on Altars.—To clean bright gold a fine little sponge is used which is moistened but lightly with tartaric acid and passed over the gilding. Next go over the gilt work with a small sponge saturated with alcohol to remove all dirt. For matt gilding, use only a white flannel dipped in lye, and carefully wipe off the dead gold with this, drying next with a fine linen rag. To clean polychromed work sponge with a lye of rain water, 1,000 parts, and calcined potash, 68 parts, and immediately wash off with a clean sponge and water, so that the lye does not attack the paint too much.

SPOT AND STAIN REMOVERS

To Remove Aniline Stains.—

1. Sodium nitrate ................................. 7 grains

Diluted sulphuric acid..................... 15 grains

Water................................................ 1 ounce

Let the mixture stand a day or two before using. Apply to the spot with a sponge, and rinse the goods with plenty of water.

2. An excellent medium for the removal of aniline stains, which are often very stubborn, has been found to be liquid opodeldoc. After its use the stains are said to disappear at once and entirely.

Cleansing Fluids.— A spot remover is made as follows:

1. Saponine........................................... 7 parts

Water............................................ 130 parts

Alcohol............................................ 70 parts

Benzine...................................... 1,788 parts

Oil mirbane....................................... 5 parts

2. Benzene (benzol)............................. 89 parts

Acetic ether..................................... 10 parts

Pear oil............................................. 1 part

This yields an effective grease eradicator, of an agreeable odor.

3. To Remove Stains of Sulphate of copper, or of salts of mercury, silver, or gold from the hands, etc., wash them first with a dilute solution either of ammonia, iodide, bromide, or cyanide of potassium, and then with plenty of water; if the stains are old ones they should first be rubbed with the strongest acetic acid and then treated as above.

Removal of Picric-Acid Stains.—1. Recent stains of picric acid may be removed readily if the stain is covered with a layer of magnesium carbonate, the carbonate moistened with a little water to form a paste, and the paste then rubbed over the spot.

2. —Apply a solution of

Boric acid......... 4 parts

Sodium benzoate...................... 1 part

Water............................ 100 parts

3.—Dr. Prieur, of Besancon, recommends lithium carbonate for the removal of picric-acid stains from the skin or from linen. The method of using it is simply to lay a small pinch on the stain, and moisten the latter with water. Fresh stains disappear almost instantly, and old ones in a minute or two.

To Remove Finger Marks from Books, etc.—1. Pour benzol (not benzine or gasoline, but Merck’s “c. p.” crystallizable) on calcined magnesia until it becomes a crumbling mass, and apply this to the spot, rubbing it in lightly, with the tip of the finger. When the benzol evaporates, brush off. Any dirt that remains can be removed by using a piece of soft rubber.

2.—If the foregoing fails (which it sometimes, though rarely, does), try the following: Make a hot solution of sodium hydrate in distilled water, of strength of from 3 per cent to 5 per cent, according to the age, etc., of the stain. Have prepared some bits of heavy blotting paper somewhat larger than the spot to be removed; also, a blotting pad, or several pieces of heavy blotting paper. Lay the soiled page face downward on the blotting pad, then, saturating one of the bits of blotter with the hot sodium hydrate solution, put it on the stain and go over it with a hot smoothing iron. If one application does not remove all the grease or stain, repeat the operation. Then saturate another bit of blotting paper with a 4 per cent or 5 per cent solution of hydrochloric acid in distilled water, apply it to the place, and pass the iron over it to neutralize the strong alkali. This process will instantly restore any faded writing or printing, and make the paper bright and fresh again.

Glycerine as a Detergent. — For certain kinds of obstinate spots (such as coffee and chocolate, for instance) there is no better detergent than glycerine, especially for fabrics with delicate colors. Apply the glycerine to the spot, with a sponge or otherwise, let stand a minute or so, then wash off with water or alcohol. Hot glycerine is even more efficient than cold.

CLEANING SKINS AND LEATHER:

To Clean Colored Leather. — Pour carbon bisulphide on non-vulcanized guttapercha, and allow it to stand about 24 hours. After shaking actively add more gutta-percha gradually until the solution becomes of gelatinous consistency. This mixture is applied in suitable quantity to oil-stained, colored leather and allowed to dry two or three hours. The subsequent operation consists merely in removing the coat of gutta-percha from the surface of the leather—that is, rubbing it with the fingers, and rolling it off the surface.

The color is not injured in the least by the sulphuret of carbon; only those leathers on which a dressing containing starch has been used look a little lighter in color, but the better class of leathers are not so dressed. The dry gutta-percha can be redissolved in sulphuret of carbon and used over again.

To Clean Skins Used for Polishing Purposes. — First heat them thoroughly to get rid of dust, then go over the surface on both sides with a piece of good white soap and lay them in warm water in which has been put a little soda. Let them lie here for 2 hours, then wash them in plenty of tepid water, rubbing them vigorously until perfectly clean. This bath should also be made alkaline with soda. The skins are finally rinsed in warm water, and dried quickly. Cold water must be avoided at all stages of the cleansing process, as it has a tendency to shrink and harden the skins.

The best way to clean a chamois skin is to wash and rinse it out in clean water immediately after use, but this practice is apt to be neglected so that the skin becomes saturated with dirt and grime. To clean it, first thoroughly soak in clean, soft water. Then, after soaping it and rolling it into a compact wad, beat with a small round stick — a buggy spoke, say — turning the wad over repeatedly, and keeping it well wet and soaped. This should suffice to loosen the dirt. Then rinse in clean water until the skin is clean. As wringing by hand is apt to injure the chamois skin, it is advisable to use a small clothes wringer. Before using the skin again rinse it in clear water to which a little pulverized alum has been added.

STRAW-HAT RENOVATION:

To Renovate Straw Hats.—1.—Hats made of natural (uncolored) straw, which have become soiled by wear, may be cleaned by thoroughly sponging with a weak solution of tartaric acid in water, followed by water alone. The hat after being so treated should be fastened by the rim to a board by means of pins, so that it will keep its shape in drying.

2.Sponge the straw with a solution of

By weight

Sodium hyposulphite.............................. 10 parts

Glycerine...................................... 5 parts

Alcohol........................................ 10 parts

Water.......................................... 75 parts

Lay aside in a damp place for 24 hours and then apply

By weight

Citric acid.............................................. 2 parts

Alcohol.......... 10 parts

Water.................................. 90. parts

Press with a moderately hot iron, after stiffening with weak gum water, if necessary.

3.—If the hat has become much darkened in tint by wear the fumes of burning sulphur may be employed. The material should be first cleaned by thoroughly sponging with an aqueous solution of potassium carbonate, followed by a similar application of water, and it is then suspended over the sulphur fumes. These are generated by placing in a metal or earthen dish, so mounted as to keep the heat from setting fire to anything beneath, some brimstone (roll sulphur), and sprinkling over it some live coals to start combustion. The operation is conducted in a deep box or barrel, the dish of burning sulphur being placed at the bottom, and the article to be bleached being suspended from a string stretched across the top. A cover not fitting so tightly as to exclude all air is placed over it, and the apparatus allowed to stand for a few hours.

Hats so treated will require to be stiffened by the application of a little gum water, and pressed on a block with a hot iron to bring them back into shape.

Waterproof Stiffening for Straw Hats.—If a waterproof stiffening is required use one of the varnishes for which formulas follow:

1.— Copal............................. 450 parts

Sandarac.......................... 75 parts

Venice turpentine............................ 40. parts

Castor oil........................... 5 parts

Alcohol........ 800 parts

2.— Shellac.......................... 500 parts

Sandarac....................... 175 parts

Venice turpentine............................ 50 parts

Castor oil............................... 15 parts

Alcohol................................... 2,000 parts

3.—..................................... Shellac 750 parts

Rosin................................... 150 parts

Venice turpentine ........................ 150 parts

Castor oil............................... 20 parts

Alcohol.............................. 2,500 parts

How to Clean a Panama Hat.—Scrub with castile soap and warm water, a nail brush being used as an aid to get the dirt away. The hat is then placed in the hot sun to dry and in the course of two or three hours is ready for use. It will not only be as clean as when new but it will retain its shape admirably. The cleaned hat will be a trifle stiff at first, but will soon grow supple under wear.

A little glycerine added to the rinsing water entirely prevents the stiffness and brittleness acquired by some hats in drying, while a little ammonia in the washing water materially assists in the scrubbing process. Ivory, or, in fact, any good white soap, will answer as well as castile for the purpose. It is well to rinse a second time, adding the glycerine to the water used the second time. Immerse the hat completely in the rinse water, moving it about to get rid of traces of the dirty water. When the hat has been thoroughly rinsed, press out the surplus water, using a Turkish bath towel for the purpose, and let it rest on the towel when drying.

PAINT, VARNISH, AND ENAMEL REMOVERS:

To Remove Old Oil, Paint, or Varnish Coats.—1. Apply a mixture of 1 part 28 per cent ammonia water, 36 parts sand, 63 parts of 40 per cent soda lye. The composition dissolves the old varnish coat, as well as the paint, down to the bottom. The varnish coatings which are to be removed may be brushed off or left for days in a hardened state. Upon being thoroughly moistened with water the old varnish may be readily washed off, the lacquer as well as the oil paint coming off completely. The ammonia otherwise employed dissolves the varnish, but not the paint.

2.—Apply a mixture of 1 part oil of turpentine and 2 parts of ammonia. This is effective, even if the coatings withstand the strongest lye. The two liquids are shaken in a bottle until they mix like milk. The mixture is applied to the coating with a little oakum; after a few minutes the old paint can be wiped off.

To Clean Brushes and Vessels of Dry Paint — The cleaning of the brushes and vessels in which the varnish or oil paint had dried is usually done by boiling with soda solution. This frequently spoils the brushes or cracks the vessels if of glass; besides, the process is rather slow and dirty. A much more suitable remedy is amyl acetate, which is a liquid with a pleasant odor of fruit drops, used mainly for dissolving and cementing celluloid. If amyl acetate is poured over a paint brush the varnish or hardened paint dissolves almost immediately and the brush is again rendered serviceable at once. If necessary, the process is repeated. For cleaning vessels shake the liquid about in them, which softens the paint so that it can be readily removed with paper. In this manner much labour can be saved. The amyl acetate can be easily removed from the brushes, etc., by alcohol or oil of turpentine.

Varnish and Paint Remover.—Dissolve 20 parts of caustic soda (98 per cent) in 100 parts of water, mix the solution with 20 parts of mineral oil, and stir in a kettle provided with a mechanical stirrer, until the emulsion is complete. Now add, with stirring, 20 parts of saw­dust and pass the whole through a paint mill to obtain a uniform intermixture. Apply the paste moist.

To Remove Varnish from Metal.—To remove old varnish from metals, it suffices to dip the articles in equal parts of ammonia and alcohol (95 per cent).

To Remove Water Stains from Varnished Furniture.—Pour olive oil into a dish and scrape a little white wax into it. This mixture should be heated until the wax melts and rubbed sparingly on the stains. Finally, rub the surface with a linen rag until it is restored to brilliancy.

COSMETICS, DESTRICES ANDDEPILATORIES

Creams

Cold creams are the most basic and still the most important creams that are sold. Cold creams are usually formulated using mineral oil as a softening and cleansing agent, and emulsifying with water by the action of borax on beeswax.

A rather soft but exceptionally smooth cream is made as follows:

Mineral Oil...................................... 1 gal.

Beeswax........................................... 1¾ lb.

Heat the above to 160º F. Dissolve 1½ oz. of borax in 6 pints of water, heat to 160ºF. and add this solution to the oil and wax with rapid stirring. When the temperature drops to 140º, add 1 oz. of perfume oil and pour the cream at about 120º.

This basic formula may be modified by replacing up to half of the beeswax with paraffin, ceresin, ozokerite or spermaceti.

The oil may be replaced in part by petrolatum or by the vegetable oils. If vegetable oils are used, a preservative should be employed.

Materials such as lanolin and absorption base may be introduced in small quantities.

Cold Cream

Mineral Oil...................................... 54 %

White Wax....................................... 18 %

Absorption Base................................ 5.5%

Borax................................................ 1%

Water.............................................. 21 %

Perfume.............................................. .5%

Melt the white wax, add the mineral oil. Dissolve borax in part of water with heat. Add to melted fats. Heat rest of water, stir in absorption base until smooth and mix with fats. Agitate thoroughly and when just above solidifying point, add perfume.

Cleansing Cream

A second type of cold cream is based on the action of triethanolamine on stearic acid.

The following are examples of this procedure:

Cleansing Cream

Mineral Oil................................ 76 lb.

1. White wax................................... 5 lb.

Spermaceti ............................... 26 lb.

Trihydroxyethylamine Stearate... 20 lb.

2. Perfume....................................... 1 lb.

3. Glycerin...................................... 4 lb.

Water........................................ 92 lb.

Heat Nos. 1 and 3 separately to 200º F.; then add Nos. 1 to 2

slowly, stirring thoroughly. When the cream begins to set., the perfume is added and stirred in. Allow to stand over night. Stir thoroughly the next morning and package. This cream will not sweat oil during hot weather and will maintain its consistency.

A third type of cream is that in which the emulsifying agent is either glyceryl monostearate or glycosterin.

These creams are emulsions of oil in water and for that reason evaporate quickly, and produces a cooling effect. They are much more water soluble than the beeswax type creams. These creams should be packed in air tight jars as there is a tendency for a small amount of water to separate from them.

The following are examples of this type product:

Cold Cream (Non-Greasy)

1. Glyceryl Monostearate................ 22 lb.

2. Petrolatum (Vaseline)................. 16 lb.

3. Paraffin Wax.............................. 12 lb.

4. Mineral Oil................................ 30 lb.

5. Water........................................ 98 lb.

Heat first four ingredients to 170º F. and stir together. Then slowly with stirring pour in the water which has been heated to the same temperature. Stir thoroughly and then allow to stand (hot) until air bubbles are gone. Add perfume and stir and pour at 110-130ºF. Cover jars as soon as possible.

Neutral Cleansing Cream

1. Mineral Oil................................ 80 lb.

2. Spermaceti................................ 30 lb.

3. Glyecryl Monostearate................ 24 lb.

4. Water........................................ 90 lb.

5. Glycerin.................................... 10 lb.

6. Perfume to suit.

Heat 1, 2 and 3 to 140º F. and stir into it slowly 4 and 5 heated to same temperature. Add perfume, at 105ºF., stir slowly until cold; after allowing to stand for 5 minutes stir until smooth and pack.

A four purpose cream that cleans, nourishes, stimulates and acts as a powder base is made as follows:

Mineral Oil....................................... 3 pints

Petrolatum (white)........................... ½ lb.

(heat to 140º F.)

Water................................................ 4½ pints

Glycerin............................................ 5 oz.

Preservative..................................... ½ oz.

Heat to 140º F. and add slowly with stirring to oil mixture. As the temperature falls, a gelatinous mass forms at 120ºF. I oz. perfume oil is added while stirring and the gelatinous msss changes to a white cream. Slow stirring is continued until cold. This cream may be packed either in tubes or jars.

This cream can be modified by various coloring agents and perfume as under cold cream to obtain specialty creams. Since it is neutral there may be incorporated in it viosterol, or gland or hormone extracts.

Liquefying- Cleansing Creams

This type of cream is composed of approximately 50% mineral oil together with petrolatum to give sufficient viscosity so that when the cream liquefies on the skin, it suspends the dirt which is removed from the pores.

The following formulae give excellent results:

Formula No. 1—Soft Translucent

Mineral Oil (light or medium)........... 56 parts

Paraffin........................................... 25 parts

Petrolatum (white)........................... 19 parts

Formula No. 2—Medium Translucent

Mineral Oil (light or medium)........... 50 parts

Paraffin........................................... 18 parts

Petrolatum (white)........................... 23 parts

Spermaceti........................................ 9 parts

Formula No. 3—Medium Opaque

Mineral Oil (light or medium)........... 50 parts

Paraffin........................................... 30 parts

Petrolatum (white)........................... 20 parts

Perfumes

The compounding of perfumes and perfume oils is rather complex. These products are made from mixtures of natural oils together with synthetic aromatic chemicals and natural isolates, as well as certain animal derivatives.

Certain of the aromatic chemicals are necessary to secure reproductions of certain of the natural flower odors, and they, when blended properly with the natural flower oils, give products of the desired character.

In the preparation of extracts, an oil is added to alcohol at anywhere from 8 to 16 ounces per gallon of alcohol, although in certain cases up to 20 ounces are used.

For pre-fixing alcohol, small amounts of the natural resins or gums, or small amounts of the animal derivatives, such as: ambergris, civet or castorium, are allowed to stand in alcohol for at least a month before it is used. The addition of small amounts of water to an alcoholic extract will reduce the tendency towards the alcoholic sharpness.

Toilet Waters

Toilet waters are made in a similar fashion to the perfume extracts, excepting that a 60-70% alcoholic concentration is used, and from 3-6 ounces of oil are used per gallon of 60-70% alcohol.

Shaving Creams

Shaving creams are special types of soap.

A shaving cream must

1. Lather freely and rapidly.

2. Lather is hot or cold water.

3. Be dense and firm.

4. Be capable of being worked into a dense and voluminous lather.

5. Must not form too soluble a lather which would wash off with excess water.

6. Lather must not dry rapidly but should remain must for some time.

7. Must be a powerful emulsifying agent, cut surface tension and have good degreasing properties.

8. Must be stable in tube or jar and not dry out or turn hard and gummy and maintain the same consistency for all reasonable temperatures.

The problem of the shaving soap is a problem of balance, so as to obtain a combination which most nearly gives the desired result.

The addition of a sufficient amount of glycerin will help keep the lather moist. The amount generally used is about 10% of the

finished cream.

Analysis of the average shaving cream will generally show as follows:

Actual soap content......................... 40%

Water.............................................. 50%

Glycerin.......................................... 10%

For the rapid lather a very ‘‘soluble’’ soap is required. If the cream consists entirely of rapid lathering soap, it will be too soluble and will wash away in hot water or on vigorous rubbing, therefore, a large quantity of the ‘‘less-soluble” soap is required. The more soluble soaps are made from the more soluble oils. These are represented by coconut oil and palm kernel oil. Because of their solubility, they will give a rapid lather, will lather up in cold water or in hard water, but will wash away in hot water or on vigorous rubbing. Because both coconut and palm kernel contain lower molecular weight acids, they will irritate the face if used in too high concentrations. They are generally limited to about 15% or less of the total fat content. While both are satisfactory, coconut is the more widely used, since the odor of palm kernel is more likely to occur in the finished soap. However, a type of deodorized palm kernel has recently been made available.

The soap required to give a more lasting lather, which will retain its body in hot water, must contain a soap such as tallow, stearic acid or palm oil. if a very dense, persistent lather is required, fats containing large amounts of behenic acid may be used.

The consistency desired is obtained not only by a balancing of soaps according to the fatty acids contained, but also by the proper balancing of sodium and potassium soaps. Too much sodium soap cannot be used because of its hardness.

The proper blends of soaps, glycerin and water, is all that a shaving cream consists of. Some contain borax and other fillers. A typical shaving cream formula would be as follows:

Coconut Oil....................................... 9

Tallow............................................... 3

Stearic Acid..................................... 28

Sodium Hydroxide............................. 1

Potassium Hydroxide......................... 7

Glycerin.......................................... 10

Water.............................................. 45

Sodium Hydroxide is prepared as a 20º Bé, solution, using part of the water, in the formula.

Potassium Hydroxide is prepared as a 35º Bé solution.

Glycerin, coconut oil and tallow are melted in the tank. The sodium hydroxide is run in slowly making sure that saponification is complete.

The excess fat is now saponified with potash, ½ the potash is added to the tank and the mass agitated until saponification appears to be complete. The stearic acid is melted and added and finally the remainder of the potash solution. The mass is stirred until neutralization is complete, and then adjusted to the amount of free stearic acid desired. Three per cent excess stearic acid is commonly used.

This soap when made will be very thick while hot, but will soften on cooling. It is possible to keep the soap thin while hot as by finishing with a large excess of stearic acid which may be later neutralized by adding the appropriate amount of potash solution to the cold soap with suitable agitation.

Liquid Shaving Creams

Stearic Acid................................... 200 g.

Triethanolamine.............................. 10 g.

Water............................................ 800 g.

Thicker Creams

Stearic Acid................................... 200 g.

Triethanolamine.............................. 10 g.

Anhydrous Sodium Carbonate.......... 10 g.

Water............................................ 800 g.

After Shaving Preparations

Almond Cream for After Shaving

Formula No. 1

Potassium Carbonate......................... 1 oz. 130 grains

Distilled Water................................ 15 oz.

Dissolve Potassium Carbonate in water, filter.

Formula No. 2

Gum Tragacanth............................ 175 grains

Glycerin.......................................... 10 oz.

Borax.............................................. 1 oz.

Distilled Water................................ 64 oz.

In 20 oz. hot water dissolve Borax then add Gum Tragacanth and Glycerin. Allow to stand 12 hours, stirring frequently. When gum has formed mucilage add the remaining 44 oz. of water while stirring and strain through muslin.

Formula No. 3

Stearic Acid triple pressed................. 5 oz. 260 grains

Oil Sweet Almond.............................. 3 oz.

Ethyl Amino Benzoate................... ½ oz.

Melt acid and oil together and add Ethyl Amino Benzoate. Stir until dissolved and adjust temperature to 70ºC.

After Shave Lotion

Menthol............................................ 1 dram

Boric Acid......................................... 2½ oz.

Glycerin............................................ 5 oz.

Alcohol.............................................. 5 quarts

Water, to make.................................. 5 gal.

Perfume

Dissolve menthol in alcohol Add boric acid, perfume, and glycerin. Stir thoroughly until everything is dissolved. Add water. Filter. This preparation may be colored by adding enough color to give shade desired.

Styptics

Styptic Pencils

The following are the methods adopted for the manufacture of alum pencils: White: Liquefy 100 gm. of potassium alum crystals by the aid of heat. Remove any scum and avoid overheating, particularly of the sides of the vessel in which liquefaction is being carried out. The molten liquid should be perfectly clear. Triturate a mixture of French chalk in fine powder, 5 gm., glycerin 5 gm. to a paste, incorporate with the liquefied alum and pour into suitable molds. A white appearance can be imparted to the resulting pencils by the addition of more French chalk. near: Carefully liquefy potassium alum crystals so as to avoid loss of water of crystallization, adding a small amount of glycerin and water (about 5 per cent) until a clear liquid is obtained. This is poured whilst hot, into suitable molds, previously smeared with fat. The solidified pencils are rendered smooth by rubbing them with a moistened piece of cloth.

Styptic Powder

An excellent styptic powder results from the mixture of 50% powdered talc and 50% phthalyl peroxide. The latter often contains up to 40% of its weight as phthalic acid; this is beneficial and acts as a stabilizer. The mixture is antiseptic.

Nail Polish

The formulation of a suitable nail polish presents problems peculiar in itself. The properties desired in the finished product are:

1. Ease of application

2. Drying time

3. Appearance of dry film

4. Permanency

Ease of application is essential. If th polish is too thin, it will tend to floy too readily when applied to the nail, and will give difficulty in securing a smooth even coat. If the polish is too thick, a lumpy, streaky finish will result. In other words, the viscosity of the polish should be such that it will allow an even film to be brushed upon the nail. The drying time should be such that when the nails of the second hand are finished, the coat on those of the first hand should be sufficiently dry to permit the second application. Naturally, this applies only to the so-called “2 coat polishes.”

The dry film should present an even appearance, any ridges, streaks, or even pinholes being absent. Finally, a good nail polish should remain on the finger nails for at least 5-7 days with little diminution of its original brilliance, and should show no signs of cracking and peeling.

True solvents, such as acetone, butyl acetate, amyl acetate, etc., give free flowing solutions whose viscosity can be influenced by increased concentration of low viscosity cotton or by the addition of non-solvents, such as toluene, xylene, etc. Commercial nitrocellulose is manufactured in various viscosities, ½ second, 4 seconds, 15-20 seconds, 40 seconds, etc. However, ½ second regular soluble nitro­cellulose generally furnishes the basis of nail polishes. This permits the incorporation of a sufficient solid content, whereas the higher viscosity cottons, even in small quantities, give a much too viscous product.

“Regular

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