Mini Steel Plant. Production of TMT Bars, Flats, Angles, Channels and Girder. Steel Long Products Manufacturing Business
Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon containing less than 2% carbon and 1% manganese and small amounts of silicon, phosphorus, sulphur and oxygen. Steel is the world’s most important engineering and construction material. It is used in every aspect of our lives; in cars and construction products, refrigerators and washing machines, cargo ships and surgical scalpels.
Mini steel mills are normally secondary steel producers located near consumer markets & based mainly on steel/iron scrap of different grades. The mini steel plant comprises of steel melting using induction furnace or electric furnace to melt scrap & sometimes mix of scrap and sponge iron/DRI; the billet making machine or CCM (continuous casting machine) to cast billets for further rolling of mainly of mainly long products.
Thermo-Mechanically Treated Bars, (TMT Bars), are Extra High Strength Reinforcing bars which replacing any form of cold twisting, the technology of yesteryears. In this process, the steel TMT bars receive a short, intensive cooling as they pass through the specially resigned Tempcore Water Cooling System after the last Rolling Mill Stand. The sudden quenching converts the surface layer of the steel bar to a hardened structure.
These bars have a great degree of elasticity. The soft ferrite-pearlite core of the TMT bars gives them superior bendability. These bars can be easily bent and moulded into any shape and used for a wide range of constructional purposes.
Flat Steel products refer to semi-finished steel products such as sheets and plates. Flat steel products are of immense importance to steelmakers since they are used in diverse applications across various end-use industries. Application in automobiles, construction, shipbuilding, industrial machinery, and domestic appliances are among the primary uses of flat steel.
Flat steel has a wide range of applications in thermal power plants, hydro power plants, oil & gas, solar, nuclear and wind energy industries. It is also used by various light bar industries, truck trailers, railways and automobile manufacturers.
Steel Angles are the most basic type of roll-formed steel. They are formed by bending a single angle in a piece of steel. Angle Steel is ‘L’ shaped; the most common type of Steel Angles are at a 90 degree angle. The legs of the “L” can be equal or unequal in length. Steel angles are used for various purposes in a number of industries. Framing is one of the most common uses for steel angles, but steel angles are also used for brackets, trim, reinforcements, and many other uses. The larger the steel angle, the more weight and stress it can bear.
Steel channel is a hot-rolled carbon steel made in a “C” shape. Constructed using a vertical web and top and bottom horizontal flanges with inside radius corners, it is available in a wide range of sizes and thicknesses. The shape provides superior structural support, making it an ideal product for frames and braces used for machinery, enclosure, vehicle, building and structural support applications.
Steel Girders are a type of steel beams. Girders are collector beams, they are the main horizontal supports of a structure which support the smaller beams. The Girders are widely used around the world for the construction of bridges due to their various advantages which include improvement in efficiency of installation and providing sustainable solutions. Indiana had foreseen this market demand in India and commenced the fabrication of Steel Girders.
Market Outlook
India was the world’s second-largest steel producer with production standing at 106.5 MT in 2018. The growth in the Indian steel sector has been driven by domestic availability of raw materials such as iron ore and cost-effective labour. Consequently, the steel sector has been a major contributor to India’s manufacturing output. The Indian steel industry is very modern with state-of-the-art steel mills. It has always strived for continuous modernization and up-gradation of older plants and higher energy efficiency levels. Indian steel industries are classified into three categories such as major producers, main producers and secondary producers.
Steel demand in India is expected to grow above 7 per cent in the current as well as next year. The wide range of continuing infrastructure projects is likely to support growth in steel demand above 7 per cent in both 2019 and 2020.” In developing economies in Asia, excluding China, the demand is expected to grow by 6.5 per cent and 6.4 per cent in 2019 and 2020.
Steel
| Demand: Past and Future | |
| Year | (In Million Metric Tonne) |
| 1990-91 | 15.30 |
| 2000-01 | 31.61 |
| 2001-02 | 32.87 |
| 2002-03 | 35.35 |
| 2003-04 | 39.28 |
| 2004-05 | 43.32 |
| 2005-06 | 47.65 |
| 2006-07 | 52.18 |
| 2007-08 | 56.90 |
| 2008-09 | 60.00 |
| 2009-10 | 63.20 |
| 2010-11 | 71.20 |
| 2011-12 | 75.90 |
| 2012-13 | 79.10 |
| 2013-14 | 79.55 |
| 2014-15 | 86.80 |
| 2015-16 | 95.25 |
| 2016-17 | 98.75 |
| 2017-18 | 110.00 |
| 2018-19 | 120.70 |
| 2019-20 | 129.80 |
| 2024-25 | 195.20 |
Rising population coupled with ever-increasing urbanization leads to rise in demand for infrastructure in emerging economies. There is rising demand for domestic and commercial buildings in China. This is accompanied with the rising industrial development caused due to infrastructural development in the region. India is an important emerging economy.
Furthermore, the region is characterized by substantial investment in the construction sector coupled with investment in the education and healthcare sector. Increasing industries are shaping the economy of this region. Economic development in the region has led to the construction of considerable number of bridges and roads that point toward better quality infrastructure. Therefore, infrastructural development increases demand for steel long products, as these products help strengthen structural integrity.
Steel long products are able to absorb extra heat energy and can offer better stability in case of extreme weather conditions. These factors help to strengthen the building and other construction, thus triggering the expansion of the global steel product industry. Increase in pollution causes frequent and sudden change in the climate, which increases the possibility of natural calamities. This, in turn, increases the need for better quality construction, thus boosting the prospects of the steel long products market during the forecast period.
The sale of construction materials including TMT bars are estimated to grow at a Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.18% in terms of volume. Currently, the size of the Indian construction industry is USD 2.8 billion. Recently the government has announced an early completion of 10 million rural houses by the end of 2018, ahead of 2018 deadline and 11.8 million urban houses by 2020 instead or 2022 deadline under the “Housing for All” initiative. This will require huge amount of TMT bars and we expect multifold growth in demand in the coming years.
Demand Forecast of Steel Rebars
Increase in demand for low cost reinforcement bars in construction projects such as dams and bridges drives the global thermo-mechanically treated (TMT) steel bars market. Rise in government support for the production of steel and coal propels the thermo-mechanically treated (TMT) steel bars market. Thermo-mechanically treated (TMT) steel bars are preferred over torsional bars, as these have high strength and ductility. This is a key factor boosting the demand for global thermo-mechanically treated (TMT) steel bars market. However, technical constraints such as the properties such as ductility and strength associated with high-grade thermo-mechanically treated (TMT) steel bars are anticipated to hamper the global thermo-mechanically treated (TMT) steel bars market.
Flat steel market revenue is expected to grow at a rapid growth rate, over the forecast period. The market is anticipated to perform well in the near future owing to the low cost of cold rolled steel sheets compared to hot rolled sheets and expanding industrialization. Moreover, increasing public sector expenditure and the rise in infrastructure investments are some of the factors that can propel the market revenue growth of flat steel soon.
Based on product type, sheets segment is projected to lead the global flat steel market over the forecast period attributed to the extensive use of hot rolled steel sheets for the development of the major sized structures such as heavy equipment, construction, and railroads, and high malleable property. On the other hand, the cold rolled sheets are a finished form of the sheet used when a surface finishing is required automotive parts. The cold steel is processed in cold reduction mills at room temperature along with tempers rolling which make steel closer dimensional tolerance, improve surface finish, and enhance the tensile strength.
On the basis of end-users, this market has been segmented into automobiles, construction & infrastructure, transport, and others. In developed countries, flat steel products are always in demand in the automobile sector. Due to the design flexibility, high strength, and increased durability, flat steel is used in the building & infrastructure sector. It also reduces the maintenance costs.
List of Ten Best Steel Companies in India:
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited (RINL)
- VISA Steel
- Essar Steel
- TATA Steel
- JSW Steel
- Bhushan Steel
- MESCO Steel
- FACOR Steel
- Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL)
- Jindal Steel and Power
Some of the prominent players in the flat steel market are ArcelorMittal S.A., Allegheny Technologies Inc., Zeeco Metals, Inc., SSAB AB, Clingan Steel, Inc., United States Steel Corporation, AK Steel Holding Corporation, Hascall Steel Co., Essar Group ThyssenKrupp AG, Posco Co. Ltd., Precision Brand Products, Inc., Johnson Bros. Metal Forming Co., Voestalpine AG, Jindal Steel and Power Limited, JSW Steel Ltd., Tata Steel Limited, Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp, Hyundai Steel Co., and Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL), and many more.
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