Here is a Detailed Project Report on the EV Equipment Manufacturing, its process, market position, demands, investment opportunity and project financials. It comprises a comprehensive analysis of the industry. The report also includes plant capacity, requirement of land and building, raw material detail with supplier list, plant & machinery, flow sheet diagram, total Capital investment along with detailed calculation on rate of return, break-even analysis and profitability analysis.
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Electric Vehicles, or EVs are taking over the market with storm. While there are some sceptics but majority of the consumers, especially a huge majority of millennial and gen z’ are in favour of these replacements. EVs are cars, bikes, scooters and other forms of transport that are powered by electricity instead of fossil fuel. This is a sustainable form of vehicle that cancels noise pollution, decreases air pollution as well as keeps travel a lot safer.
A brief history of Electric Vehicles.
EVs seem like a new tech, but scientists and engineers had been trying for more than a century to make it possible. But it wasn’t as easy as manufacturing as a fuel-based, i.e. for our engine manufacturing tech wasn’t advanced enough to run on electricity.
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Fossil fuel is flammable, and that made it compatible with the engine at that time. It is important to remember, in the early 20th century, engines were designed to run through inflammation, or ignition as we call it.
Ignition, in a loose sense literally means, the fossil fuel is burnt and then it is released through a pipe, that we call silencer.
Now electricity wasn’t flammable in any sense. So during 1920 till 1960 the research was stopped and almost forgotten, I said almost. Then something happened, not only did it change the way we saw fuel but it brought urgency to find a sustainable way of harnessing energy. It was the threat of climate change and the research for Electricity powered vehicles was back on track. The main issue with EVs inventions wasn’t the car itself but the battery. Evs couldn’t operate on fossil fuel based engines, it needed batteries that could harness electricity and then transfer it to the engine.
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Components of EVs.
The most important part of an Electric Vehicle is its battery. Now these are not some random batteries, these are rechargeable storage cells. Unlike a common battery that has a limited lifetime, an EV battery can be recharged over and over as long as you want. EV batteries are made of nickel-zinc, nickel-iron, lead acid and zinc chloride. Now one of the issues engineers face when designing EV or electric cars to be specific is the weight imbalance of the car. In cars or even two-wheelers, the battery and Electric propulsion system weigh about 40% of the car, whereas in a fuel powered car engine, its coolant sums up to 25% of the whole weight. Now to solve this you could make a hybrid automobile, with both Fossil Fuel based engine and Electric propulsion system. Or what most companies are doing these days is use Lithium-ion batteries. Now to solve the problem with weight imbalance, EV’s skeleton, also called, “The Space Frame,” is made out of aluminium, an alloy which is strong but also light weight. Even the tires are made out of aluminium instead of steel, to reduce the tire’s weight. Its seat frame and the heart of its steering, they’re made out of magnesium, another lightweight metal. The main body is made out of a recyclable, impact resistant, composite plastic. The batteries used in EVs are plastic compartments that contain metal cathodes and anodes and a fluid called Electrolyte,
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The Manufacturing Process of Electric Vehicles.
- Body Shop.
- The Aluminium space frame is put together, in a section called, Sub Assemblies. These are glued together with an adhesive bonding material. Once it is done, the underbody is ready.
- The second step is to glue the upper body together with the same adhesive bonding material.
- The last part is to join the upper body and the lower body and weld them together.
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And now we move to the second part of the process.
- General Assembly.
An electric car is manufactured in six work stations.
- The Space frame is installed with all the complex electronics, such as electric propulsion system, propulsion control module, integrated drive unit and a small radiator.
- The interior is designed. The car’s flooring, carpeting, seats, consoles and dashboard are put in place.
- Air conditioning, circulating system, heating system are inserted and fitted at the third workstation.
- The batteries are added and the T-shaped unit is attached to the chassis as well as the tires and wheels with axles and all.
- At this point, the exterior such as windshield, door system, windows are all attached to the car.
- On the sixth workstation, they check for alignment. They spray the EV with pressurized water for 8 minutes to check for leaks. The car is tested for noises, squeaks, leaks. And when it looks good for the road, the paint job is done.
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And that’s how an EV is manufactured.
Business opportunities in EV Equipment Manufacturing in India.
In September of 2014, Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the “Make In India” project. While the project in itself was a failure. A wave of revolution rose in the EV automobile industry. New startup rose to the occasion and came up with new innovative ways to make EV’s more sustainable and cheap. This also gave a chance for new business to start. Here’s a list of business ideas in the EV Equipment Manufacturing Industry and how you can set it up. Now many companies, such as Ather, PuREnergy, Pastiche Energy Solution, would help you set a franchisee, for the lack of better word, in the below given business ideas. I’ve given a list of companies involved in the business below.
- EV Battery Manufacturing.
The EV battery manufacturing business is the least competitive market in India, it doesn’t have as many players as any other manufacturing market. India is heavily dependent on China and Taiwan for battery import. This can be an expensive and not easily accessible option. Many big EV manufacturing companies, such as Ather Energy, Strom Motors, etc, import their batteries from China. But if they find a way to manufacture batteries in India, it could change the whole EV manufacturing game. Not only will it make the production fast, but due to the accessibility and cost effectiveness of batteries could also mean a cheaper cost of EVs. So making batteries is a viable business option in India. Companies, such as PuREnergy and Renon India are already in this field.
- EV Powertrain Component Manufacturing.
EV powertrain components are a lot easier and lesser than that of a fuel- vehicle. They basically consist of batteries, AC-DC converter, Electric Motor, ECU’s. And even these are imported from outside! India really seems to have some issue with our ability to make in India. But this issue is a great doorway for a business. Many companies try to go through the whole Research and Development route to tackle the powertrain component manufacturing process to make it easier. This can be a great business idea as many companies are just welding together materials gathered from all around the world. Manufacturing a cost effective, easy to assess Powertrain component could be a game changer. So these are the ideas to get into the EV Equipment manufacturing Business.
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The Project report presented by Entrepreneur India for new businesses includes a broad commercial center investigation. The report covers region wise patterns trending in the sector, overseas trade, and the regulatory framework with complete SWOT analysis of the business.
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