Energy recovery from urban, industrial, and agricultural wastes and residues is an important aspect of sustainable waste management and can provide significant environmental, economic, and social benefits.
How Urban Waste is Generated and How Energy Can be recovered from it?
Urban waste is generated from a variety of sources including households, commercial and industrial activities, and construction and demolition. Properly managing this waste can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, conserve resources, and reduce the burden on landfills.
One way to recover energy from urban waste is through the process of waste-to-energy (WTE). This involves using waste as a fuel to generate electricity, heat, or other forms of energy. WTE technologies include incineration, gasification, and pyrolysis, which can be used to convert waste into electricity, steam, or transportation fuels.
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How Industrial Waste is Generated and How Energy Can be recovered from it?
Industrial waste is generated from the production, processing, and use of goods and services in various sectors including manufacturing, mining, and oil and gas. Industrial waste can be classified into several categories including hazardous and non-hazardous waste. Proper management of industrial waste can help reduce environmental pollution, conserve resources, and reduce the burden on landfills.
Energy recovery from industrial waste can be achieved through several methods including waste heat recovery, waste-to-energy conversion, and recycling. Waste heat recovery involves capturing and using the heat generated from industrial processes that would otherwise be lost to the environment. Waste-to-energy conversion technologies such as incineration, gasification, and pyrolysis can also be used to recover energy from industrial waste. Recycling can also help recover energy by reducing the amount of waste that is sent to landfills and instead using it as a feedstock for new products.
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How Agricultural Waste is Generated and How Energy Can be recovered from it?
Agricultural waste is generated from the production, processing, and consumption of agricultural products. It includes crop residues, animal manure, and processing by-products such as fruit and vegetable peels, husks, and shells. Agricultural waste can be a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions if not properly managed. However, it can also be a valuable resource for energy recovery through the use of anaerobic digestion, a process that converts organic waste into biogas. Biogas is a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide that can be used as a renewable energy source for electricity generation, heating, and transportation.
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Global Market Size:
The global market for energy recovery from urban waste is growing rapidly, as municipalities around the world strive to find more efficient and environmentally friendly ways to dispose of their trash. The global market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 7% over the next five years. In 2016, the global ERW market was valued at $2.1 billion USD. By 2025, the global energy recovery from the urban waste market could be worth up to $15 billion annually.
The global market for energy recovery from industrial waste is driven by increasing awareness of the environmental and economic benefits of waste management and energy recovery. The global market for industrial waste is expected to reach $15.38 billion by 2023, growing at a compound annual growth rate of 6.9% from 2018 to 2023, according to a report by Mordor Intelligence.
The global market for energy recovery from agricultural waste through anaerobic digestion is driven by the increasing demand for renewable energy and the need to manage agricultural waste in a sustainable manner. The global market for anaerobic digestion is expected to reach $19.7 billion by 2024, growing at a compound annual growth rate of 7.4% from 2019 to 2024.
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Indian Market:
There is a huge market for energy recovery from urban waste in the Indian subcontinent. Currently, this market is dominated by two companies – Mahindra Satyam and Tech Mahindra. Both these companies have developed innovative methods to convert urban waste into biofuels, which they then sell to Delhi power distribution companies (DISCOMs) under long-term agreements. Mahindra Satyam has been able to achieve high levels of efficiency with its technology, while Tech Mahindra has leveraged its strong relationships with DISCOMs to secure better prices for the fuel it sells. These two players are leading the way in terms of innovation and growth in India’s energy recovery from the urban waste market.
The demand for energy recovery from industrial waste is one of the key reasons why India has a population of over 1.3 billion people, and this number is projected to rise to 1.5 billion by 2050. That means that there will be an ever-increasing need for renewable resources, such as solar power and wind turbines, to provide electricity. Recovery of thermal energy from industrial wastes is one solution that has received a lot of attention from investors in recent years.
There is a growing market for energy recovery from agricultural waste in India. In India, there are several companies that are successfully implementing anaerobic digestion systems using various types of crops and wastes. They estimate that their system could recover up to 220 megawatts of power per day from agricultural wastes alone! This represents a significant opportunity for Indian businesses and investors looking for new sources of renewable energy.”
Government’s Efforts and Schemes to Promote the Energy Recovery from Different Industries:
There are several efforts and schemes being undertaken by the government to promote energy recovery from urban, industrial, and agricultural wastes and residues in India.
One of the main initiatives is the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Mission), launched in 2014, which aims to clean and manage solid and liquid waste in a sustainable manner and promote the use of waste-to-energy (WTE) technologies. The mission aims to set up at least one WTE plant in each of the 4,041 statutory towns in the country by 2019.
The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has also launched several initiatives to promote the use of renewable energy from waste, including the National Biogas and Manure Management Programme, which aims to promote the use of anaerobic digestion for energy recovery from agricultural waste. The MNRE has also launched the Bio-CNG Production Programme, which aims to promote the production of compressed bio-gas (CBG) from agricultural waste for use as a transportation fuel.
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In addition, the government has introduced several financial incentives and subsidies to support the development of the waste-to-energy and anaerobic digestion sectors. These include capital subsidies, interest subsidies, and grants for the construction of WTE and anaerobic digestion plants, as well as tax exemptions for the use of renewable energy from waste.
The government has also set targets for the use of renewable energy from waste in its National Action Plan on Climate Change and the National Electricity Plan. These targets aim to increase the share of renewable energy in the country’s total energy mix and reduce the dependence on fossil fuels.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, energy recovery from urban, industrial, and agricultural wastes and residues is an important aspect of sustainable waste management and can provide significant environmental, economic, and social benefits. It is important for the government to continue supporting the development of these sectors and for the private sector to invest in and adopt energy recovery technologies in order to realize the full potential of these resources.
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