The Complete Technology Book on Candle Making & Designs
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Author: NIIR Board of Consultants and Engineers |
Candle making today has taken a shape of small scale industry. It has got attention of a lot of people. From celebrities to designers all are trying their hand in this emerging industry. One pertinent reason is that the use of candle now has not been confined only for devotional purpose or some special occasion. They are now a part of every single moment is it special or routine. They add a touch of warmth in the occasion and that does why have become largely popular.
Creativity has added a new spark to the candle making industry. Candle making is a very flourishing industry in modern times owing to the versatile use of candles on various occasions and ceremonies. Candles are prepared by well established methods in multifarious fascinating colours, designs and shapes. The book is one of the best seller and has chapters on: Thermometer Weighing scales ,Measuring flask or jug ,Dipping can ,Bowl ,Iron, Hairdryer ,Pouring jug Materials ,Wicking needle ,Wick ,Wax , ,Dipping ,How to dipped candles Method ,More about dipping , Appliquéd candles ,Painting with wax ,Transfers ,Surface techniques Pressed flowers and grasses How to pressed flower candle Over dipping, etc.
This is one of its kind book which deals ostensibly with different candle making processes viz. Dipping, Pouring, Moulding or Casting and Drawing, delineating their technicalities in most illustrious manner with pictorial representations. The book will significantly add your knowledge if you are looking for comprehensive information on candle making industry to start their venture in said industry.
Contents
Equipment and materials
Equipment
Heat source
Double boiler
Thermometer
Weighing scales
Measuring flask or jug
Dipping can
Bowl
Iron
Hairdryer
Pouring jug
Materials
Wicking needle
Wick
Wax
Additives
Wax glue
Mould seal
Dyes and perfumes
Creating colour
Using perfumes
Common sense with wax
Working with heat
Fire safety
Working with wax
Preventing accidents
Cleaning up
How to begin
Working with heat
Priming wicks
How to priming wicks
Method
Dipping
How to dipped candles
Method
More about dipping
Over dipping
How to over dipping (blue on white)
Method
Hand finishing
How to plaited candles
Method
How to twisted candles
Method
Rolling
How to flared spiral candles
Method
Beeswax sheet
How to tapered beeswax candles
Method
Hand modelling
Perfumed wax flowers
How to floating rose
Method
Wax fungi
How to fly agaric toadstool
Method
Common sense with candles
Fire Safety
Workshop Wisdom
Prevention
Cure
Dipped candles
Basic dipped candles
Overdipped candles
Spiral candles
Using templates
Floating candles
Beeswax sheets
Column candles
Spiral candles
Decorative candles
Sand candle
Stencilled candles
Surface texture
Appliqued candles
Painting with wax
Transfers
Surface techniques
Pressed flowers and grasses
How to pressed flower candle
Method
Applique
Inlays
How to bulls eye candle
Method
Carving
Method
Dip and iron back
Method
Hammering
Painting
Novelty candles
Whipped wax candles
How to ice cream cone
Method
Birthday cake candles
Balloon candles
How to balloon candle
Method
Sand candles
How to sand candle
Method
Water candles
How to water candles
Method Plunge
Method Pour
Ice candles
How to ice candle
Method
Burning down
Faults
Dipping
Casting in Moulds
Advanced Surface Techniques
Dip and carve
How to dip and carve candle
Method
Peeled Banana
How to peeled Banana Candles
Method Fruit
Method skin
Cutting corners
How to basic techniques
Method Dipping
Method Cut and Curl Corners
Method spirals
Snakes
Raw Materials
The Fuel
Paraffin Wax
Stearine
Micro Crystalline Wax
Tallow
Beeswax
Vegetable Waxes
The wick
Candle Making Processes
The Dipping Process
Dipping
Equipment Required
The Pouring Process
The Moulding or Casting Process
Equipment Required
Moulding
The Candle Drawing Method
Drawing
Wax Melting
Methods
Heating Equipment
Chemical Colours Used in Candles
Candle Power
Waxes used in Candles
Selection of Good Quality Waxes
Effect of Blending with Stearic Acid on m.pt
Selected Formulations
Foreign Type Candles
Transparent Candles
Procedure
Milky Candles
Procedure
Procedure
Procedure
Procedur
Milky White Candles
Procedure
Procedure
Procedure
Procedure
Procedure
Procedure
Purification of Wax
Coloured Candles Manufacture
Perfumed Candles
Medicated Candles Mosquito Repellent Candles
Formulation of Mosquito Repellant Candle
Procedure
Magic Candles
Formulations for Coloured Flame Candles
Procedure to Prepare Saturated Solution
Petroleum Waxes
Processes And Applications of Petroleum Waxes
Introduction
Manufacture of petroleum waxes
Paraffin Wax
Microcrystalline Wax and Petrolatum
Composition of Petroleum Waxes
Paraffin Wax
Microcrystalline Wax and Petrolatum
Physical Properties of Normal Alkanes
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Waxes
Physical Properties
Mechanical Properties
Toxicity of Petroleum Waxes
Methods of testing paraffin waxes,
Microcrystalline waxes, and petrolata
Melting and Setting Point
Colour
Odour
Oil Content
Penetration (for Waxes ASTM D 1321 65)
Tensile Strength (ASTM 1320 67; TAPPI T 644 os 67)
Viscosity
Industrial Applications of Petroleum Waxes
Paper Packaging Materials
*Waxed paper
*Folding cartons
*Corrugated board
*Flexible packaging applications
Application equipment for kiss coating and curtain coating
Candles
Polishes
Matches
Wax as a Base Material for the Chemical Industry
Testing of Waxed Paper Products
Water Vapour Permeability
Resistance to Water
Blocking of Waxed Papers
Gloss and Gloss Stability
Scuffing Resistance/Flaking
Sealing Strength
The Mineral Waxes
Petroleum
Petroleum
Properties
Vaseline
Adulteration
Ozokerite
Properties
Uses
The Natural Waxes
Vegetable Waxes
Carnaoba Wax
Physical and Chemical Data
Chemical Composition
Adulteration
Technical
*Source
*Yield
*Method
*Refinement
*Grades
Candelilla Wax
Animal Waxes
Wool Wax
General and Analytical
Physical and Chemical Data
Chemical Composition
Technical
Properties and Uses
Beeswax
General and Analytical
Physical and Chemical Data
Chemical Composition
Adulteration
Preliminary Test
Technical
Source
Method of Obtaining Wax
Refinement
Spermaceti
Insect Wax
Bitumen Waxes
Refinement
Refinement by means of Nitric acid
Candle Making Plant & Machineries with
Photographs & Supplier Details
Product Catalogue
Directory Section
Suppliers of Raw Materials
A. Paraffinic Wax
B. Supplier of Stearic Acid
C. Crude Petroleum
Plants & Machineries Suppliers/ Manufacturer
Fractionating, Distillation Column : Reboilers
Condenser
Storage Tanks
Heat Exchanger
Filter Press
Boilers
Thermometer
For Moulding/Casting
Water Bath
Mixer 320
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