Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol) Manufacturing
Production of Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol) from Broken Rice, Maize & Wheat. Profitable Business Ideas for Entrepreneurs.
Ethanol is a domestically produced alternative fuel most commonly made from corn. It is also made from cellulosic feed stocks, such as crop residues and wood. Ethanol plants are concentrated in the Midwest because of the proximity to corn production. Plants outside the Midwest typically receive corn by rail or use other feed stocks and are located near large population centers.
Book Link: Handbook on Maize (Corn) Processing and Manufacture of Maize Products
Ethanol is used as an automotive fuel by itself and can be mixed with gasoline to form what has been called “gasohol” FUEL ETHANOL- the most common blends contain 10% ethanol and 85% ethanol mixed with gasoline. Over 1 billion gallons of ethanol are blended with gasoline every year in the United States. Because the ethanol molecule contains oxygen, it allows the engine to more completely combust the fuel, resulting in fewer emissions. Since ethanol is produced from plants that harness the power of the sun, ethanol is also considered a renewable fuel. Therefore, ethanol has many advantages as an automotive fuel.
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The ethanol used as an intermediary product by the chemical, pharmaceutical or cosmetics industry is in many cases of the highest and purest possible quality. These are premium markets due to the additional steps in the alcohol production process that are necessary to achieve the required purity. The same high standards and processes apply when alcohol is used for the production of spirit drinks.
Ethanol is a valuable ingredient in the production of:
Alcoholic beverages: Spirits and alcohols (e.g. vodka & gin). Neutral alcohol is mixed with water, aromas and flavouring to produce the final product.
Food and non-alcoholic beverages: Flavours and aromas. Ethanol is used as a natural product to extract and concentrate flavours and aromas, which are then used by the food & drink industry. No alcohol is contained in the final products.
Chemicals: Paints, thermometers and anti-freeze. It is also a widely used solvent and is increasingly used as a renewable alternative to fossil-based chemicals for creating a large range of products, such as bioplastics.
Cosmetics: It is contained in perfumes, deodorants, and other cosmetics.
Pharmaceutical: Medicines, medical wipes and as an antiseptic in most antibacterial hand sanitizer gels.
Related Books: – Alcohol and Alcohol Based Industries, Alcoholic and Non Alcoholic Beverages
Ethanol Production
Ethanol’s biggest asset is that it comes from the renewable resources of farms from around the world. Ethanol can be synthesized from any plant that contains sugar. Although it is most commonly made from corn, ethanol can be synthesized from sorghum, wheat and barley. The world’s largest producer or ethanol, Brazil, begins the process using sugarcane. Ethanol production is an eight step process that begins with the growing plants, such as corn. Once the corn is ready to be harvested, it is then processed into small particles. This process is necessary to remove cornstarch, which is a critical ingredient in the fermentation process. The cornstarch is ground into a fine powder where it is mixed with water and an enzyme called alpha-amylase. This enzyme helps break down the starch even further into a mash that is heated between 120 and 150 degrees to convert the starch to liquid. Once a liquid, the heat rises again to 225 degrees to break it down even further.
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Once the mash has been cooked, it is then cooled and glucoamylase, another enzyme, is added which converts the mash into a sugar that will be used in the fermentation process. After a 48 hour fermenting period, the mash will contain somewhere around 10 percent ethanol. The entire mixture-which also contains water and other solids-is then heated again to evaporate the ethanol, which will then be cooled and passed through a dehydration system that will eliminate any water that is still in the batch. At this point in the process, the ethanol is a 200 proof grain alcohol that will get even the largest alcoholic buzzing. It is a requirement that all ethanol be made unfit for human consumption, and this is done by adding a small amount of gasoline to the finished product. The ethanol is now ready to be shipped to E85 fuel centers located around the country. Ethanol production is poised for growth in the United States, which means more factories around the United States.
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Market Outlook
India Ethanol Market
India Ethanol Market is expected to register growth during the forecast period on account of the increasing consumption and production of alcoholic beverages along with the growing usage of ethanol as fuel in automotive. The growing environmental concerns and rising adoption of ethanol at gasoline stations coupled with the increasing number of gasoline stations are some of the major factors driving the demand for the ethanol market in India. Moreover, the changing taste and preferences of people, changing life, and rising automobile industry would propel the growth of the ethanol market in India.
Ethanol (also known as ethyl alcohol), popularly known as alcohol, is consumed in alcoholic beverages such as beer, cider, wine, spirits etc. all over the world. Apart from beverages, Ethanol serves various other sectors such as industrial solvent, fuel and fuel additives, chemical intermediates, disinfectants etc. Because of its broad-spectrum germicidal properties, Ethanol also finds several applications in disinfectants such as in alcohol-based hand sanitizers. Increasing demand for disinfectants with rising health consciousness among people will further escalate the Ethanol demand in the coming years.
Related Project: – Ethanol From Broken Rice, Maize & Wheat
Demand for biofuels is shifting towards emerging economies, which are rapidly putting in place policies that favor the domestic bio-fuels market. Furthermore, the market projections suggest that 84% of the total additional demand for ethanol are expected from developing countries. Additionally, in many countries, compulsory blending rules impose a minimum share of ethanol and biodiesel to be utilized in transport fuel.
The Indian ethanol market is projected to grow from $ 2.50 billion in 2018 to $ 7.38 billion by 2024, exhibiting a CAGR of 14.50% during 2019-2024, on the back of increasing ethanol use in applications such as fuel additives and beverages. Ethanol is a prominent alcoholic beverage, mainly found in beer, cider, wine, spirits and ale. Indian government is trying to reduce its dependence on imported crude oil and incentivizing Indian sugar manufacturers to produce ethanol for Oil Marketing Companies. It is expected that ethanol production will increase by three to five folds in the future in order to meet the demand for its 20% Fuel Blending Program (FBP). Factors such as increasing alcohol consumption and changing lifestyle along with growing influence of the western culture are likely to drive the demand for ethanol in the country.
Related Project: – Ethanol From Broken Rice, Maize & Wheat
Global Ethanol Market
The global market for Ethanol is projected to reach US$105. 2 billion by 2025, driven by sustained increase in demand from biofuel and food & beverage industries. Growing consumer awareness about eco-friendly products and supportive government policies are also driving growth. Ethanol use in industries such as automotive, chemicals, food & beverages, personal care & cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals is continuing to grow. The focus on technology advancements and development of low cost feedstock is also favoring growth. Regulatory frameworks and policies are also in place in several countries for guiding and promoting the usage of biofuels in regional transportation sectors. Skyrocketing crude prices and increasing concern of greenhouse gases are expected to boost the demand for ethanol both in the developed and developing countries over the next several years.
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Key Players:-
Ammana Bio Pharma Ltd.
Ghaziabad Organics Ltd.
India Glycols Ltd.
Jeypore Sugar Co. Ltd.
Piccadily Sugar & Allied Inds. Ltd.
Shamanur Sugars Ltd
Shree Renuka Sugars Ltd.